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Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics

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A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 35491

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Irene Dini

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Guest Editor

Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Interests: food chemistry; food analysis; antioxidant activity; nutraceutics; dietary supplements
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Sonia Laneri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Interests: cosmeceuticals; natural product; skin analysis; transdermal delivery; in vivo/in vitro efficacy tests of cosmetics; analytical chemistry on natural product in cosmetics; nutricosmetics; hair analysis; innovative cosmetic formulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dietary antioxidants are naturally occurring nutrient and secondary bioactive molecules which can modulate or decrease the oxidation and inflammation signaling pathways. Many spices, herbs, fruits, whole grains, and vegetables contain antioxidant molecules which scavenge free radicals, reducing their development, quenching the formed reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and eliminating their by-products of metabolism. The antioxidant molecules in the human diet have some health effects, including a preventing role in cardiovascular, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases and a beneficial action against the signs of aging. Since immemorial time, they have been employed in topical applications. Recently, the cosmetics industry has made nature a driving force in creating renewable alternatives to petroleum-derived ingredients to protect the planet Earth and respond to consumers' demands for healthy products. Great attention was paid to the antioxidant-enriched extracts to prevent premature skin aging provoked by oxidative stress due to environmental (e.g., smog, UV) and endogen processes (e.g., infections, inflammations). New words have been created, including "cosmeceutical" (derived from "cosmetic" and "pharmaceutical") to suggest the presence of active ingredients in cosmetic products and "nutricosmetic," to indicate food supplements (containing nutrient and secondary active metabolites) combined with cosmetic creams to enhance the beauty of our body from "in and out". The great demand for natural antioxidants is engaging researchers in searching for valuable methods to recover them even from food waste.

This Special Issue collects research articles and review papers dealing with the possible uses of dietary antioxidants in cosmetic applications. In particular, the following topics are of interest isolation, characterization, and dosage of antioxidants in food, use of agricultural practices to increase the concentration of antioxidant compounds in food, evaluation of cosmetic properties of the food antioxidants, toxicological aspects related to the employ of the food antioxidants in cosmetic formulations, development of delivery systems to improve the food antioxidants performance in cosmetic products.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Irene Dini
Prof. Dr. Sonia Laneri
Guest Editors

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

antioxidant activity
phenolic compounds
isolation and characterization
metabolomics
delivery system
cosmetic supplement
food supplement
functional food
cosmeceuticals
genetically modified food
toxicological properties
biological activities

Published Papers (14 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

2 pages, 163 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Dietary and Cosmetic Antioxidants

by Irene Dini

Antioxidants 2024, 13(2), 228; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13020228 - 13 Feb 2024

Viewed by 723

Abstract

Spices, herbs, fruits, whole grains, vegetables, and sea organisms contain antioxidant molecules that can scavenge free radicals and reduce their development, quenching the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

Research

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23 pages, 9261 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Anti-Inflammation and Anti-Melanogenic Effects of Maca Root Extracts Fermented Using Lactobacillus Strains

by Jisun Yang, Hyeijin Cho, Minchan Gil and Kyung Eun Kim

Antioxidants 2023, 12(4), 798; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040798 - 24 Mar 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3589

Abstract

Maca is a well-known biennial herb with various physiological properties, such as antioxidant activity and immune response regulation. In this study, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-melanogenic effects of fermented maca root extracts were investigated. The fermentation was carried out using Lactobacillus strains, such as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, and Lactobacillus gasseri. In RAW 264.7 cells, the non-fermented maca root extracts increased the secretion of nitric oxide (NO), an inflammatory mediator, in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, the fermented extracts showed considerably lower NO secretion than the non-fermented extracts at concentrations of 5% and 10%. This indicates the effective anti-inflammatory effects of fermented maca. The fermented maca root extracts also inhibited tyrosinase activity, melanin synthesis, and melanogenesis by suppressing MITF-related mechanisms. These results show that fermented maca root extracts exhibit higher anti-inflammatory and anti-melanogenesis effects than non-fermented maca root extracts. Thus, maca root extracts fermented using Lactobacillus strains have the potential to be used as an effective cosmeceutical raw material. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

