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Computers, Volume 13, Issue 8

2024 August - 31 articles

Cover Story: As the global deployment of Fifth-Generation (5G) technology continues, the exploration of potential Sixth-Generation (6G) wireless networks has begun. Sixth-Generation technology aims to surpass 5G by providing a ubiquitous communication experience through integrating diverse Radio Access Networks (RANs) and fixed-access networks, creating a “network of networks.” This paper proposes a novel user plane protocol architecture called 6G Recursive User Plane Architecture (6G-RUPA). It focuses on scalability, flexibility, and energy efficiency, improving network federation, protocol overhead, and mobility management mechanisms, among other elements. 6G-RUPA enhances overall performance and sustainability, bringing mobile networks one step closer to the “network of networks” vision. View this paper
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Articles (31)

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,752 Views
31 Pages

22 August 2024

With the advent of increasingly powerful machine learning algorithms and the ability to rapidly obtain accurate aerodynamic performance data, there has been a steady rise in the use of algorithms for automated aerodynamic design optimisation. However...

  • Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
24,658 Views
29 Pages

Forensic Investigation, Challenges, and Issues of Cloud Data: A Systematic Literature Review

  • Munirah Maher Alshabibi,
  • Alanood Khaled Bu dookhi and
  • M. M. Hafizur Rahman

22 August 2024

Cloud computing technology delivers services, resources, and computer systems over the internet, enabling the easy modification of resources. Each field has its challenges, and the challenges of data transfer in the cloud pose unique obstacles for fo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
12,406 Views
22 Pages

21 August 2024

The Persian language, also known as Farsi, is distinguished by its intricate morphological richness, yet it contends with a paucity of linguistic resources. With an estimated 110 million speakers, it finds prevalence across Iran, Tajikistan, Uzbekist...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,180 Views
24 Pages

20 August 2024

Social media platforms like X (formerly known as Twitter) are integral to modern communication, enabling the sharing of news, emotions, and ideas. However, they also facilitate the spread of harmful content, and manual moderation of these platforms i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,622 Views
29 Pages

20 August 2024

As cryptographic implementations leak secret information through side-channel emissions, the Hamming weight (HW) leakage model is widely used in deep learning profiling side-channel analysis (SCA) attacks to expose the leaked model. However, imbalanc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
7,972 Views
13 Pages

Developing and Testing a Portable Soil Nutrient Detector in Irrigated and Rainfed Paddy Soils from Java, Indonesia

  • Yiyi Sulaeman,
  • Eko Sutanto,
  • Antonius Kasno,
  • Nandang Sunandar and
  • Runik D. Purwaningrahayu

20 August 2024

Data on the soil nutrient content are required to calculate fertilizer rate recommendations. The soil laboratory determines these soil properties, yet the measurement is time-consuming and costly. Meanwhile, portable devices to assess the soil nutrie...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,863 Views
26 Pages

19 August 2024

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) can bolster road safety through the proactive dissemination of emergency messages (EMs) among vehicles, effectively reducing the occurrence of traffic-related accidents. It is difficult to transmit EMs quickly and r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,153 Views
17 Pages

19 August 2024

This research examines student teachers’ perceptions of a game-based exam conducted in the Genial.ly app in the study course ”Legal Aspects of the Pedagogical Process”. This study aims to find out the pros and cons of game-based exa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,634 Views
21 Pages

Caputo Fabrizio Bézier Curve with Fractional and Shape Parameters

  • Muhammad Awais,
  • Syed Khawar Nadeem Kirmani,
  • Maheen Rana and
  • Raheel Ahmad

19 August 2024

In recent research in computer-aided geometric design (CAGD), one of the most popular concerns has been the creation of new basis functions for the Bézier curve. Bézier curves with high degrees often overshoot, which makes it challengin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,590 Views
15 Pages

An Educational Escape Room Game to Develop Cybersecurity Skills

  • Alessia Spatafora,
  • Markus Wagemann,
  • Charlotte Sandoval,
  • Manfred Leisenberg and
  • Carlos Vaz de Carvalho

19 August 2024

The global rise in cybercrime is fueled by the pervasive digitization of work and personal life, compounded by the shift to online formats during the COVID-19 pandemic. As digital channels flourish, so too do the opportunities for cyberattacks, parti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,351 Views
16 Pages

