Cancers, Volume 17, Issue 3

Background/Objectives: Bone metastasis is a common and severe complication of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), impacting prognosis and treatment outcomes. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind LUAD bone metastasis (LUADBM) is essential for develop...

Background/Objectives: This systematic literature review examines the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of metastatic gastrointestinal cancers. Methods: The databases PubMed, Scopus, Embase (Ovid),...

Effective available treatment options for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) who relapse after becoming refractory to both a covalent Bruton Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor (cBTKi) and a B cell leukemia/lymphoma...

Mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, poses significant diagnostic challenges due to its overlap with benign inflammatory skin diseases and the absence of specific symptoms. Accurate early diagnosis and stratifica...

Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare primary liver cancer with poor prognosis, due to the advanced stage at the time of diagnosis and limited therapeutic options, with poor response. Chemotherapy remains the standard first-line treatment, but the advent of i...

Background/Objectives: We aimed to compare the salivary gland volume changes following intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) alone versus IMRT/intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) combination in oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). Methods: We ret...

Background: Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are rare, highly malignant mesenchymal tumours, comprising approximately 1% of all adult cancers and about 15% of paediatric solid tumours. STSs exhibit considerable genomic complexity with diverse subtypes, po...

Background/Objectives: Although Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication therapy is important for preventing gastric cancer (GC), the occurrence of GC after H. pylori eradication remains a problem. In this study, the aim was to identify risk facto...

Background/Objectives: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment have been reported to be closely associated with tumor progression in various types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Periostin, a matricellular pro...

Background/Objectives: There is an unmet need to improve outcomes in patients with metastatic Ewing sarcoma (ES). This retrospective, multicenter study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the topotecan–cyclophosphamide (TC) regimen in...

In the original publication [...]

The incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) has significantly increased over the past two decades. Material and methods: This study analyzed trends in HNC incidence and mortality using data from the Polish Cancer Register (1999–2021) across thr...

Background: Although the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) has been associated with increased Medicaid coverage among prostate cancer patients, the association between Medicaid expansion with risk group at diagnosis, time to treatment...

Background/Objectives: We investigated the association between chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and cancer risk in an adult Korean population. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database....

Borderline Ovarian Tumours (BOTs) are a heterogenous group of ovarian neoplasms which have increased mitotic activity but lack stromal invasion. We performed a narrative review of the literature, aiming to identify prognostic molecular biomarkers tha...

Background: Intensity modulated radiotherapy with helical tomotherapy (IMRT-HT) is used in the breast cancer (BC) treatment for years now to obtain homogeneous dose distribution in the treated volumes and reduce the doses to organs at risk. The purpo...

Background: O₃-O₂ therapy is an alternative medical treatment that introduces a mixture of O₃-O₂ into the body for therapeutic purposes. The objective of this study is to evaluate its margins of applicability in the eradication of HPV infection from...

Background: The immune contexture of solid tumors plays a critical role in cancer progression and response to immunotherapy. However, immunologic characterization of appendiceal cancer (AC) has lagged behind advancements in other gastrointestinal mal...

Background/Objectives: Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a higher propensity for adverse cardiovascular outcomes, primarily due to the toxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents. The purpose of this systematic review is to explore the ass...

Background/Objectives: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for skull base reirradiation is particularly challenging, as patients have already received substantial radiation doses to the region, and nearby normal organs may have approached thei...

Background/Objectives: Sarcopenia is an emergent prognostic biomarker in clinical oncology. Albeit increasingly defined through skeletal muscle index (SMI) thresholding, the literature cut-offs fail to discern heterogeneous baseline muscularity acros...

Background: Acute kidney disease (AKD) is a recent definition reflecting ongoing physiopathological processes of an acute renal injury (AKI). Information on AKD in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is scarce and there is no available data on...

Background: Global colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is significant, constituting 15% of all cancer cases with 1.4 million new diagnoses annually. Recent research suggests categorizing CRC into three clinical groups: right colon cancer (RCC), left co...

Background: Chordoma is a rare primary tumor originating from embryonic notochord remnants, with limited systemic therapeutic options due to a poor understanding of its genomic landscape. This study aims to characterize the genetic alterations in cho...

S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) is a key methyl donor that plays a critical role in a variety of cellular processes, such as DNA, RNA and protein methylation, essential for maintaining genomic stability, regulating gene expression and maintaining cellula...