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16 pages, 1846 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Carnosine on UVA-Induced Changes in Intracellular Signaling of Human Skin Fibroblast Spheroids

by Gilda Aiello, Francesca Rescigno, Marisa Meloni, Beatrice Zoanni, Giancarlo Aldini, Marina Carini and Alfonsina D’Amato

Antioxidants 2023, 12(2), 300; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12020300 - 28 Jan 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1904

Abstract

Dermis fibroblasts are very sensitive to penetrating UVA radiation and induce photo-damage. To protect skin cells against this environmental damage, there is an urgent need for effective compounds, specifically targeting UVA-induced mitochondrial injury. This study aimed to analyze the effect of carnosine on the proteome of UVA-irradiated human skin fibroblast, cultured in a three-dimensional (3D) biological system recapitulating dermal compartment as a test system to investigate the altered cellular pathways after 48 h and 7 days of culture with or without carnosine treatment. The obtained results indicate that UVA dysregulates Oxidative Phosphorylation, the Fibrosis Signaling Pathway, Glycolysis I and Nrf2-mediated Oxidative Stress Response. Carnosine exercises provide a protective function against the harmful effects of UVA radiation by activating the Nrf2 pathway with the upregulations of some ROS-detoxifying enzymes such as the glutathione S-transferase (GST) protein family. Additionally, carnosine regulates the activation of the Epithelial Adherens Junction and Wound Healing Signaling Pathway by mediating the activation of structural proteins such as vinculin and zyxin as well as fibronectin 1 and collagen type XVIII alpha 1 chain against UVA-induced changes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

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17 pages, 3348 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cosmeceutical Effects of Ishige okamurae Celluclast Extract

by Fengqi Yang, Jimin Hyun, D. P. Nagahawatta, Young Min Kim, Moon-Soo Heo and You-Jin Jeon

Antioxidants 2022, 11(12), 2442; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11122442 - 10 Dec 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1811

Abstract

Sulfated polysaccharides extracted from brown algae are unique algal polysaccharides and potential ingredients in the cosmeceutical, functional food, and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, the present study evaluated the cosmeceutical effects, including antioxidant, anti-wrinkle, anti-inflammation, and photoprotective activities, of Ishige okamurae Celluclast extract (IOC). The IOC was abundant in sulfated polysaccharides (48.47%), polysaccharides (44.33%), and fucose (43.50%). Moreover, the IOC effectively scavenged free radicals, and its anti-inflammatory properties were confirmed in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages; therefore, the IOC may produce auxiliary effects by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS). In vitro (Vero cells) and in vivo (zebrafish) studies further confirmed that the IOC produced a protective effect against hydrogen-peroxide-induced oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the IOC suppressed intracellular ROS and apoptosis and enhanced HO-1 and SOD-1 expression through transcriptional activation of Nrf2 and downregulation of Keap1 in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, the IOC exhibited a potent protective effect against ultraviolet-B-induced skin damage and photoaging. In conclusion, the IOC possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and photoprotective activities, and can, therefore, be utilized in the cosmeceutical and functional food industries. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

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15 pages, 1575 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cosmeceutical Potential of Extracts Derived from Fishery Industry Residues: Sardine Wastes and Codfish Frames

by Martim Cardeira, Ana Bernardo, Inês C. Leonardo, Frédéric B. Gaspar, Marta Marques, Rodrigo Melgosa, Alexandre Paiva, Pedro Simões, Naiara Fernández and Ana Teresa Serra

Antioxidants 2022, 11(10), 1925; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11101925 - 28 Sep 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2074

