2025 February - 119 articles
Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and cognitive decline, primarily due to dysfunction of acetylcholine caused by acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. While synthetic c...
Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) affects over 1% of the global population and significantly impacts psychosocial functioning and life expectancy. This manuscript has the objective of investigating gender differences in the clinical and biochemical...
Background: Coccygodynia presents significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment. While coccygectomy has emerged as a crucial intervention for refractory cases, significant heterogeneity exists in surgical techniques. Traditional approaches are in...
Background: Prenatal stress has been reported to harm the physiological and biochemical functions of the brain of the offspring, potentially resulting in anxiety- and depression-like behaviors later in life. Trans-Resveratrol (RESV) is known for its...
Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type (wt) glioblastoma is an aggressive malignancy associated with poor clinical outcomes, marked by high heterogeneity and resistance to treatment. This study aims to investigate the prognostic signifi...
Background/Objectives: Bilateral steno-occlusive disease of the internal carotid artery (ICA) carries an increased stroke risk with associated high morbidity and mortality. Management of these patients is often complex. In this study, we evaluate the...
Background/Objectives: Since high frequencies are susceptible to disruption in various types of hearing loss, a symptom which is common in people with tinnitus, the aim of the study was to investigate EEG cortical auditory evoked and P300 responses t...
Background/Objectives: Hemispatial neglect is common after stroke but is often evaluated only after right hemisphere (RH) stroke. We sought to determine the prevalence of two types of neglect, viewer-centered neglect (VCN) and stimulus-centered negle...
Background: Recently proposed brain-tumor treatment strategies prioritize fast reduction of tumor cell population while often neglecting the radiation or chemotherapeutic drug dosage requirements to achieve it. Moreover, these techniques provide chem...
Fibromyalgia is a common, high-impact condition of chronic widespread pain and sensory dysfunction associated with altered central and peripheral sensory processing. A growing body of evidence supports the role of neuroinflammation and immune changes...
Background: Emerging evidence suggests that peripheral immunoinflammatory responses contribute to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis, and endothelial cells (ECs) are involved in these responses. Nevertheless, the potential molecular mechanis...
Background: Acute subdural hematoma (aSDH) is associated with a high risk of epilepsy, a complication linked to poor outcomes. Craniotomy is a known risk factor, with an epilepsy incidence of approximately 25%. This study evaluated radiomic features...
Background/Objectives: This systematic review integrates Cognitive Load Theory (CLT), Educational Neuroscience (EdNeuro), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML) to examine their combined impact on optimizing learning environments. It...
The global rise in mental health-related disorders represents a significant health and wellbeing challenge, imposing a substantial social and economic burden on individuals, communities, and healthcare systems. According to the World Health Organizat...
Background: Hypermobility Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (hEDS) is a clinical condition characterized by hypermobility and tissue fragility and is associated with chronic pain. The present study aimed to investigate the associations between affect regu...
Growth mindset, which asserts that intelligence and abilities can be cultivated through effort and learning, has garnered substantial attention in psychological and educational research. While the psychological and behavioral impacts of growth mindse...
Current standard of care treatment for patients with spine tumors includes multidisciplinary approaches, including the following: (1) surgical tumor debulking, epidural spinal cord decompression, and spine stabilization techniques; (2) systemic chemo...
Statistical learning (SL), the ability to extract patterns from the environment, has been assumed to play a central role in whole cognition, particularly in language acquisition. Evidence has been gathered, however, from behavioral experiments relyin...
Aside from its immediate traumatic effects, spinal cord injury (SCI) presents multiple secondary complications that can be harmful to those who have been affected by SCI. Among these secondary effects, gut dysbiosis (GD) and the activation of the NOD...
Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of discharge against medical advice (DAMA) among schizophrenia patients in Germany and to identify factors associated with the risk of DAMA. Methods: This multicenter cross-sec...
Most brain development occurs in the “first 1000 days”, a critical period from conception to a child’s second birthday. Critical brain processes that occur during this time include synaptogenesis, myelination, neural pruning, and th...
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a substantial burden for psychiatric care, affecting approximately one-third of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Adolescent populations with depression are a particularly challenging demographic t...
In the original publication [...]
Acupuncture is a medical tool in which a sterile needle is used to penetrate and stimulate a certain body area (acupoint), inducing a series of sensations such as numbness, dullness, or aching, often referred to as de-qi. But is that all? In this art...
Background/Objectives: Prior studies have noted varied, spontaneous motor recovery in rat strains after spinal cord injury (SCI), but systematic comparisons of different locomotor measurements across different severity and sexes are lacking. Hence, w...