Background: Tobacco use remains a global challenge to public health, accounting for almost eight million deaths per year worldwide, with a significant portion attributable to tobacco-related cancers. Examining the epidemiology of tobacco-related canc...

Background/Objectives: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) remains an incurable B-cell malignancy. B-CLL cells exhibit an extended lifespan in part due to the activation of survival pathways such as NF-kB. A crosstalk between NF-kB and GSK-3β pat...

Background: Patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who are ineligible for high-dose chemotherapy have limited treatment options and poor life expectancy. The purpose of this study is to identify a serum metab...

Background/Objectives: 5DCT was first proposed in 2005 as a motion-compensated CT simulation approach for radiotherapy treatment planning to avoid sorting artifacts that arise in 4DCT when patients breathe irregularly. Since March 2019, 5DCT has been...

Background: Despite advances in the management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), prognostic models and treatment strategies remain inadequate, particularly for HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). The rising inc...

In the original publication [...]

Background: The epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process in which epithelial cells lose their polarity and adhesion characteristics, and adopt a mesenchymal phenotype. While the EMT naturally occurs during tissue fibrosis, woun...

Background/Objectives: Infants with KMT2A-rearranged B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have high rates of relapse and poor survival compared with children. Few new therapies have been identified over the past twenty years. The aim of this stu...

Introduction: Meningiomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors, constituting 39.7% of intracranial tumors. Although generally benign, some exhibit aggressive behavior and risk of recurrence, necessitating adjuvant therapy and rep...

Multiple myeloma is biologically and clinically a complex and heterogeneous disease which develops late in life, with the median age at the time of initial diagnosis being 66 years. In 1975, Durie and Salmon developed the first broadly adopted stagin...

Background: For most colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, expanding the benefits of immunotherapy, particularly through blocking programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), is crucial, especially in cases with limited response to neoadjuvant...

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been the most common cancer globally in the recent decade. CT is the most common imaging modality for the initial diagnosis of NSCLC. The gold standard for definitive diagnosis is the histological ev...

Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) arises from the epithelial lining of the colon or rectum, often following a progression from benign adenomatous polyps to malignant carcinoma. Screening modalities such as colonoscopy, faecal immunochemi...

Background: Ipilimumab and nivolumab (ipi/nivo) improved overall survival (OS) compared to sunitinib in the pivotal Checkmate 214 trial of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) intermediat...

Objectives: Germline genetic testing is increasingly being integrated into pediatric oncology and a large number of families are interested. Current research on the psychological impact of germline genetic testing is limited by a main focus on indivi...

Background: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a devastating childhood brainstem tumor. The median survival of DIPG is 16–24 months independent of the treatment received. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies against DIPG are urgently n...

Background/Objectives: NF2-related schwannomatosis (NF2) is a tumor predisposition syndrome that typically presents with bilateral vestibular schwannomas, together with other intracranial and spinal schwannomas, meningiomas, and/or ependymomas. Bevac...

The effectiveness of oxaliplatin (L-OHP) has been reported overseas; however, in Japan, the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is reported to be good, and there has been a long debate about the applicability of L-OHP combination therapy in...

Background/Objectives: Combining radiation therapy with mild hyperthermia, especially via magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS), holds promise for enhancing tumor control and alleviating symptoms in cancer patients. However, current c...

Background: Electronic Health Records (EHRs) encompass valuable data essential for disease prediction. The application of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning, significantly enhances disease prediction by analyzing extensive EHR d...

As the mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis become better understood, the dynamic roles of cellular components of the tumor microenvironment, and their cross-talk with tumor cells, have come to light as key drivers of disease progression and have emer...

Background: It is unclear as to where we stand with respect to utilizing emerging focused ultrasound (FUS) technology in the setting of brain tumor treatment in pediatric patients, such as malignant diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, and various adult...

Background: While radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) significantly improve breast cancer outcomes, they may affect breast reconstruction by causing vascular damage and delayed wound healing. This retrospective study evaluates how preoperative RT...

Sarcomas are rare mesenchymal tumors with significant heterogeneity, encompassing both bone and soft tissue neoplasms that can range from benign to malignant and from superficial to deep-seated lesions [...]

Background/Objectives: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the most malignant solid cancers. KRAS mutation accounts for over 90% of cases. p21-activated kinases (PAKs) act downstream of KRAS and are involved in tumorigenesis. The inhibit...