Metals, Volume 10, Issue 2

In this paper, thermomechanical processing of niobium microalloyed steel was performed with the purpose of determining the interaction between niobium precipitates and dislocations, as well as determining the influence of the temperature of final def...

Steel was the most requested material all over the world during the past fast technically evolving centuries [...]

Titanium alloys have excellent properties, but components are very expensive due to the high levels of processing required, such as vacuum melting, multi-stage forging, and machining. As a result, forged titanium alloy components are largely exclusiv...

At steady state, in the governing equation of one-stage thermoelectric cooler, the heat resulting from Fourier conduction is balanced by heat generation due to the Joule and Thomson effects inside semiconductors. Since the heat flux observed at the j...

Selective laser melting (SLM) to fabricate Al_0.5CoCrFeNi high entropy alloys with pre-mixed powders was studied in this paper. The influences of process parameters including laser power, scanning speed, and hatch spacing on the relative density of hi...

The most challenging issue associated with recycling the sludge generated from printed circuit boards (PCBs) is the separation of copper (Cu) from iron (Fe), using multi-stage leaching, or adding oxidizing and precipitating agents. Herein we investig...

In finishing processes, the quality of aluminum parts is mostly influenced by static and dynamic phenomena. Different solutions have been studied toward a stable milling process attainment. However, the improvements obtained with the tuning of proces...

Surface modification by different technologies prior to joining operations or improving tribological properties is a point of great interest. Improving surface activation by increasing the roughness of the metal is a relationship that is becoming mor...

In finite element (FE) simulations, the peak bone stresses were higher when loading with a cantilever extension (CE) than when loading without a CE by 33–49% in the cortical bone. In the in vitro experiments, the highest values of principal str...

Strength properties of annealed austenitic stainless steels are relatively low and therefore improvements are desired for constructional applications. The reversion of deformation induced martensite to fine-grained austenite has been found to be an e...

Thermoelectrics is one promising way of increasing the efficiency of machines and devices by reusing some of the waste heat produced. One obstacle for commercialization is the need to coat the materials to prevent sublimation and oxidation of the the...

An integrated experimental-theoretical approach to the metallurgical characterization of the interfaces in steel plates clad by hot rolling is proposed. Three different couplings of materials have been studied: ASTM A 515 Gr.60 low carbon steel clad...

Flake (FGI) and spheroidal (SGI) graphite cast irons are often used to produce workpieces, which often need to be machined. Machinability differences under various machining methods are the basis for choosing machining equipment and technology. In th...

Cu precipitation strengthening was compared in steels after treatments with and without cold rolling. A 0.2% C steel containing up to 1.5% Cu was quenched and tempered. Cu precipitation took place during tempering and increased its yield strength (YS...

Elucidating the evolution law of the elastic properties of the matrix phase is of great significance for the control of steel properties and quality during continuous casting and subsequent heat treatment. In this paper, thermal expansion experiments...

The multi-objective optimization of the SmartCrown intermediate roll profile for a cold rolling mill was proposed in this paper in order to improve the strip flatness quality. A coupling model of roll profile and strip flatness was established, and t...

Digitalization represents a paramount process started some decades ago, but which received a strong acceleration by Industry 4.0 and now directly impacts all the process and manufacturing sectors. It is expected to allow the European industry to incr...

Fatigue damage, creep damage, and their interactions are the critical factors in degrading the integrity of most high-temperature engineering structures. A reliable creep-fatigue damage interaction diagram is a crucial issue for the design and assess...

In order to determine strategies for removing arsenic from rare earth arsenic-containing steels, the evolution of inclusions in the whole steelmaking process with alumina crucibles was investigated. It has been proven that adding lanthanum has a sign...

In practice, structures of pallet racks are characterized by very wide options of beam-to-column connections. The up to date part of the standard Eurocode 3 considers details for the design of connections. However, experimental determination of the j...

Tungsten materials, used as friction stir welding tools, undergo severe plastic deformation and even collapse at high operating temperatures. In order to improve the low-temperature toughness and high-temperature strength, W-10wt.%Re-0.5wt.%ZrC alloy...

CMT welding sources are garnering attention as alternative heat sources for wire arc additive manufacturing because of their low-heat input. A comprehensive experimental and numerical study on the multi-layer deposition of STS316L was performed to in...

Owing to its potential application prospect in novel accident tolerant fuel, molybdenum alloys and their welding technologies have gained great importance in recent years. The challenges of welding molybdenum alloys come from two aspects: one is rela...

The most popular surface modification technology used to enhance the mechanical properties of metallic materials is shot peening. Shot peening improves fatigue life and strength by introducing local plastic deformation pits. However, the pits increas...

For many years, the oil and gas industry has utilized superduplex stainless steels due to their high strength and excellent corrosion resistance. Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) was used with superduplex filler wire to create walls with differ...

In sheet metal forming manufacturing operations the use of servo presses is gaining more interest due to the opportunity to improve process performance (quality, productivity, cost reduction, etc.). It is not yet clear how to proceed in the engineeri...