Background/Objectives: Coma prognosis is challenging, as patient presentation can be misleading or uninformative when using behavioral assessments only. Event-related potentials have been shown to provide valuable information about a patient’s...
Background: The construction industry faces significant safety hazards, frequent accidents, and inadequate management. Studies identify unsafe worker behaviors as the primary cause of construction accidents. However, most research overlooks the psych...
Purpose: Determine if performing ultrasound-guided, bilateral, two-level cervical sympathetic chain blocks (2LCSB) (performed on subsequent days) provides durable improvement in symptoms associated with anxiety. Methods: A retrospective chart review...
Background: Co-occurring conditions and psychiatric comorbidities are more frequently observed in autistic individuals than in typically developing populations. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the agreement of parent- and self-repor...
Background: Brain-inspired models are commonly employed for artificial intelligence. However, the complex environment can hinder the performance of electronic equipment. Therefore, enhancing the injury resistance of brain-inspired models is a crucial...
Background/Objectives: Fake pain expressions are more intense, prolonged, and include non-pain-related actions compared to genuine ones. Despite these differences, individuals struggle to detect deception in direct tasks (i.e., when asked to detect l...
Background: Pharmacoresistant epilepsy affects approximately one-third of all epilepsy patients, and resective surgery may offer favorable outcomes for carefully selected patients with focal epilepsy. The accurate identification of the epileptogenic...
This Special Issue presents some recent developments in the intriguing research and clinical field of cognition and cognitive training in patients with neurodegenerative diseases [...]
Objectives: The treatment of emotional dysregulation (ED) poses a major challenge for clinicians managing adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This naturalistic longitudinal study aimed to evaluate the effects of combining mood stab...
Background: Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common pharmaco-resistant type of epilepsy. The chance of obtaining seizure freedom after resective surgery in pharmaco-resistant mesial temporal lobe patients (mTLE) is significantly higher compared to...
Background/Objectives: Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) are becoming increasingly prevalent, necessitating diverse treatment options to manage symptoms. The effectiveness of these treatments depends on accurate and se...
Background: Schizophrenia is a complex disorder characterized by disruptions in cognition, behavior, and emotions. Extensive research has uncovered alterations in a single modality (either the brain structure or function) in schizophrenia. However, t...
The increasingly widespread use of stereo-EEG in the pre-surgical evaluation has led to greater recognition of the insula as both a source and surgical target for drug-resistant epilepsy. Clinicians have long appreciated the challenges of diagnosing...
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic represented a disruptive global event that significantly impacted mental health, posing specific challenges for vulnerable groups such as individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This group faced particular d...
Objectives: This research investigated the impact of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on sense of agency (SoA) when focusing on cortical regions like the cerebellum, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and the angular gyrus (AG)...
Background: Autism spectrum disorder has been argued to involve impairments in domain-general predictive abilities. There is strong evidence that individuals with ASD have trouble navigating the dynamic world due to an inability to predict the outcom...
Background: Sexual characteristics in brain neurophysiological activity are a significant area of research in cognitive neuroscience. As a sport that involves minimal physical movement, shooters remain largely stationary during aiming, facilitating t...
Background/Objectives: This study evaluates the potential of electroencephalography (EEG) as a noninvasive tool for distinguishing between healthy individuals (n = 79), those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 36), and dementia patients (n = 7)...
Background/Objectives: The misuse of veterinary drugs is a growing concern, with increasing evidence of their presence in illicit drug markets and their use as alternatives to traditional substances. Methods: This study explores Reddit discussions on...
Background/Objectives: Unilateral hand movements alter the excitability of the ipsilateral primary motor cortex (ipsi-M1) and contralateral spinal motoneurons. Although this excitability increases during complex, high muscle-activity movements, few s...
Background: Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a recognized precursor of stroke that also indicates a high risk of recurrence. The Hyperintense Acute Reperfusion Marker (HARM), which is linked to blood–brain barrier disruption, may serve as a n...
Cerebral lateralisation is a core organising principle of the brain that is characterised by a complex pattern of hemispheric specialisations and interhemispheric interactions. In various mental disorders, functional and/or structural hemispheric asy...
Background: In motor imagery brain–computer interface (MI-BCI) research, electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are complex and nonlinear. This complexity and nonlinearity render signal processing and classification challenging when employing tradi...
Background: The gut microbiome directly impacts brain health and activity, meaning the two are closely associated. This relationship suggests a link between microbial imbalances and diseases such as Alzheimer’s, although multiple other contribu...
Background/Objectives: Fabry disease (FD) is an inborn error of the glycosphingolipid metabolism with variable kidney, heart, and central nervous system (CNS) involvement. CNS-related FD manifestations include early ischemic stroke and white matter l...
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