Energies, Volume 13, Issue 18

Reducing energy usage to save the environment is one of the main goals for the future. The energy losses in ventilation have a huge impact on energy consumption in buildings. In this work, the energy performance of a heat recovery wheel system equipp...

Biomass from cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) is considered a renewable energy source that can be converted into alternative fuel. Calorific syngas, a promising type of advanced fuel, can be produced through thermochemical biomass gasification. In...

The 2018 IEEE International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application (ICHVE 2018) was organized by the National Technical University of Athens, Greece and endorsed by the IEEE Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation Society [...]

Energy transitions around the world will change the spatial fingerprint of the electricity sector, but there is a lack of studies on citizen preferences for siting the future mix of electricity technologies. Using the case of Switzerland in 2035, we...

This article presents a field test of how deep renovation affects indoor climate quality. The studied apartment building was built in 1968 and is located in Finland, within the Nordic climate zone. The deep renovation included façade repair wi...

Water vapor sorption in salt hydrates is a promising method to realize seasonal solar heat storage. Several of these materials have already shown promising performance for this application. However, a significant bottle neck for applications is the l...

In this paper, a peer-to-peer (P2P) renewable energy trading mechanism for microgrids when energy suppliers are equipped with storage devices is studied. A dynamic energy storage management strategy based on the local trading price is proposed and ea...

Wind power generation is one of the renewable energy generation methods which maintains good momentum of development at present. However, its extremely intense intermittences and uncertainties bring great challenges to wind power integration and the...

As the core equipment of a traction power supply system, the traction transformer is very important to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the system. At present, the three-ratio method is mainly used to distinguish transformer faults, whereas...

The effect of different supports such as silica (SBA-15), activated carbon (AC), and mesoporous alumina (Al₂O₃) on catalytic activities of hydrotreating nickel molybdenum (NiMo) catalysts was demonstrated for upgrading vacuum residue. Nitrogen adsorp...

Uncertainty of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions was analyzed using the parametric Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method and the non-parametric bootstrap method. There was a certain number of observations required of a dataset before GHG emissions reached...

The state-of-charge (SOC) is a fundamental indicator representing the remaining capacity of lithium-ion batteries, which plays an important role in the battery’s optimized operation. In this paper, the model-based SOC estimation strategy is stu...

The paper deals with the impact of the technological break duration during the cold storage cycle on the energy demand of the cold store for vegetables and fruit and the temperature distribution in the ground under the cold store. The studied facilit...

A significant growth in PV (photovoltaic) system installations have been observed during the last decade. The PV array has a nonlinear output characteristic because of weather intermittency. Partial shading is an environmental phenomenon that causes...

Unless humanity achieves United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030 and restores the relatively stable climate of pre-industrial CO₂ levels (as early as 2140), species extinctions, starvation, drought/floods, and violence will exacer...

Three-level neutral-point clamped cascaded converters (3LNPC-CC) are widely used in high power nigh-voltage applications. This paper mainly discusses the open-circuit fault in DC-side of the 3LNPC-CC. Optimized by the sequence pulse modulation, a seq...

Power-to-methane technology (P2M) deployment at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for seasonal energy storage might land on the agenda of decision-makers across EU countries, since large WWTPs produce a notable volume of biogas that could be inject...

The Air-conditioning System (ACS), used in office buildings in the hot summer and cold winter zone of China, are always operate intermittently. The dynamic thermal behaviors of building walls with real climate conditions may be different from those w...

Motor-driven equipment (ME) is one of the key components in an air-conditioning system, which contributes to the vast majority of the total energy consumption by air-conditioning systems. Distinguishing variable- and constant-speed equipment is impor...

In this paper a novel fault detection, isolation, and identification (FDI&E) scheme using a coupling diagnosis method with the integration of the model-based method and unsupervised learning algorithm is proposed and developed for monitoring gas...

The main objective of the paper is to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the level of energy poverty in Poland. In order to achieve such a goal, the first part of the article presents the definition of energy poverty and the nature of i...

Light-emitting diode (LED) digital twins enable the implementation of fast digital design flows for LED-based products as the lighting industry moves towards Industry 4.0. The LED digital twin developed in the European project Delphi4LED mimics the t...

The oxygen reduction reaction is an important reaction at the cathode in solid oxide fuel cells. Materials that exhibit high chemical and mechanical stability, high ionic and electronic conductivity, and are non-toxic are of great interest as cathode...

The purpose of the work is a comparison of indirect carbon dioxide emissions between the different heat pump types that operate in Polish climate conditions. The analysis embraces air-to-water heat pump, ground-to-water heat pump, water-to-water heat...

This work presents a validated workflow based on an algorithm developed in Grasshopper to parametrically control the building’s shape, by maximizing the solar irradiation incident on the building envelope and minimizing the embodied emissions....

