Applied Sciences, Volume 10, Issue 21

Frequency multipliers and mixers based on Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) are widely used in terahertz (THz) imaging applications. However, they still face obstacles, such as poor performance consistency caused by discrete flip-chip diodes, as well as...

Globally there are several viable sources of renewable, low-temperature heat (below 130 °C), particularly solar energy, geothermal energy, and energy generated from industrial wastes. Increased exploitation of these low-temperature options has th...

The time gap between public announcement of a vulnerability—its detection and reporting to stakeholders—is an important factor for cybersecurity of corporate networks. A large delay preceding an elimination of a critical vulnerability pre...

In this study, the nanocomposite of g-C₃N₄ quantum dots/MnCO₃ on carbon cloth (q-MC//CC) is prepared via a simple hydrothermal method. The obtained q-MC//CC composite is employed for a flexible supercapacitor electrode. The g-C₃N₄ quantum dots could...

Several sources of bias are involved at each stage of a quantitative precipitation estimation process because weather radars measure precipitation amounts indirectly. Conventional methods compare the relative uncertainties between different stages of...

The paper presents an analysis of the performance of traction brushes produced from waste materials. Brushes are used to ensure good electrical contact between the rail and the pantograph. Slides are produced by the process of hot pressing, with the...

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) face challenges related to the reliability of the data exchanged and the unstability of the communication links. These shortcomings have hampered the development of the long-awaited applications that would turn road...

An off-axis system refers to an optical system in which the optical axis and the normal vector at the vertex of each surface do not match. An off-axis optical system can be applied in order to construct a thin and light optical system. In particular,...

For time domain transient electromagnetic measurement, the negative sign often appears in the polarization region, which contains the induced polarization information. It is considered that the polarization effect is caused by the capacitance charge...

A new bio-inspired meta-heuristic, called the micro artificial immune system (MAIS), has been developed in order to reduce the rates of pollution for a specific region of Mexico City through the optimization of vehicular flow. Simulation of urban mob...

We constructed a synchronized femtosecond optical laser system with spatiotemporal stabilization for pump-probe experiments at SPring-8 Angstrom Compact Free Electron Laser (SACLA). Stabilization of output power and pointing has been achieved with a...

Smart packaging is an emerging technology that has a great potential in solving conventional food packaging problems and in meeting the evolving packaged vegetables market needs. The advantages of using such a system lies in extending the shelf life...

In shallow aquatic environments, sediment is a significant source of monomethylmercury (MMHg) for surface water (SW). High-altitude aquatic ecosystems are characterized by extreme hydro-climatic constraints (e.g., low oxygen and high UV radiation). W...

In this paper, the dependence of the capacitance of lateral drain–substrate and source–substrate junctions on the linear size of the oxide trapped charge in MOSFET is simulated. It is shown that, at some range of linear sizes of the trapp...

Historical documents refer to records or books that provide textual information about the thoughts and consciousness of past civilisations, and therefore, they have historical significance. These documents are used as key sources for historical studi...

The Internet of Things uses low-power wireless communication for wireless connectivity and efficient energy. Low-power wireless communication is applied to IoT for wireless connection and efficient energy consumption in various areas such as wearable...

In order to maximize inventory benefits or minimize costs, reliability and cost of inventory control models need to be identified and analyzed. These importance measures are one important approach to recognize and evaluate system weaknesses. However,...

Renewable generation in power systems has proved to be challenging for system operators owing to the increasing levels of penetration. The operation of power systems currently requires additional flexibility and reserves due to the intermittency and...

This paper investigates for the first time how the implementation of semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-based devices in photonic networks can negatively impact the integrity of two-dimensional wavelength-hopping time-spreading (2D-WH/TS) optical...

Ghost imaging reconstructs the image based on the second-order correlation of the repeatedly measured light fields. When the observed object is moving, the consecutive sampling procedure leads to a motion blur in the reconstructed images. To overcome...

For high-speed train, balise transmission module (BTM) system is easily interfered with by other equipment of the train. This could cause the train to malfunction. Studying the electromagnetic susceptibility (EMS) of the BTM is very important for the...

This paper investigates the impact of thermal management methods on the design point and synthesis exchange rates of an ultra-high bypass ratio geared turbofan engine. In a typical thermal management system, where heat is managed by means of heat exc...

The advancement in digital image analysis methods has led to the development of various techniques, i.e., quantification of ballast gravel abrasion. In this study, the recognition rate of gravel aggregates has been significantly increased by improvin...

This work represents and reviews a compilation of investigations into improving anaerobic digestion performance of high-strength wastewater in the Australian Red Meat Processing industry. The industry produces significant quantities of organic-rich w...

In the construction industry, it is difficult to predict occupational accidents because various accident characteristics arise simultaneously and organically in different types of work. Furthermore, even when analyzing occupational accident data, it...

