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Photosynthesis under Abiotic Stress
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Photosynthesis under Abiotic Stress

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Response to Abiotic Stress and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 4964

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mayank Anand Gururani

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Guest Editor
Biology Department, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
Interests: molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis; abiotic stress physiology
Dr. Jelli Venkatesh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant Science and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
Interests: identification of disease resistance genes using map-based cloning and candidate gene approaches; dissection of the stress tolerance mechanism and development of biotic and abiotic stress-tolerant crop plants using genetic engineering and genome editing tools
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a result of abiotic stress conditions, plants consistently suffer from several adverse effects, resulting in severe yield losses. Plant yield is directly affected by the decline in photosynthetic capacity caused by these stresses. In photosynthetic machinery, photosystem II (PSII) bears the brunt of abiotic stress. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by abiotic stresses can damage plants at various cellular levels as well as hinder the PSII damage–repair cycle. By altering photosynthetic redox signaling pathways and inhibiting PSII repair, ROS can damage the photosynthetic apparatus, resulting in photoinhibition. By understanding how plants adapt to protect their photosynthetic apparatus, it might be possible to develop crop plants with improved photosynthetic efficiency and higher yields. It is crucial to understand how protein kinases, transcription factors, and phytohormones regulate photosynthetic machinery responses to abiotic stress. Chlorophyll-a transient kinetics analysis, for example, has greatly facilitated our understanding of plant vitality and PSII efficiency under adverse environmental conditions. The purpose of this Special Issue is to showcase studies focused on the regulation of photosynthesis under abiotic conditions in higher plants and to provide novel information on this important topic.

Dr. Mayank Anand Gururani
Dr. Jelli Venkatesh
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • abiotic stress
  • chlorophyll-a fluorescence
  • hormones
  • light-harvesting complex
  • photosynthesis
  • photosystem II
  • reactive oxygen species

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3041 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Effects of Selenium and Brassinosteroids on Photosynthesis and Protein Expression Patterns in Tomato Plants under Low Temperatures
by Taiba Saeed, Tanveer Alam Khan, Aqeel Ahmad, Mohammad Yusuf, Sajeesh Kappachery, Qazi Fariduddin, Gaurav Mudgal and Mayank Anand Gururani
Plants 2023, 12(19), 3351; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12193351 - 22 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1219
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effects of low-temperature stress on two tomato cultivars (S-22 and PKM-1) treated with 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) and selenium (Se) by determining the changes in the proteomics profiles, growth biomarkers, biochemical parameters, and physiological functions. The growth parameters, photosynthetic [...] Read more.
This study aimed to assess the effects of low-temperature stress on two tomato cultivars (S-22 and PKM-1) treated with 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) and selenium (Se) by determining the changes in the proteomics profiles, growth biomarkers, biochemical parameters, and physiological functions. The growth parameters, photosynthetic traits, and activity of nitrate reductase in the S-22 and PKM-1 plants were markedly reduced by exposure to low temperatures. However, the combined application of EBL and Se under different modes significantly enhanced the aforementioned parameters under stress and non-stress conditions. Exposure to low temperatures increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase) and the proline content of leaves, which were further enhanced by treatment with Se and EBL in both varieties. This research sheds light on the potential for employing exogenous EBL and Se as crucial biochemical tactics to assist tomato plants in surviving low-temperature stress. Moreover, the differentially expressed proteins that were involved in plant metabolism following the combined application of EBL and Se under low-temperature stress were additionally identified. Functional analysis revealed that the Q54YH4 protein plays an active role against plant stressors. The conserved regions in the protein sequences were analyzed for assessing the reliability of plant responses against the external application of EBL and Se under low temperatures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photosynthesis under Abiotic Stress)
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17 pages, 3570 KiB  
Article
Effects of Seasonal Changes on Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Physiological Characteristics in the Two Taxus Species
by Tao Wang, Lingyu Li, Yalong Qin, Bo Lu, Donghuan Xu, Weibing Zhuang, Xiaochun Shu, Fengjiao Zhang, Ning Wang and Zhong Wang
Plants 2023, 12(14), 2636; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142636 - 13 Jul 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1247
Abstract
Taxus is a rare and endangered woody plant worldwide with important economic and ecological values. However, the weak environmental adaptability of Taxus species, in particular the unstable photosynthetic activity in different seasons, always affects its normal growth and development and limits its conservation [...] Read more.
Taxus is a rare and endangered woody plant worldwide with important economic and ecological values. However, the weak environmental adaptability of Taxus species, in particular the unstable photosynthetic activity in different seasons, always affects its normal growth and development and limits its conservation and exploitation. To improve the survival of Taxus trees in cultivated areas, the seasonal dynamics of chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) and key physiological parameters were comprehensively investigated in T. media and T. mairei. The results demonstrated that the photosynthetic activity of both Taxus species was sensitive to local summer and winter environmental conditions, with the heterogeneity of fluorescence signatures intuitively presented on the needle surface by CF-Imaging detection, while images of maximum quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) demonstrated values below 0.7 in the blue–green sectors in winter. The distribution of light energy was regulated by the photosynthetic apparatus in both Taxus species to maintain a stable actual quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (φPSII), which was around 0.4–0.5. Based on a redundancy discriminant analysis, the interpretation rate of light intensity and air temperature ranked as the top two in both Taxus species, which were considered the main environmental factors affecting the photosynthetic performance of Taxus by disturbing the electron transport chain. In the winter, T. mairei exhibited weaker electron transport activity than T. media, thus caused lower photochemistry and more severe photosynthetic damages. Interestingly, both Taxus species demonstrated consistent response patterns, including diverse energy dissipation strategies and enhancement of osmoregulatory substances and antioxidative activities, thus maintaining stable photosynthetic functions in response to environmental changes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photosynthesis under Abiotic Stress)
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Review