Fatigue crack is one of the most common damage forms for aeronautical aluminum alloy. With crack propagation, the strain fields of the whole object surface and plastic zone (PZ) ahead of the crack tip are changing continuously. For most metallic mate...

The beneficial effects of V addition on the corrosion of a newly manufactured Ti6AlxV (x = 2 wt %, 4 wt %, 6 wt %, and 8 wt %) alloys after various exposure periods in 3.5% NaCl solutions were reported. The Ti6AlxV were produced from their raw powder...

This study aims at the analysis of the reaction layer between titanium matrices and reinforcements: B₄C particles and/or intermetallic Ti_xAl_y. Likewise, the importance of these reactions was observed; this was particularly noteworthy as regard cohere...

A quantitative feeding system of molten metal was designed based on a special vehicle cover, which achieved the quantitative transport of molten metal in a fully enclosed environment. There are lots of advantages of this novel device, such as improvi...

The in situ reaction method for preparing metal matrix composites has the advantages of a simple process, good combination of the reinforcing phase and matrix, etc. Based on the mechanism of forming TiC_x particles via the dissolution reaction of soli...

The continuous casting process (CCP) is the most vital part of steelmaking. The flow pattern near the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) and mould greatly influence the quality of the slab produced. The present investigation was carried out to gain knowled...

A Cr-free Ni-based self-lubricating composites with MoS₂ and Ag as lubricants were fabricated by the powder metallurgy method. The microstructures were examined. The mechanical properties and tribological behaviors of the composites were evaluated fr...

Novel Fe-based soft magnetic composites (SMCs) with hybrid phosphate-alumina layers were prepared by both sol–gel and ball-milling methods. The effects of the fabrication methods and the addition of Al₂O₃ particles on the microstructure and the...

Ti-6Al-4V, the most commonly used alloy of titanium, possesses excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, which is the prime reason for the continual rise in its industrial demand worldwide. The extraordinary mechanical properties of t...

Element reaction–diffusion of Ti/Al₂O₃ composite which was fabricated at various sintering temperatures, holding times, and a sintering pressure of 30 MPa has been discussed in the present research. Results show that the thickness of the reacti...

There have been a number of studies concerning the integrity of high-strength carbon steel pipe elbows weakened by local pipe wall thinning, the latter can be typically caused by flow accelerated erosion/corrosion. In particular, the focus of several...

The effect of electroslag remelting (ESR) with CaF₂-based synthetic slag on the microstructure and mechanical properties of three as-quenched martensitic/martensitic-bainitic ultrahigh-strength steels with tensile strengths in the range of 1250&ndash...

Additive Manufacturing, AM, is considered to be environmentally friendly when compared to conventional manufacturing processes. Most researchers focus on resource consumption when performing the corresponding Life Cycle Analysis, LCA, of AM. To that...

Homogeneous heat treatment serves the significant roles in eliminating the segregation and tuning the microstructure of alloy ingot. It usually cost tremendous power and time to achieve a homogeneous microstructure for aluminum alloys. In this articl...

From the point of view of designing materials, it is important to study the complex correlational research that involves measuring several variables and assessing the relation among them. Hence, the notion of machine-oriented data modeling is explore...

According to market data, about 15% of world zinc consumption is devoted to the production of zinc-base alloys that are used for manufacturing automotive parts, electronic/electrical systems and also, water taps and sanitary fittings, household artic...

High production costs of Ti alloys usually hinders their use in industry sectors like the automotive and hence, low-cost titanium alloys could broaden titanium alloy usage. This work presents the study of three alloys— Ti-Fe, Ti-Fe-Al, and Ti-F...

Martensitic stainless steels are widely used in industries due to their high strength and good corrosion resistance performance. Precipitation-hardened (PH) martensitic stainless steels feature very high strength compared with other stainless steels,...

An AZ80 alloy with ultra-high strength and good ductility has been successfully prepared by a novel processing route of combining extrusion and caliber rolling. The caliber rolled (CRed) AZ80 alloy has a necklace grain structure with ultrafine dynami...

Creep is a serious concern reducing the efficiency and service life of components in various structural applications. Multi-principal element alloys are attractive as a new generation of structural materials due to their desirable elevated temperatur...

This research investigated the rheo-die-casting process and the production of an A356/silicon carbide (SiC) composite by a thixoforming. The composite contained 15 percent by weight SiC particles of around 15–37 µm in size as the reinforc...

Sand casting of lead sheet is a traditional manufacturing process used up to the present due to the special features of sand cast sheet such as their attractive sheen. Similarly to any casting process, sand casting of lead sheet suffers from the pres...

Aluminum alloy sheets are gaining increasing interest in the construction of some or all components of the car body in view of their lightweight properties which can allow significant fuel consumption reduction. In order to be suitable for car body a...

The microalloying with niobium (Nb) and titanium (Ti) is standardly applied in low carbon steel high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels and enables austenite conditioning during thermo-mechanical controlled processing (TMCP), which results in pronounce...