Impact of Video Motion Content on HEVC Coding Efficiency

  • Khalid A. M. Salih,
  • Ismail Amin Ali and
  • Ramadhan J. Mstafa

18 August 2024

Digital video coding aims to reduce the bitrate and keep the integrity of visual presentation. High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) can effectively compress video content to be suitable for delivery over various networks and platforms. Finding the opt...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,082 Views
14 Pages

Semantic-Aware Adaptive Binary Search for Hard-Label Black-Box Attack

  • Yiqing Ma,
  • Kyle Lucke,
  • Min Xian and
  • Aleksandar Vakanski

18 August 2024

Despite the widely reported potential of deep neural networks for automated breast tumor classification and detection, these models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which leads to significant performance degradation on different datasets. In th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,509 Views
17 Pages

Time Series Forecasting via Derivative Spike Encoding and Bespoke Loss Functions for Spiking Neural Networks

  • Davide Liberato Manna,
  • Alex Vicente-Sola,
  • Paul Kirkland,
  • Trevor Joseph Bihl and
  • Gaetano Di Caterina

15 August 2024

The potential of neuromorphic (NM) solutions often lies in their low-SWaP (Size, Weight, and Power) capabilities, which often drive their application to domains that could benefit from this. Nevertheless, spiking neural networks (SNNs), with their in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,274 Views
29 Pages

Training and Certification of Competences through Serious Games

  • Ricardo Baptista,
  • António Coelho and
  • Carlos Vaz de Carvalho

15 August 2024

The potential of digital games, when transformed into Serious Games (SGs), Games for Learning (GLs), or game-based learning (GBL), is truly inspiring. These forms of games hold immense potential as effective learning tools as they have a unique abili...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,931 Views
12 Pages

15 August 2024

Facial palsy causes the face to droop due to sudden weakness in the muscles on one side of the face. Computer-added assistance systems for the automatic recognition of palsy faces present a promising solution to recognizing the paralysis of faces at...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,131 Views
18 Pages

Virtual Reality Integration for Enhanced Engineering Education and Experimentation: A Focus on Active Thermography

  • Ilario Strazzeri,
  • Arnaud Notebaert,
  • Camila Barros,
  • Julien Quinten and
  • Anthonin Demarbaix

15 August 2024

The interconnection between engineering simulations, real-world experiments, and virtual reality remains underutilised in engineering. This study addresses this gap by implementing such interconnections, focusing on active thermography for a carbon f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,175 Views
27 Pages

15 August 2024

The integration of the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and machine learning (ML) has pioneered a transformation across several fields. Equipping electrical engineering students to remain abreast of the dynamic technological landscape is vital. Th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,282 Views
31 Pages

15 August 2024

The detection of Android malware is of paramount importance for safeguarding users’ personal and financial data from theft and misuse. It plays a critical role in ensuring the security and privacy of sensitive information on mobile devices, the...

  • Review
  • Open Access
7 Citations
7,310 Views
23 Pages

Usage of Gamification Techniques in Software Engineering Education and Training: A Systematic Review

  • Vincenzo Di Nardo,
  • Riccardo Fino,
  • Marco Fiore,
  • Giovanni Mignogna,
  • Marina Mongiello and
  • Gaetano Simeone

14 August 2024

Gamification, the integration of game design elements into non-game contexts, has gained prominence in the software engineering education and training realm. By incorporating elements such as points, badges, quests, and challenges, gamification aims...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
5,531 Views
12 Pages

An Efficient QC-LDPC Decoder Architecture for 5G-NR Wireless Communication Standards Targeting FPGA

  • Bilal Mejmaa,
  • Malika Alami Marktani,
  • Ismail Akharraz and
  • Abdelaziz Ahaitouf

14 August 2024

This novel research introduces a game-changing architecture design for Quasi-Cyclic Low-Density Parity-Check (QC-LDPC) decoders in Fifth-Generation New-Radio (5G-NR) wireless communications, specifically designed to meet precise specifications and le...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,905 Views
17 Pages