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17 pages, 1387 KiB  
Review
Impact of Exogenous Melatonin Application on Photosynthetic Machinery under Abiotic Stress Conditions
by Sameera Karumannil, Tanveer Alam Khan, Sajeesh Kappachery and Mayank Anand Gururani
Plants 2023, 12(16), 2948; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12162948 - 15 Aug 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 1942
Abstract
Inhospitable conditions that hinder plant growth and development encompass a range of abiotic stresses, such as drought, extreme temperatures (both low and high), salinity, exposure to heavy metals, and irradiation. The cumulative impact of these stresses leads to a considerable reduction in agricultural [...] Read more.
Inhospitable conditions that hinder plant growth and development encompass a range of abiotic stresses, such as drought, extreme temperatures (both low and high), salinity, exposure to heavy metals, and irradiation. The cumulative impact of these stresses leads to a considerable reduction in agricultural productivity worldwide. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a shared mechanism of toxicity induced by all these abiotic stimuli in plants, resulting in oxidative damage and membrane instability. Extensive research has shed light on the dual role of melatonin in plants, where it serves as both a growth regulator, fostering growth and development, and a potent protector against abiotic stresses. The inherent potential of melatonin to function as a natural antioxidant positions it as a promising biostimulant for agricultural use, bolstering plants’ abilities to withstand a wide array of environmental challenges. Beyond its antioxidant properties, melatonin has demonstrated its capacity to regulate the expression of genes associated with the photosynthetic process. This additional characteristic enhances its appeal as a versatile chemical agent that can be exogenously applied to plants, particularly in adverse conditions, to improve their resilience and optimize photosynthetic efficiency in every phase of the plant life cycle. An examination of the molecular mechanisms underlying the stress-protective effects of exogenous melatonin on the photosynthetic machinery of plants under various abiotic stresses is presented in this paper. In addition, future prospects are discussed for developing stress-tolerant crops for sustainable agriculture in challenging environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photosynthesis under Abiotic Stress)
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