Mathematics, Volume 10, Issue 5

Trained professionals in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are needed for a robust, science-based economy that incorporates various technologies’ design, construction, and commercialization to address societal problems. H...

Many papers on fuzzy risk analysis calculate the similarity between fuzzy numbers. Usually, they use symmetric and reflexive similarity measures between parameters of fuzzy sets or “centers of gravity” of generalized fuzzy numbers represe...

Precise vertebrae segmentation is essential for the image-related analysis of spine pathologies such as vertebral compression fractures and other abnormalities, as well as for clinical diagnostic treatment and surgical planning. An automatic and obje...

We considered routing problems for plane graphs to solve control problems of cutting machines in the industry. According to the cutting plan, we form its homeomorphic image in the form of a plane graph G. We determine the appropriate type of route fo...

The problem transformation method is based on the idea that if we cannot solve the given problem directly, we will transfer it to a situation in which we know how to solve it. The basic feature of the method is the division of the problem into subtas...

Binary sequences are algebraic structures currently used as security elements in Internet of Things devices, sensor networks, e-commerce, and cryptography. In this work, a contribution to the evaluation of such sequences is introduced. In fact, we pr...

The objective is to study the evolution of different characteristics of a population through time. These response variables may be related for each experimental unit, and in addition, the observations for each response may as well be correlated with...

When pricing OTC contracts in the presence of additional risk factors and costs, such as credit risk and funding and collateral costs, the starting “clean price” is modified additively by valuation adjustments (XVAs) that account for each...

We propose a fast algorithm for computing optimal viscosities of dampers of a linear vibrational system. We are using a standard approach where the vibrational system is first modeled using the second-order structure. This structure yields a quadrati...

Proof, a key topic in advanced mathematics, also forms an essential part of the formal learning experience at all levels of education. The reason is that the argumentation involved calls for pondering ideas in depth, organizing knowledge, and compari...

Natural gas scarcity poses a significant risk to the global economy. The risk of production loss due to natural gas scarcity can be transferred to downstream economies through globalized supply chains. Therefore, it is important to quantify and analy...

In this work, we extend the formulation of the spatial-based graph convolutional networks with a new architecture, called the graph-informed neural network (GINN). This new architecture is specifically designed for regression tasks on graph-structure...

The occurrence of rockburst can cause significant disasters in underground rock engineering. It is crucial to predict and prevent rockburst in deep tunnels and mines. In this paper, the deficiencies of ensemble learning algorithms in rockburst predic...

We describe a general-purpose framework to design quantum algorithms. This framework relies on two pillars: a basic data structure called quantum matrix and a modular structure based on three quasi-independent modules. These latter include a loading...

This paper is aimed at the problem of scheduling surgeries in operating rooms. To solve this problem, we suggest using some variation of the bin packing problem. The model is based on the actual operation of 10 operating rooms, each of which belongs...

Pairs trading under the copula approach is revisited in this paper. It is well known that financial returns arising from indices in markets may not follow the features of normal distribution and may exhibit asymmetry or fatter tails, in particular. D...

In this paper, first we establish the explicit relation between 3-derivations and 3- automorphisms of a Lie algebra using the differential and exponential map. More precisely, we show that the Lie algebra of 3-derivations is the Lie algebra of the Li...

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic brought renewed attention to electronic voting—this time as a potential option to contain the spread during elections. One of the long unresolved topics with remote voting is the risk of voter’s coerc...

Multiphysics or multiscale problems naturally involve coupling at interfaces which are manifolds of lower dimensions. The block-diagonal preconditioning of the related saddle-point systems is among the most efficient approaches for numerically solvin...

In a real Hilbert space, we aim to investigate two modified Mann subgradient-like methods to find a solution to pseudo-monotone variational inequalities, which is also a common fixed point of a finite family of nonexpansive mappings and an asymptotic...

The images in high resolution contain more useful information than the images in low resolution. Thus, high-resolution digital images are preferred over low-resolution images. Image super-resolution is one of the principal techniques for generating h...

In the paper, we consider a ring structure on the Cartesian product of two sets of integer multisets. In this way, we introduce a ring of integer multinumbers as a quotient of the Cartesian product with respect to a natural equivalence. We examine th...

Given a triangular mesh, we obtain an orthogonality-free analogue of the classical local Zlámal–Ženišek spline procedure with simple explicit affine-invariant formulas in terms of the normalized barycentric coordinates of the...

This paper investigates the questions about the local dynamics in the neighborhood of the equilibrium state for the spatially distributed delay logistic equation with diffusion. The critical cases in the stability problem are singled out. The equatio...

In this paper, we establish the unique existence and some decay properties of a global solution of a free boundary problem of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations in $L_p$ in time and $L_q$ in space framework in a uniformly $H_{\infty }^2$ domain $\&Om$...

In this study, an efficient localized method of fundamental solution (LMFS) is applied to nonlinear heat conduction with mixed boundary conditions. Since the thermal conductivity is temperature-dependent, the Kirchhoff transformation is used to trans...