Adaptive Load Balancing Approach to Mitigate Network Congestion in VANETS

  • Syed Ehsan Haider,
  • Muhammad Faizan Khan and
  • Yousaf Saeed

13 August 2024

Load balancing to alleviate network congestion remains a critical challenge in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). During route and response scheduling, road side units (RSUs) risk being overloaded beyond their calculated capacity. Despite recent adv...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,660 Views
25 Pages

Metaverse Unveiled: From the Lens of Science to Common People Perspective

  • Mónica Cruz,
  • Abílio Oliveira and
  • Alessandro Pinheiro

13 August 2024

Everyone forms a perception about everything, including the Metaverse. Still, we may expect a gap or disconnection between what has been expressed by various researchers and the widespread perceptions of technology and related concepts. However, the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
6,094 Views
13 Pages

Availability, Scalability, and Security in the Migration from Container-Based to Cloud-Native Applications

  • Bruno Nascimento,
  • Rui Santos,
  • João Henriques,
  • Marco V. Bernardo and
  • Filipe Caldeira

The shift from traditional monolithic architectures to container-based solutions has revolutionized application deployment by enabling consistent, isolated environments across various platforms. However, as organizations look for improved efficiency,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
5,700 Views
18 Pages

Rice Yield Forecasting Using Hybrid Quantum Deep Learning Model

  • De Rosal Ignatius Moses Setiadi,
  • Ajib Susanto,
  • Kristiawan Nugroho,
  • Ahmad Rofiqul Muslikh,
  • Arnold Adimabua Ojugo and
  • Hong-Seng Gan

In recent advancements in agricultural technology, quantum mechanics and deep learning integration have shown promising potential to revolutionize rice yield forecasting methods. This research introduces a novel Hybrid Quantum Deep Learning model tha...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,504 Views
13 Pages

In this study, we present a computational model for simulating opinion dynamics within social networks, incorporating cognitive and social psychological principles such as homophily, confirmation bias, and selective exposure. We enhance our model usi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,294 Views
20 Pages

Force-Directed Immersive 3D Network Visualization

  • Alexander Brezani,
  • Jozef Kostolny and
  • Michal Zabovsky

Network visualization, in mathematics often referred to as graph visualization, has evolved significantly over time, offering various methods to effectively represent complex data structures. New methods and devices advance the possibilities of visua...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,524 Views
22 Pages

Measuring Undergraduates’ Motivation Levels When Learning to Program in Virtual Worlds

  • Juan Gabriel López Solórzano,
  • Christian Jonathan Ángel Rueda and
  • Osslan Osiris Vergara Villegas

Teaching/learning programming is complex, and conventional classes often fail to arouse students’ motivation in this discipline. Therefore, teachers should look for alternative methods for teaching programming. Information and communication tec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,305 Views
31 Pages

On Using GeoGebra and ChatGPT for Geometric Discovery

  • Francisco Botana,
  • Tomas Recio and
  • María Pilar Vélez

This paper explores the performance of ChatGPT and GeoGebra Discovery when dealing with automatic geometric reasoning and discovery. The emergence of Large Language Models has attracted considerable attention in mathematics, among other fields where...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,045 Views
18 Pages

6G-RUPA: A Flexible, Scalable, and Energy-Efficient User Plane Architecture for Next-Generation Mobile Networks

  • Sergio Giménez-Antón,
  • Eduard Grasa,
  • Jordi Perelló and
  • Andrés Cárdenas

As the global deployment of Fifth Generation (5G) is being well consolidated, the exploration of Sixth Generation (6G) wireless networks has intensified, focusing on novel Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and Key Value Indicators (KVIs) that extend...

  • Review
  • Open Access
13 Citations
6,208 Views
22 Pages

Quantum computing has emerged as a transformative paradigm, with revolutionary potential in numerous fields, including quantum image processing and compression. Applications that depend on large scale image data could benefit greatly from parallelism...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,160 Views
22 Pages

Knowledge Distillation in Image Classification: The Impact of Datasets

  • Ange Gabriel Belinga,
  • Cédric Stéphane Tekouabou Koumetio,
  • Mohamed El Haziti and
  • Mohammed El Hassouni

As the demand for efficient and lightweight models in image classification grows, knowledge distillation has emerged as a promising technique to transfer expertise from complex teacher models to simpler student models. However, the efficacy of knowle...

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Computers - ISSN 2073-431X