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Eng. Proc., 2024, IEEE ICEIB 2024

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9 pages, 568 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Transcendental Equations for Nonlinear Optimization in Hyperbolic Space
by Pranav Kulkarni and Harmanjot Singh
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074001 - 26 Aug 2024
Viewed by 99
Abstract
We present a novel application of transcendental equations for nonlinear distance optimization in hyperbolic space. Through asymptotic approximations using Fourier and Taylor series expansions, we obtain approximations for the transcendental equations with non-zero real values on the boundary λ. The series expansion of [...] Read more.
We present a novel application of transcendental equations for nonlinear distance optimization in hyperbolic space. Through asymptotic approximations using Fourier and Taylor series expansions, we obtain approximations for the transcendental equations with non-zero real values on the boundary λ. The series expansion of the logarithmic form of our equations around two arbitrary points P1 and P2 can be used to find values close to definite coordinates on λ. Applying principles from the Poincaré hyperbolic disk—a non-Euclidean space with constant negative curvature—we construct optimization methods following λ of our transcendental equations. Full article
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7 pages, 184 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Motivated Learning Strategies and Critical Thinking: Evaluating the Effectiveness of WebQuest-Based EFL Teaching in Taiwanese Higher Education
by Ruei-Teng Hung, Hsin-Yi Liao, Kate Tzu-Ching Chen and Yun-Sin Chuang
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074002 - 26 Aug 2024
Viewed by 68
Abstract
We delved into the various studying approaches adopted through a survey of 56 undergraduates majoring in English using the WebQuest platform. How eagerly the students participated in learning with Pintrich’s Motivated Strategies was investigated. In the survey, a questionnaire was created and used [...] Read more.
We delved into the various studying approaches adopted through a survey of 56 undergraduates majoring in English using the WebQuest platform. How eagerly the students participated in learning with Pintrich’s Motivated Strategies was investigated. In the survey, a questionnaire was created and used as an assessment tool. In the course structure, the WebQuest methodology was used, supplemented by the Learning Object Review Instrument. The participants employed critical thinking abilities more regularly than effort-based tactics with WebQuest interactions. This demonstrates a direct link between the study approaches employed and the student’s motivation. The results have significant implications for educators, signifying that motivated studying in the WebQuest framework boosts the effectiveness of technology-assisted foreign language learning. Full article
10 pages, 648 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
To Satisfy or Clarify: Enhancing User Information Satisfaction with AI-Powered ChatGPT
by Chung Jen Fu, Andri Dayarana K. Silalahi, I-Tung Shih, Do Thi Thanh Phuong, Ixora Javanisa Eunike and Shinetseteg Jargalsaikhan
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074003 - 26 Aug 2024
Viewed by 19
Abstract
The effective use of AI-powered ChatGPT in higher education highlights its potential as a knowledge acquisition tool, yet it brings to the fore the less-explored area of user information satisfaction (UIS), a gap addressing the development of the UIS model tailored to ChatGPT. [...] Read more.
The effective use of AI-powered ChatGPT in higher education highlights its potential as a knowledge acquisition tool, yet it brings to the fore the less-explored area of user information satisfaction (UIS), a gap addressing the development of the UIS model tailored to ChatGPT. In this foundational research grounded in UIS theory, a model was proposed based on critical factors to guide educational stakeholders in investigating issues such as plagiarism and ethical use. By analyzing responses from a diverse group of Indonesian users employed in higher education and using Structural Equation Modeling with Smart-PLS 4.0, we identified five key determinants: completeness, precision, timeliness, convenience, and format. The determinants affect user satisfaction, while traditionally emphasized factors such as accuracy and reliability do not significantly impact the academic utilization of ChatGPT. The results advocate for reliance on ChatGPT with limitations in regard to accuracy and suggest a change in the academic use of technology. The results also offer a perspective that blends theoretical innovation with practical application in educational settings. Full article
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7 pages, 957 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
The Effect of Auditory Perceptual Training by Online Computer Software on English Pronunciation
by Ching-Wen (Felicia) Wang
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074004 - 26 Aug 2024
Viewed by 68
Abstract
Pronunciation is crucial to L2 learning. However, achieving speech proficiency is difficult. Class time constraints make demonstration–imitation pronunciation teaching methods less effective, even after repeated practice. Research suggests that pronunciation involves motor control, that auditory preparation enhances accuracy, and that learners produce more [...] Read more.
Pronunciation is crucial to L2 learning. However, achieving speech proficiency is difficult. Class time constraints make demonstration–imitation pronunciation teaching methods less effective, even after repeated practice. Research suggests that pronunciation involves motor control, that auditory preparation enhances accuracy, and that learners produce more accurate pronunciation after perceiving accurate target sounds. This study proposes that the perception of accurate L2 target sounds will enhance pronunciation. To test this concept, the study employed online auditory training tasks for English learners enrolled at a private university in Taiwan. The results showed that auditory teaching results in positive learning outcomes. Full article
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7 pages, 1011 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Performance of Green Industrial Estate: A Review
by Ikse Duma Alriansyach, Christiono Utomo, Yani Rahmawati and Aqsha Aqsha
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074005 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 88
Abstract
Green industrial estates are implemented for sustainable development in the industrial sector. The industrial sector is a large consumer of energy and resources and produces pollutants. Environmentally friendly development in industrial estates is important in encouraging environmentally friendly production and ecological civilization as [...] Read more.