Abstract

The fishery industry generates large amounts of waste (20–75% (w/w) of the total caught fish weight). The recovery of bioactive compounds from residues and their incorporation in cosmetics represents a promising market opportunity and may contribute to a sustainable valorisation of the sector. In this work, protein-rich extracts obtained by high-pressure technologies (supercritical CO₂ and subcritical water) from sardine (Sardina pilchardus) waste and codfish (Gadus morhua) frames were characterized regarding their cosmeceutical potential. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities were evaluated through chemical (ORAC assay), enzymatic (inhibition of elastase and tyrosinase), antimicrobial susceptibility (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes) and cell-based (in keratinocytes-HaCaT) assays. Sardine extracts presented the highest antibacterial activity, and the extract obtained using higher extraction temperatures (250 °C) and without the defatting step demonstrated the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values (1.17; 4.6; 0.59 mg/mL for K. pneumoniae, S. aureus and C. acnes, respectively). Codfish samples extracted at lower temperatures (90 °C) were the most effective anti-inflammatory agents (a concentration of 0.75 mg/mL reduced IL-8 and IL-6 levels by 58% and 47%, respectively, relative to the positive control). Threonine, valine, leucine, arginine and total protein content in the extracts were highlighted to present a high correlation with the reported bioactivities (R² ≥ 0.7). These results support the potential application of extracts obtained from fishery industry wastes in cosmeceutical products with bioactive activities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

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11 pages, 1499 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Chestnut Wood Mud as a Source of Ellagic Acid for Dermo-Cosmetic Applications

by Federica Moccia, Davide Liberti, Samuele Giovando, Carla Caddeo, Daria Maria Monti, Lucia Panzella and Alessandra Napolitano

Antioxidants 2022, 11(9), 1681; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091681 - 28 Aug 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2086

Abstract

Ellagic acid (EA) has long been recognized as a very active antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial agent. However, its low bioavailability has often hampered its applications in health-related fields. Here, we report a phospholipid vesicle-based controlled release system for EA, involving the exploitation of chestnut wood mud (CWM), an industrial by-product from chestnut tannin production, as a largely available and low-cost source of this compound. Two kinds of CWM with different particle size distributions, indicated as CWM-A and CWM-B (<100 and 32 µm, respectively), containing 5 ± 1% w/w EA, were incorporated into transfersomes. The latter were small in size (~100 nm), homogeneously dispersed, and negatively charged. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assays indicated up to three-fold improvement in the antioxidant properties of CWM upon incorporation into transfersomes. The kinetics of EA released under simulated physiological conditions were evaluated by UV-Vis spectroscopy and HPLC analysis. The best results were obtained with CWM-B (100% of EA gradually released after 37 days at pH 7.4). A stepwise increase in the antioxidant properties of the released material was also observed. Cell-based experiments confirmed the efficacy of CWM-B transfersomes as antioxidant agents in contrasting photodamage. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

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19 pages, 3989 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Nomilin from Yuzu Seed Has In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Downregulates Melanogenesis in B16F10 Melanoma Cells through the PKA/CREB Signaling Pathway

by Moon-Hee Choi, Seung-Hwa Yang, Nam Doo Kim and Hyun-Jae Shin

Antioxidants 2022, 11(9), 1636; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091636 - 23 Aug 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2366

Abstract

Yuzu (Citrus junos) is a citrus plant native to Asian countries, including Korea, Japan, and China. Yuzu peel and seed contain abundant vitamin C, citric acid, and polyphenols. Although the antioxidative and antimelanogenic activities of other citrus fruits and yuzu extract have been reported, the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the limonoid aglycone contained in yuzu seed extract is unknown. We separated yuzu seeds into the husk, shell, and meal and evaluated antioxidant activity of each. The limonoid glucoside fraction of the husk identified nomilin, a novel tyrosinase inhibitor. We performed tyrosinase inhibitory activity and noncompetitive inhibition assays and docking studies to determine nomilin binding sites. Furthermore, we evaluated the antioxidative mechanism and antimelanogenic activity of nomilin in B16F10 melanoma cells. The concentration of nomilin that did not show toxicity was <100 µg/mL. Nomilin suppressed protein expression of TYR, TRP-1, TRP-2, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) in a concentration-dependent manner. Nomilin significantly reduced the levels of p-CREB and p-PKA at the protein level and decreased the levels of skin-whitening-related factors MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 at the mRNA level in a concentration-dependent manner. Thus, nomilin from yuzu seed husk can be used as a skin-whitening agent in cosmetics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

