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Hydrogen Storage: Materials, Methods and Perspectives
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Hydrogen Storage: Materials, Methods and Perspectives

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 9151

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Tomasz Czujko

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Gen. S. Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: hydrogen storage;intermetallics;microstructural characterization; nonferrous alloys (Al, Ti, Mg, etc.);additive manufacturing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The hydrogen economy is an ecological alternative to the conventional energy industry based on fossil fuels. One of its key elements is an efficient and economical hydrogen storage system. Hydrogen storage in the form of compressed gas and hydrogen storage materials in solid state are two dynamically developing research areas aimed at creating an effective hydrogen storage system. Scientists around the world are intensively working on the development of new and cheap high-strength materials for the production of high-pressure (30–70MPa) hydrogen storage tanks. A similar effort is being made to develop solid-state hydrogen storage materials, in the form of both hydrides and non-hydride hydrogen storage materials. In the last decade, there have also been a number of scientific works dedicated to prototype hydrogen storage systems, modeling their efficiency and experimental verification of the expected goals. Equally important problems are the validation of existing technological and material solutions and the indication of further prospective development directions in the area of ​​hydrogen storage methods.

The aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest achievements in theoretical and experimental investigations of materials, methods, and perspectives for hydrogen storage.

I cordially invite you to submit manuscripts on all the above and other related topics for this Special Issue " Hydrogen Storage: Materials, Methods, and Perspectives”. Both theoretical and experimental contributions are welcomed.

Prof. Dr. Tomasz Czujko
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hydrogen storage
  • metal hydrides
  • complex hydrides
  • confined hydrides
  • engineering applications of hydrides
  • modelling
  • non-hydride materials for hydrogen storage (carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal organic frameworks, etc.)
  • materials for high-pressure vessels