Two types of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), powder and liquid, were added to cementitious composites to build self-sensing concrete. To properly evaluate and quantify the effect of MWCNTs on electrical resistance, various tests, including is...

Innovative and sustainable energy technologies are needed in the transition of energy toward a circular economy. Because of the use of renewable energy and carbon utilization, power-to-gas could be a cutting-edge technology that supports the circular...

Ontology Matching (OM) is performed to find semantic correspondences between the entity elements of different ontologies to enable semantic integration, reuse, and interoperability. Representation learning techniques have been introduced to the field...

The strengthening intervention strategies that exist for masonry buildings are based on the use of thin composites and are a recent activity used in structural engineering. Nowadays, mortar matrices are frequently found instead of epoxy resins, since...

Electrical properties provide essential information for cancer detection and specific absorption rate (SAR) estimation. Magnetic resonance electrical properties tomography (MREPT) is an approach to retrieve the distribution of electrical properties....

This paper investigated the diffraction of a Gaussian laser beam on a binary mask and a refractive axicon. The principles of the formation of a zero-order Bessel beam with sharp drops of the axial field intensity edges were discussed. A laser optical...

Rectus femoris muscle strains are one of the most common injuries occurring in sports such as soccer. The purpose of this study was to describe the safety and feasibility of a combination of percutaneous needle electrolysis (PNE) and a specific rehab...

All complex projects take place in environments of great uncertainty. Maintaining a monitoring and control system from the early stages of execution is a critical factor in the success of this type of project. Large hydroelectric power station constr...

In this paper, a novel photonic scheme for the generation of square and triangular waveforms is proposed and experimentally demonstrated by using a dual-drive Mach–Zehnder modulator (DDMZM) without any optical signal processing. By properly set...

Ultra-short-term wind power prediction is of great importance for the integration of renewable energy. It is the foundation of probabilistic prediction and even a slight increase in the prediction accuracy can exert significant improvement for the sa...

The objective of the article involves examining the impact of the type of supporting steel truss on its reliability under the conditions of a fire. The paper uses the system reliability method. Its application was preceded by the identification of ki...

One of the key challenges for future communication systems is to deal with fast changing channels due to the mobility of users. Having a robust protocol capable of handling transmission failures in unfavorable channel conditions is crucial, but the f...

High energy demand is leading to the replacement of fossil energy with renewable sources such as solar energy. Solar cells are devices used to generate solar energy. However, when exposed to sunlight with high intensity, a solar cell can suffer a dec...

In this paper, we propose and explore a touch screen based interaction technique, called the “Blurry Touch Finger” for EasyVR, a mobile VR platform with non-isolating flip-on glasses that allows the fingers accessible to the screen. We de...

This study aims at characterizing crack types for reinforced concrete beams through the use of acoustic emission burst (AEB) features. The study includes developing a solid crack assessment indicator (CAI) accompanied by a crack detection method usin...

Soil moisture plays a significant role in surface energy balance and material exchange. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) provides a promising data source to monitor soil moisture. However, soil surface roughness is a key difficulty in bare soil moistur...

The increase in the performance and effectiveness of maintenance processes is a continuous aim of production enterprises. The elimination of unexpected failures, which generate excessive costs and production losses, is emphasized. The elements that i...

Vehicle dynamic management (VDM) is a vehicle chassis integrated control system based on electronic stability program (ESP) and continuous damping control (CDC) that has been developed in recent years. In this work, the ideal yaw angle rate and sides...

Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy is an orthopedic implant material possessing good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. An international standard suggests a heat treatment known as “capability aging” for this alloy. This s...

Current deep learning convolutional neural network (DCNN) -based hand gesture detectors with acute precision demand incredibly high-performance computing power. Although DCNN-based detectors are capable of accurate classification, the sheer computing...

The extended finite element method (XFEM) is efficient in simulating crack initiation and its evolution process for reinforced-concrete (RC) structures due to its ability to solve fracture problems. Moreover, the multiscale numerical simulation helps...

The impacts of anthropogenic land use and land cover (LULC) changes on the spatiotemporal distribution of precipitation in megacities have been highlighted in studies on urban climate change. In this study, we conducted a quantitative analysis of urb...

A string inverter converts the low voltage direct current coming from the string of its Photovoltaic (PV) panels into alternating current to be exported to the grid. In today Smart Grid’s context, PV plants feature clusters of cooperating smart...

A probabilistic seismic hazard assessment in terms of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and spectral acceleration (SA) values, for both 10% and 5% probability of exceedance in 50 years, has been performed for the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, and Bahrain...

In this work, experimental and numerical investigation on the deployment of solar panels with tape spring (TS) hinges showing complex nonlinear hysteresis behavior caused by the snap-through buckling was conducted. Subsequently, it was verified by co...