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25 pages, 3546 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Response of Thymus lotocephalus In Vitro Cultures to Drought Stress and Role of Green Extracts in Cosmetics

by Inês Mansinhos, Sandra Gonçalves, Raquel Rodríguez-Solana, Hugo Duarte, José Luis Ordóñez-Díaz, José Manuel Moreno-Rojas and Anabela Romano

Antioxidants 2022, 11(8), 1475; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11081475 - 28 Jul 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2081

Abstract

The impact of drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) on morphological, physiological, (bio)chemical, and biological characteristics of Thymus lotocephalus López and Morales shoot cultures have been investigated, as well as the potential of iron oxide nanoparticles, salicylic acid, and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) as alleviating drought stress agents. Results showed that PEG caused oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner, raising H₂O₂ levels and reducing shoots’ growth, photosynthetic pigment contents, and phenolic compounds production, especially phenolic acids, including the major compound rosmarinic acid. Moreover, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra analysis revealed that PEG treatment caused changes in shoots’ composition, enhancing terpenoids biosynthesis. PEG also decreased the biological activities (antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, and photoprotective) of the eco-friendly extracts obtained with a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent. MeJA was the most efficient agent in protecting cells from oxidative damage caused by drought, by improving the biosynthesis of phenolics, like methyl 6-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside and salvianolic acids, as well as improving the extracts’ antioxidant activity. Altogether, the obtained results demonstrated a negative impact of PEG on T. lotocephalus shoots and an effective role of MeJA as a mitigating agent of drought stress. Additionally, extracts showed a good potential to be used in the cosmetics industry as skincare products. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

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15 pages, 4098 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fucosterol Isolated from Dietary Brown Alga Sargassum horneri Protects TNF-α/IFN-γ-Stimulated Human Dermal Fibroblasts Via Regulating Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB/MAPK Pathways

by Kirinde Gedara Isuru Sandanuwan Kirindage, Arachchige Maheshika Kumari Jayasinghe, Eui-Jeong Han, Youngheun Jee, Hyun-Jin Kim, Sun Gil Do, Ilekuttige Priyan Shanura Fernando and Ginnae Ahn

Antioxidants 2022, 11(8), 1429; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11081429 - 23 Jul 2022

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2637

Abstract

Sargassum horneri is a well-known edible brown alga that is widely abundant in the sea near China, Korea, and Japan and has a wide range of bioactive compounds. Fucosterol (FST), which is a renowned secondary metabolite in brown algae, was extracted from S. horneri to 70% ethanol, isolated via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), followed by the immiscible liquid-liquid separation, and its structure was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of FST against oxidative stress, inflammation, and its mechanism of action in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/interferon (IFN)-γ-stimulated human dermal fibroblast (HDF). FST was biocompatible with HDF cells up to the 120 μM dosage. TNF-α/IFN-γ stimulation significantly decreased HDF viability by notably increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. FST dose-dependently decreased the intracellular ROS production in HDFs. Western blot analysis confirmed a significant increment of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/ heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) involvement in FST-treated HDF cells. In addition, the downregulation of inflammatory mediators, molecules related to connective tissue degradation, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases were identified. TNF-α/IFN-γ stimulation in HDF cells increased the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) mediators, and its phosphorylation was reduced with the treatment of FST in a dose-dependent manner. Results obtained from western blot analysis of the NF-κB nuclear translocation were supported by immunocytochemistry results. Collectively, the outcomes suggested that FST significantly upregulates the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and regulates NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways to minimize the inflammatory responses in TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HDF cells. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

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16 pages, 7936 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Alginate-Chitosan Coated Nanoliposomes as Effective Delivery Systems for Bamboo Leaf Flavonoids: Characterization, In Vitro Release, Skin Permeation and Anti-Senescence Activity

by Yanpei Gu, Zhenlei Zhao, Fan Xue and Ying Zhang

Antioxidants 2022, 11(5), 1024; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11051024 - 23 May 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2417