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 1378 KiB  
Article
Resistivity Testing of Palladium Dilution Limits in CoPd Alloys for Hydrogen Storage
by Sudhansu Sekhar Das, Gregory Kopnov and Alexander Gerber
Materials 2022, 15(1), 111; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15010111 - 24 Dec 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2201
Abstract
Palladium satisfies most of the requirements for an effective hydrogen storage material with two major drawbacks: it has a relatively low gravimetric hydrogen density and is prohibitively expensive for large scale applications. Pd-based alloys should be considered as possible alternatives to a pure [...] Read more.
Palladium satisfies most of the requirements for an effective hydrogen storage material with two major drawbacks: it has a relatively low gravimetric hydrogen density and is prohibitively expensive for large scale applications. Pd-based alloys should be considered as possible alternatives to a pure Pd. The question is how much one can dilute the Pd concentration in a variety of candidate materials while preserving the hydrogen absorption capability. We demonstrate that the resistivity measurements of thin film alloy samples can be used for a qualitative high-throughput screening and study of the hydrogen absorbing properties over the entire range of palladium concentrations. Contrary to palladium-rich alloys where additional hydrogen scattering indicates a degree of hydrogen content, the diluted alloy films respond by a decrease in resistance due to their thickness expansion. Evidence of significant hydrogen absorption was found in thin CoPd films diluted to just 20% of Pd. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogen Storage: Materials, Methods and Perspectives)
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8 pages, 1483 KiB  
Communication
Short-Term Impact of AC Harmonics on Aging of NiMH Batteries for Grid Storage Applications
by Jenny Börjesson Axén, Rudi Soares, Oskar Wallmark, Peter Thelin, Erika Widenkvist Zetterström and Göran Lindbergh
Materials 2021, 14(5), 1248; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14051248 - 06 Mar 2021
Viewed by 2063
Abstract
Batteries in energy storage systems are exposed to electrical noise, such as alternating current (AC) harmonics. While there have been many studies investigating whether Lithium-ion batteries are affected by AC harmonics, such studies on Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) batteries are scarce. In this [...] Read more.
Batteries in energy storage systems are exposed to electrical noise, such as alternating current (AC) harmonics. While there have been many studies investigating whether Lithium-ion batteries are affected by AC harmonics, such studies on Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) batteries are scarce. In this study a 10 Ah, 12 V NiMH battery was tested with three different harmonic current frequency overlays during a single charge/discharge cycle: 50 Hz, 100 Hz, and 1000 Hz. No effect on battery internal temperature or gas pressure was found, indicating that NiMH battery aging is not affected by the tested harmonic AC frequencies. This can reduce the cost of energy storage systems, as no extra filters are needed to safeguard the batteries. Instead, the capacitive properties of the batteries give the possibility to use the battery bank itself as a high pass filter, further reducing system complexity and cost. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogen Storage: Materials, Methods and Perspectives)
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13 pages, 4870 KiB  
Article
Hydrogen Gas Phase and Electrochemical Hydriding of LaNi5−xMx (M = Sn, Co, Al) Alloys
by Stanislava Todorova, Borislav Abrashev, Vesselina Rangelova, Lyuben Mihaylov, Evelina Vassileva, Konstantin Petrov and Tony Spassov
Materials 2021, 14(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14010014 - 22 Dec 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2025
Abstract
Hydriding/dehydriding properties of a series of LaNi5 based alloys were compared by applying both hydrogen gas phase and electrochemical hydrogen charge/discharge methods. The highest hydrogen absorption capacity of 1.4 wt.% H2 was found for LaNi4.3Co0.4Al0.3, [...] Read more.
Hydriding/dehydriding properties of a series of LaNi5 based alloys were compared by applying both hydrogen gas phase and electrochemical hydrogen charge/discharge methods. The highest hydrogen absorption capacity of 1.4 wt.% H2 was found for LaNi4.3Co0.4Al0.3, although LaNi4.8Sn0.2 also reveals comparable hydrogen capacity (>1.3%). A significant difference in the hydriding kinetics was observed for all studied alloys before and after activation. The activated alloys (5 cycles at 65 °C, 40 atm. H2) reach their maximum capacities after less than a minute, whereas the pure LaNi5 alloy needs several minutes for complete hydriding. The electrochemical hydriding/dehydriding behavior of the alloys reveals superior performance of LaNi4.3Co0.4Al0.3 and LaNi4.8Sn0.2 compared to the other compositions studied, as the capacity of LaNi4.8Sn0.2 decreases by only 10% for 60 charge/discharge cycles at a current density of 100 mA/g. Good agreement between the hydrogen sorption kinetics of the alloys obtained electrochemically and from hydrogen gas phase has also been observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogen Storage: Materials, Methods and Perspectives)
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12 pages, 2143 KiB  
Article
New Aspects of MgH2 Morphological and Structural Changes during High-Energy Ball Milling
by Tomasz Czujko, Ewelina E. Oleszek and Mariusz Szot
Materials 2020, 13(20), 4550; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13204550 - 13 Oct 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1867
Abstract
Magnesium hydride, despite the decomposition temperature being incompatible with the operating temperature of a typical PEM cell, is still considered a prospective material for hydrogen storage. Hence, this paper presents new aspects of the influence of milling time on the structural changes and [...] Read more.
Magnesium hydride, despite the decomposition temperature being incompatible with the operating temperature of a typical PEM cell, is still considered a prospective material for hydrogen storage. Hence, this paper presents new aspects of the influence of milling time on the structural changes and temperature of MgH2 decomposition, with particular emphasis on the changes taking place in the first few seconds of the milling process. This paper presents qualitative and quantitative changes in the powder particle morphology determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared particle size analysis (IPS) systems. The crystallographic structure of the powders in the initial state and after mechanical milling was characterized by X-ray diffraction. The decomposition temperature and activation energy were determined by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Changes in the activation energy and decomposition temperature were observed after only 1–2 min of the milling process. Two basic stages of the milling process were distinguished that impacted the MgH2 decomposition temperature, i.e., mechanical activation and a nanostructuring process. The activation was associated with the initial stage of particle size reduction and an increase in the fraction of fresh chemically active powder particle surfaces. On the other hand, the nanostructuring process was related to an additional decrease in the MgH2 decomposition temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrogen Storage: Materials, Methods and Perspectives)
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