Sensors, Volume 20, Issue 4

Passive microwave sensors use a radiative transfer model (RTM) to retrieve soil moisture (SM) using brightness temperatures (T_B) at low microwave frequencies. Vegetation optical depth (VOD) is a key input to the RTM. Retrieval algorithms can analytic...

Remote sensing image scene classification has a high application value in the agricultural, military, as well as other fields. A large amount of remote sensing data is obtained every day. After learning the new batch data, scene classification algori...

In this paper, the seismic assessments of two footbridges, i.e., a single-span steel frame footbridge and a three-span cable-stayed structure, to the spatial variation of earthquake ground motion (SVEGM) are presented. A model of nonuniform kinematic...

This study carries out a detailed full-scale investigation on the strong wind characteristics at a cable-stayed bridge site and associated buffeting response of the bridge structure during construction, using a field monitoring system. It is found th...

Monitoring breathing is important for a plethora of applications including, but not limited to, baby monitoring, sleep monitoring, and elderly care. This paper presents a way to fuse both vision-based and RF-based modalities for the task of estimatin...

The 24 GHz continuous-wave (CW) Doppler radar sensor (DRS) is widely used for measuring the instantaneous speed of moving objects by using a non-contact approach, and has begun to be used in train-borne movable speed measurements in recent years in C...

Crop yield is related to national food security and economic performance, and it is therefore important to estimate this parameter quickly and accurately. In this work, we estimate the yield of winter wheat using the spectral indices (SIs), ground-me...

A readily synthesizable fluorescent probe DMAT-π-CAP was evaluated for sensitive and selective detection of human serum albumin (HSA). DMAT-π-CAP showed selective turn-on fluorescence at 730 nm in the presence of HSA with more than 720-fold enh...

The gear fault signal under different working conditions is non-linear and non-stationary, which makes it difficult to distinguish faulty signals from normal signals. Currently, gear fault diagnosis under different working conditions is mainly based...

The diagnosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) by means of electroencephalography (EEG) is not a trivial task during clinical practice for neurologists. No clear PNES electrophysiological biomarker has yet been found, and the only tool ava...

Beam pattern measurement is essential to verifying the performance of an array sonar. However, common problems in beam pattern measurement of arrays include constraints on achieving the far-field condition and reaching plane waves mainly due to limit...

A low noise interface ASIC for micro gyroscope with ball-disc rotor is realized in 0.5µm CMOS technology. The interface circuit utilizes a transimpedance pre-amplifier which reduces input noise. The proposed interface achieves 0.003°/s/Hz^1/...

A target angular information in 3-dimensional space consists of an elevation angle and azimuth angle. Acoustic signals propagating along multiple paths in underwater environments usually have different elevation angles. Target motion analysis (TMA) u...

Infrared maritime target detection is the key technology of maritime target search systems. However, infrared images generally have the defects of low signal-to-noise ratio and low resolution. At the same time, the maritime environment is complicated...

This research mainly aims at the construction of the novel acceleration pedal, the brake pedal and the steering system by mechanical designs and mechatronics technologies, an approach of which is rarely seen in Taiwan. Three highlights can be address...

Accurate, rapid and non-destructive disease identification in the early stage of infection is essential to ensure the safe and efficient production of greenhouse cucumbers. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of most existing methods relies on the diseas...

An acousto-optic (AO) holographic display unit based on a suspended waveguide membrane was developed. The AO unit consists of a wide bandwidth chirp interdigital transducer (IDT) on a 20 µm thick suspended crystalline 128° YX LiNbO₃ membran...

In this work, polyurethane sponge is employed as the structural substrate of the sensor. Graphene oxide (GO) and polypyrrole (PPy) are alternately coated on the sponge fiber skeleton by charge layer-by-layer assembly (LBL) to form a multilayer compos...

We propose a free-resolution probability distributions map (FRPDM) and an FRPDM-based precise vehicle localization method using 3D light detection and ranging (LIDAR). An FRPDM is generated by Gaussian mixture modeling, based on road markings and ver...

Automated wireless sensing of force dynamics during a visuomotor control task was used to rapidly assess residual motor function during finger pinch (right and left hand) and lower lip compression in a cohort of seven adult males with chronic, unilat...

In this paper, we investigated a buffer-aided decode-and-forward (DF) wireless relaying system over fading channels, where the source and relay harvest radio-frequency (RF) energy from a power station for data transmissions. We derived exact expressi...

In this paper, a comparative study of the effectiveness of deep neural networks (DNNs) in the classification of pure and impure purees is conducted. Three different types of deep neural networks (DNNs)—the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), the Long S...

The tracking accuracy of a traditional Frequency Lock Loop (FLL) decreases significantly in a complex environment, thus reducing the overall performance of a satellite receiver. In order to ensure high tracking accuracy of a receiver in a complex env...

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) for motor rehabilitation aim to “close the loop” between attempted motor commands and sensory feedback by providing supplemental information when individuals succes...