Abstract

The use of bamboo leaf flavonoids (BLF) as functional food and cosmetic ingredients is limited by low bioavailability and difficulty in being absorbed by the intestine or skin. The aim of this study was to prepare BLF-loaded alginate-chitosan coated nanoliposomes (AL-CH-BLF-Lip) to overcome these challenges. The nanocarriers were characterized by dynamic light scattering, high performance liquid chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The biological activity was analyzed by in vitro antioxidant activity, transdermal absorption, cytotoxicity and AAPH induced HaCaT cell senescence model. The results showed that the size of nanocarriers ranged from 152.13 to 228.90 nm and had a low polydispersity index (0.25–0.36). Chitosan (CH) and alginate (AL) were successfully coated on BLF-loaded nanoliposomes (BLF-Lip), the encapsulation efficiency of BLF-Lip, BLF-loaded chitosan coated nanoliposomes (CH-BLF-Lip) and AL-CH-BLF-Lip were 71.31%, 78.77% and 82.74%, respectively. In addition, BLF-Lip, CH-BLF-Lip and AL-CH-BLF-Lip showed better in vitro release and free radical scavenging ability compared with naked BLF. In particular, the skin permeability of BLF-Lip, CH-BLF-Lip, and AL-CH-BLF-Lip increased 2.1, 2.4 and 2.9 times after 24 h, respectively. Furthermore, the use of nanoliposomes could significantly improve the anti-senescence activity of BLF (p < 0.01). Conclusively, alginate-chitosan coated nanoliposomes are promising delivery systems for BLF that can be used in functional foods and cosmetics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

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18 pages, 1209 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Chemical, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties of the Peel and Male Flower By-Products of Four Varieties of Punica granatum L. Cultivated in the Marche Region for Their Use in Cosmetic Products

by Maria Rosa Gigliobianco, Manuela Cortese, Samanta Nannini, Lucrezia Di Nicolantonio, Dolores Vargas Peregrina, Giulio Lupidi, Luca Agostino Vitali, Elena Bocchietto, Piera Di Martino and Roberta Censi

Antioxidants 2022, 11(4), 768; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11040768 - 12 Apr 2022

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2819

Abstract

We are now seeing an increase in the production of agri-food waste, which is an essential resource for the recovery of bioactive compounds that may be employed as innovative natural ingredients in cosmetics. To date, the approach to cosmetics preservation has seen a significant shift in the search for biological components that give healthier alternatives for customers and help businesses operate in an environmentally friendly manner. To achieve this goal, we studied pomegranate extracts using the peel and, for the first time, extracts from the male flowers of a wide pomegranate variety cultivated in the Marche region, specifically, the Wonderful, Mollar de Elche, Parfianka, and less-studied G1 varieties. We studied the phenol compounds profile, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity, and cell viability of the obtained pomegranate extracts. The identification and quantification of phenol compounds belonging to different classes, such as hydrolysable tannins, hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxycinnamic acid, dihydroflavonol, gallocatechin, and anthocyanins, were performed using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Punicalagin isomers and punicalin resulted in the most abundant polyphenols found in the peel and male flower extracts. Mollar de Elche 2020 peel extract revealed a high concentration of punicalagin A and B (7206.4 mg/kg and 5812.9), while the content of gallic acid revealed high results in the G1 and Parfianka varieties. All extracts were spectrophotometrically analysed to determine their total phenol content (TPC) using the Folin–Ciocalteu method and their antioxidant capacity (AC). In terms of the total phenol obtained by the Folin–Ciocalteu colorimetric method, Mollar de Elche 2020 extracts reported the highest TPC content of 12.341 µmol GAE/g. Results revealed that the Mollar de Elche and Wonderful 2020 peel extracts demonstrated the highest TPC and AC. Furthermore, AC results indicated that the peel extracts displayed higher AC than the male flower extract due to the high punicalagin content detected by UPLC analysis. The antimicrobial activity testing revealed that the Wonderful and G1 2020 peel extracts resulted active against Escherichia coli, while all extracts exhibited promising anticandidal activity. Additionally, the cytocompatibility was evaluated in keratinocytes HaCaT cells by testing concentrations of pomegranate extracts ranging from 0.15 to 5.00 mg/mL. Extracts were non-toxic for the cells in the tested concentration range. The acquired results may help exploit pomegranate agri-food waste products provided by the Marche region’s short supply chain for their use as an antimicrobial and antioxidant booster in the formulation of cosmetic products. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