Energy consumption is of great significance to the sustainable development of the economy. Due to the spatial heterogeneity of low-carbon growth in regional economies, the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth is complicated. Ho...

Wind energy is one of the fastest growing renewable energy sources, and the most developed energy extraction device that harnesses this energy is the Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT). Increasing the efficiency of HAWTs is one important topic in cu...

The increased integration of Electric Vehicles (EVs) into the distribution network can create severe issues—especially when demand response programs and time-varying electricity prices are applied, EVs tend to charge during the off-peak time to...

Forest biomass is and will remain a primary source of renewable energy in many EU countries in the coming years. The aim of this study was to determine the energy potential of forest biomass on a regional scale with regard to the needs of its inhabit...

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem plays an important role in power system operation and control. The problem is nonconvex and NP-hard, hence global optimality is not guaranteed and the complexity grows exponentially with the size of the system. Th...

Heat and fluid flow at the edge of steam chambers found in thermal recovery processes such as steam-assisted gravity drainage and cyclic steam stimulation remain unresolved. Given the multiple phases present and contrast of thermophysical properties,...

In this paper, coal gasification characteristics in the reductor were investigated in a full-scale two-stage pressurized entrained-flow gasifier, which has been seldom conducted previously. The present study aimed at elucidating the effects of gasify...

Primary energy consumption is one of the key drivers of global CO₂ emissions that, in turn, heavily depends on the efficiency of involved technologies. Either improvement in technology efficiency or the expansion of non-fossil fuel consumption requir...

Stepper motors are widely used in industrial and consumer applications due to low-cost, high reliability, and open-loop control capability. Though open-loop features a simple structure, it bears low step resolution, high torque ripple, and low energy...

One of the most interesting perspectives for the development of concentrated solar power (CSP) is the storage of solar energy on a seasonal basis, intending to exploit the summer solar radiation in excess and use it in the winter months, thus stabili...

Ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO) samples based on fertilizer (AN-F) and ammonium nitrate porous prill (AN-PP) were studied. Tests were carried out using both a thermogravimetric analyzer and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC). Furthermore, t...

Global warming represents a serious challenge, which requires the adoption of renewable energy technologies worldwide. However, it can negatively affect the availability of renewable energy resources, such as wind, which are needed for electricity ge...

The renewable biomass material obtained from rice husk, a low-cost agricultural waste, was used as a precursor to synthesize a highly porous graphene-based carbon as electrode material for supercapacitors. Activated graphene-based carbon (AGC) was ob...

Unconventional reservoirs produce large volumes of oil; however, recovery factors are low. While enhanced oil recovery (EOR) with cyclic gas injection can increase recovery factors in unconventional reservoirs, the mechanisms responsible for addition...

This paper presents a new approach method for online rotor and stator resistance estimation of induction motors using artificial neural networks for the sensorless drive. In this method, the rotor resistance is estimated by a feed-forward neural netw...

In the present study, a novel probabilistic approach is proposed to optimize a stand-alone hybrid wind-photovoltaic renewable energy system installed in the South China Sea. In detail, the probability distribution of power generated from a hybrid win...

The industry 4.0 concepts are moving towards flexible and energy efficient factories. Major flexible production lines use battery-based automated guided vehicles (AGVs) to optimize their handling processes. However, optimal AGV battery management can...

This study aimed to develop a new concept for an air terminal device for a VAV (variable air volume) ventilation system that would improve overall ventilation efficiency under a varying air supply volume. In VAV systems, air volume is modified accord...

To increase the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), significant efforts in terms of reducing the charging time are required. Consequently, ultrafast charging (UFC) stations require extensive investigation, particularly considering their higher power...

Configurations, coordinated controller design and applications of various off-grid systems with distributed energy resources (DERs) for an uninterrupted supply, are presented in this paper. The performances for the optimal operation of a diesel gener...

The transformation of the energy system is a highly complex process involving many dimensions. Energy system models help to understand the process and to define either target systems or policy measures. Insights derived from the social sciences are n...

This paper deals with the problem of the leakage inductance calculations in power transformers. Commonly, the leakage flux in the air zone is represented by short-circuit inductance, which determines the short-circuit voltage, which is a very importa...

A series of experimental coal pyrolysis studies were conducted to define the parameters of a kinetic model to enable complete mass and energy balances by identifying basic process products. The developed model determines the chemical enthalpy of pyro...

The interaction between natural gas and electricity networks is becoming more significant due to the projected large penetration of renewables into the energy system to meet the emission targets. This is due to the role of gas-fired plants in providi...

Building energy codes are key policy tools for improving building energy efficiency by defining the minimum requirement for the energy performance of new buildings. In Korea, the building energy code was focused on prescriptive criteria for a long ti...