This paper presents an analog front-end transceiver for an ultrasound imaging system based on a high-voltage (HV) transmitter, a low-noise front-end amplifier (RX), and a complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor, aluminum nitride, piezoelectric microm...

This paper investigates a piezoelectric energy harvester that consists of a piezoelectric cantilever and a tip mass for horizontal rotational motion. Rotational motion results in centrifugal force, which causes the axial load on the beam and alters t...

With the gradual popularization of Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications and the development of wireless networking technologies, the use of heterogeneous devices and runtime verification of task fulfillment with different constraints are required in...

Human activity recognition (HAR) has become an increasingly popular application of machine learning across a range of domains. Typically the HAR task that a machine learning algorithm is trained for requires separating multiple activities such as wal...

Spectral imaging is a promising technique for detecting the quality of rice seeds. However, the high cost of the system has limited it to more practical applications. The study was aimed to develop a low-cost narrow band multispectral imaging system...

Wireless networks have been widely deployed with a high demand for wireless data traffic. The ubiquitous availability of wireless signals brings new opportunities for non-intrusive human activity sensing. To enhance a thorough understanding of existi...

With the wide deployment of commercial WiFi devices, the fine-grained channel state information (CSI) has received widespread attention with broad application domain including indoor localization and intrusion detection. From the perspective of pract...

To understand the characteristics of longitudinal grouting quality, this paper developed a stress wave-based active sensing method using piezoceramic transducers to detect longitudinal grouting quality of the prestressed curved tendon ducts. There we...

With the continuous development of science and engineering technology, our society has entered the era of the mobile Internet of Things (MIoT). MIoT refers to the combination of advanced manufacturing technologies with the Internet of Things (IoT) to...

The aim of this paper was the detection of pathologies through respiratory sounds. The ICBHI (International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics) Benchmark was used. This dataset is composed of 920 sounds of which 810 are of chronic diseas...

In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has exploded in popularity. The smart home, as an important facet of IoT, has gained its focus for smart intelligent systems. As users communicate with smart devices over an insecure communication medium,...

Smart homes have been shown to be one of the most important applications of Internet of Things (IoT); however, security issues are still the main drawback to be improved, especially facing the problem of terminal power constraint and distributed netw...

The aim of this work was to develop sensors that enable the monitoring of respiratory frequencies and will be competitive at a global level in replacing conventional electronic sensors based on rigid and uncomfortable materials. The preliminary work...

Network coding is a reasonable way to increase network efficiency in response to an increase of sensed data in the Internet of Things (IoT). In network coding, intermediate nodes combine packets received from neighboring nodes, transform, and transmi...

Traffic light recognition is an indispensable elemental technology for automated driving in urban areas. In this study, we propose an algorithm that recognizes traffic lights and arrow lights by image processing using the digital map and precise vehi...

This paper presents a novel planar multifunctional sensor that is used to monitor physical variations in the environment regarding distance, angle, and stretch. A double split-ring resonator is designed at 5.2 GHz as the core operating sensor. Anothe...

Fingerprint positioning based on WiFi in coal mines has received much attention because of the widespread application of WiFi. Fingerprinting techniques have developed rapidly due to the efforts of many researchers. However, the off-line construction...

Introduction: Human joint moment is a critical parameter to rehabilitation assessment and human-robot interaction, which can be predicted using an artificial neural network (ANN) model. However, challenge remains as lack of an effective approach to d...

Capacitive MEMS accelerometers with area-variable periodic-electrode displacement transducers found wide applications in disaster monitoring, resource exploration and inertial navigation. The bonding-induced warpage, due to the difference in the coef...

To further improve the precision and efficiency of structural health monitoring technology and the theory of large-scale structures, full-field non-contact structural geometry morphology monitoring is expected to be a breakthrough technology in struc...

Presently, smartphones are used more and more for purposes that have nothing to do with phone calls or simple data transfers. One example is the recognition of human activity, which is relevant information for many applications in the domains of medi...

This paper puts forward a novel methodology of employing inverse filtering technique to extract bridge features from acceleration signals recorded on passing vehicles using smartphones. Since the vibration of a vehicle moving on a bridge will be affe...

Many remote sensing scene classification algorithms improve their classification accuracy by additional modules, which increases the parameters and computing overhead of the model at the inference stage. In this paper, we explore how to improve the c...

This study presents an improved strategy for the detection and localization of small size nodules (down to few mm) of agar in excised pork liver tissues via pulse-echo ultrasound measurements performed with a 16 MHz needle probe. This work contribute...

In this paper, we report a capillary-based Mach–Zehnder (M–Z) interferometer that could be used for precise detection of variations in refractive indices of gaseous samples. The sensing mechanism is quite straightforward. Cladding and cor...

Archaeological topography identification from high-resolution DEMs (Digital Elevation Models) is a current method that is used with high success in archaeological prospecting of wide areas. I present a methodology through which burial mounds (tumuli)...