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Review

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28 pages, 1524 KiB

Open AccessReview

Food Peptides for the Nutricosmetic Industry

by Irene Dini and Andrea Mancusi

Antioxidants 2023, 12(4), 788; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040788 - 23 Mar 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2991

Abstract

In recent years, numerous reports have described bioactive peptides (biopeptides)/hydrolysates produced from various food sources. Biopeptides are considered interesting for industrial application since they show numerous functional properties (e.g., anti-aging, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties) and technological properties (e.g., solubility, emulsifying, and foaming). Moreover, they have fewer side effects than synthetic drugs. Nevertheless, some challenges must be overcome before their administration via the oral route. The gastric, pancreatic, and small intestinal enzymes and acidic stomach conditions can affect their bioavailability and the levels that can reach the site of action. Some delivery systems have been studied to avoid these problems (e.g., microemulsions, liposomes, solid lipid particles). This paper summarizes the results of studies conducted on biopeptides isolated from plants, marine organisms, animals, and biowaste by-products, discusses their potential application in the nutricosmetic industry, and considers potential delivery systems that could maintain their bioactivity. Our results show that food peptides are environmentally sustainable products that can be used as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-aging, and anti-inflammatory agents in nutricosmetic formulations. Biopeptide production from biowaste requires expertise in analytical procedures and good manufacturing practice. It is hoped that new analytical procedures can be developed to simplify large-scale production and that the authorities adopt and regulate use of appropriate testing standards to guarantee the population’s safety. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

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16 pages, 5465 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Prospects of Swietenia macrophylla King in Skin Care

by Camille Keisha Mahendra, Khang Wen Goh, Long Chiau Ming, Gokhan Zengin, Liang Ee Low, Hooi-Leng Ser and Bey Hing Goh

Antioxidants 2022, 11(5), 913; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11050913 - 6 May 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2765

Abstract

The importance of cosmetics in our lives is immeasurable. Covering items from daily personal hygienic products to skincare, it has become essential to consumers that the items that they use are safe and effective. Since natural products are from natural sources, and therefore considered “natural” and “green” in the public’s eyes, the rise in demand for such products is not surprising. Even so, factoring in the need to remain on trend and innovative, cosmetic companies are on a constant search for new ingredients and inventive new formulations. Based on numerous literature, the seed of Swietenia macrophylla has been shown to possess several potential “cosmetic-worthy” bioproperties, such as skin whitening, photoprotective, antioxidant, antimicrobial, etc. These properties are vital in the cosmetic business, as they ultimately contribute to the “ageless” beauty that many consumers yearn for. Therefore, with further refinement and research, these active phytocompounds may be a great contribution to the cosmetic field in the near future. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

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23 pages, 1983 KiB

Open AccessReview

Contribution of Nanoscience Research in Antioxidants Delivery Used in Nutricosmetic Sector

by Irene Dini

Antioxidants 2022, 11(3), 563; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11030563 - 16 Mar 2022

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3448

Abstract

Nanoscience applications in the food and cosmetic industry offer many potential benefits for consumers and society. Nanotechnologies permit the manipulation of matter at the nanoscale level, resulting in new properties and characteristics useful in food and cosmetic production, processing, packaging, and storage. Nanotechnology protects sensitive bioactive compounds, improves their bioavailability and water solubility, guarantees their release at a site of action, avoids contact with other constituents, and masks unpleasant taste. Biopolymeric nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanoemulsions, nanocapsules, and colloids are delivery systems used to produce food supplements and cosmetics. There are no barriers to nanoscience applications in food supplements and cosmetic industries, although the toxicity of nano-sized delivery systems is not clear. The physicochemical and toxicological characterization of nanoscale delivery systems used by the nutricosmeceutic industry is reviewed in this work. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Antioxidants and Cosmetics)

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