By introducing a switching scheme related to the state and time, a typical switched model alternating between a Duffing oscillator and van der Pol oscillator is established to explore the typical dynamical behaviors as well as the mechanism of the sw...

The Tsallis entropy is an extension of the Shannon entropy and is used extensively in physics. The cumulative residual Tsallis entropy, which is a generalization of the Tsallis entropy, plays an important role in the measurement uncertainty of random...

Countries’ economic policies, such as tariff barriers, have a profound impact on the global economy and international trade. The imposition of tariffs seriously disturbs the global trade and supply chain operations. This paper studies a supply...

The purpose of this work was to conduct a numerical examination of mixed convective heat transfer in a three-dimensional triangular enclosure with a revolving circular cylinder in the cavity’s center. Numerical simulations of the hybrid Fe₃O₄/M...

In this paper, we give some remarks on the recent papers on generalized F-contractions. Our results unify and generalize the previous results in the existing literature. Moreover, we give an example to support our results. As an application, we give...

In this paper, we study the existence of solutions to a fractional $(p, q)$-difference equation equipped with separate local boundary value conditions. The uniqueness of solutions is established by means of Banach’s contraction mapping princ...

In this study, isothermal compression tests of highly ductile AZ31-0.5Ca Mg alloys were conducted at different strain rates (0.001–0.1 s⁻¹) and temperatures (423–523 K) along with extruded direction. The flow stress characteristics...

The purpose of this article is to solve the problem of determining the cost of a water resource for the participants of the water-economic complex (WEC) on the basis of the optimal control of hydro power plants’ (HPP) functioning, taking into a...

Variable selection is often needed in many fields and has been discussed by many authors in various situations. This is especially the case under linear models and when one observes complete data. Among others, one common situation where variable sel...

Clustering aims at discovering the natural groupings in a dataset, prevalent in many disciplines that involve multivariate data analysis. In this paper, we propose a physically inspired graph-theoretical clustering method, which first makes the data...

Hyper-graphs offer the opportunity to formulate logical statements about their components, for example, using Horn clauses. Several models of Information Systems can be represented using hyper-graphs as the workflows, i.e., the business processes. Du...

Multilevel converters have been broadly used in wind energy conversion systems (WECS) to set the generator angular speed to a certain value, which allows maximizing wind power extraction; nevertheless, power that is drawn out from WECS strongly depen...

Let $\{{\xi }_i:i\ge 1\}$ be a sequence of independent, identically distributed (i.i.d. for short) centered random variables. Let $S_n={\xi }_1+\cdots +{\xi }_n$ denote the partial sums of $\{{\xi }_i\}.$ We show that sequence $\{{\displaystyle \frac{1}{n}}\underset{1\le k\le n}{max}|S_k|:n\ge 1\}$ satisfies the la...

Optimization problems become increasingly complicated in the era of big data and Internet of Things, which significantly challenges the effectiveness and efficiency of existing optimization methods. To effectively solve this kind of problems, this pa...

This work will address the problem of estimating the parameters for the Nadaraj ah–Haghighi (NH) distribution using progressive Type-1 censoring (PT1C) utilizing Bayesian and non-Bayesian approaches. To apply PT1C, censoring times for each stag...

In this paper, the authors established several new inequalities of the Beesack–Wirtinger type for different kinds of differentiable convex functions. Furthermore, we generalized our results for functions that are n-times differentiable convex....

The immune system is the body’s defense against pathogens, which are complex living organisms found in many parts in the body including organs, tissues, cells, molecules, and proteins. When the immune system works properly, it can recognize and...

In this paper we give a new refinement of the Lah–Ribarič inequality and, using the same technique, we give a refinement of the Jensen inequality. Using these results, a refinement of the discrete Hölder inequality and a refinement of...

Extreme multistability has frequently been reported in autonomous circuits involving memory-circuit elements, since these circuits possess line/plane equilibrium sets. However, this special phenomenon has rarely been discovered in non-autonomous circ...

We consider the inverse problem of reconstructing the boundary curve of a cavity embedded in a bounded domain. The problem is formulated in two dimensions for the wave equation. We combine the Laguerre transform with the integral equation method and...

This note tackles the equivalence problem between the fractional and integer order diffusion models. Unlike existing approaches, the existence of a unique integral transformation mapping the solution of the integer order model to a solution of the fr...

Single-sample face recognition is a very challenging problem, where each person has only one labeled training sample. It is difficult to describe unknown facial variations. In this paper, we propose a shared generative adversarial network (SharedGAN)...

A secret sharing scheme allocates to each participant a share of a secret in such a way that authorized subsets of participants can reconstruct the secret, while shares of unauthorized subsets of participants provide no useful information about the s...

We consider Fourier multiplier systems on ${\mathbb{R}}^n$ with components belonging to the standard Hörmander class $S_{1,0}^m\left({\mathbb{R}}^n\right)$, but with limited regularity. Using a notion of parameter-ellipticity with respect to a subsector $\mathrm{\Lambda }\subset \mathbb{C}$ (introduced by Denk,...