Green industrial estates are implemented for sustainable development in the industrial sector. The industrial sector is a large consumer of energy and resources and produces pollutants. Environmentally friendly development in industrial estates is important in encouraging environmentally friendly production and ecological civilization as a strategic key to economic and social growth. This is an important basis for assessing the performance of green industrial estates. Research on green buildings in industrial estates has been conducted widely, including reviewing the performance of developing green industrial estates and using various methods. This research aims to determine research methods on the performance of green industrial estates using a literature review in reputable journals from 2014 to 2023. A mapping diagram was used to classify research types and data sources. The results showed that many researchers examined the performance of green industrial estates by reviewing environmental and economic aspects, and few researchers reviewed social aspects. Apart from these aspects, in reviewing the aspects of the performance of green industrial estate, researchers used modeling and case studies. The result of this research provides a reference for choosing the right method for assessing the performance of green industrial estates in future research. Full article
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9 pages, 3100 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
COVID-19 Data Analysis and Computation with Urban Structure Consideration
by Ryota Goto and Ari Aharari
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074006 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 90
Abstract
In early 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 brought a global pandemic, challenging healthcare systems worldwide and prompting countries to implement various measures to contain the spread. These measures, while necessary, led to significant socioeconomic disruptions. One of the most pressing concerns was the [...] Read more.
In early 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 brought a global pandemic, challenging healthcare systems worldwide and prompting countries to implement various measures to contain the spread. These measures, while necessary, led to significant socioeconomic disruptions. One of the most pressing concerns was the strain on healthcare systems, which caused shortages of medical supplies, hospital beds, and healthcare personnel. This raised the prospect of a healthcare system collapse. Using data analysis, we studied how to understand the dynamics of COVID-19 transmission in the context of urban structures, focusing on preventing healthcare system collapse. Full article
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8 pages, 758 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Emotional Reactivity and Dysregulation and Problematic Internet Use on Twitter
by Esther Andangsari, Trisa Putri, Shavina Ghaisani, Moondore Ali, Greta Paramita and Ade Kemala
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074007 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 116
Abstract
Social media users can experience Problematic Internet Use (PIU) in the form of psychological problems, such as loneliness, social anxiety, and depression. They tend to have antecedents in the form of emotional dysregulation and reactivity, making them easily respond to stimuli on social [...] Read more.
Social media users can experience Problematic Internet Use (PIU) in the form of psychological problems, such as loneliness, social anxiety, and depression. They tend to have antecedents in the form of emotional dysregulation and reactivity, making them easily respond to stimuli on social media that cause stress. This study aims to prove that emotional dysregulation and reactivity are precursors of PIU for social media users. With 307 Twitter users as the participants of this study, three proposed hypotheses were tested, and the results showed that emotional dysregulation causes PIU, with emotional reactivity as a mediator. Full article
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12 pages, 1395 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Strategy of Phytoremediation for Sustainable Use of Arsenic-Rich Farmland
by Chang-Chao Chen, Min-Siou Lin, Pei-Cheng Cheng, Chin-Yuan Huang and Shu-Fen Cheng
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074008 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 75
Abstract
Arsenic-rich groundwater causes arsenic accumulation in arable soils for irrigation. For such arsenic-contaminated farmland, phytoremediation is a feasible method in terms of cost and maintenance of soil. We studied arsenic-rich farmland planted with maize, Rotala rotundifolia, and the arsenic super-accumulating plant Pteris [...] Read more.
Arsenic-rich groundwater causes arsenic accumulation in arable soils for irrigation. For such arsenic-contaminated farmland, phytoremediation is a feasible method in terms of cost and maintenance of soil. We studied arsenic-rich farmland planted with maize, Rotala rotundifolia, and the arsenic super-accumulating plant Pteris vittata and explored the arsenic absorption capacity of these plants to assess the effect of phytoremediation on arsenic-contaminated farmland. The arsenic removal by Pteris vittata was about 200 mg/m2 y. It would take about 90 years to reduce the soil arsenic below the regulatory standard of 60 mg/kg using Pteris vittata. Planting maize removed about 25.5 mg/m2 y of arsenic, and the arsenic concentration of the maize kernels was less than 0.2 mg/kg on a dry basis. It was below the standards of the animal food and human consumption limit. Pteris vittata needs to be planted first to rapidly reduce the bioavailable arsenic concentration in the soil. Subsequent planting of maize for remediating the soil while producing corn enables the sustainable production and utilization of farmland. Full article
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6 pages, 384 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Information Technology-Integrated Curriculum and Distance Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic in Preschool
by Yu-Fang Huang and Poh-Hwa Liang
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074009 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 80
Abstract
This study aims to investigate how preschool teachers integrated information technology into the curriculum before the pandemic and implemented distance education during the pandemic in Taiwan. We used a qualitative research method in which four preschool teachers and four parents participated. The following [...] Read more.
This study aims to investigate how preschool teachers integrated information technology into the curriculum before the pandemic and implemented distance education during the pandemic in Taiwan. We used a qualitative research method in which four preschool teachers and four parents participated. The following research results are presented: (1) preschool teachers’ implementation of the information technology-integrated curriculum before the pandemic, (2) preschool teachers’ implementation of distance education during the pandemic, and (3) parents’ views on the implementation of the information technology-integrated curriculum and distance learning. Full article
12 pages, 17123 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Two Faces of Grassland: A Comparative Study on the Impact of Tourism Development Model on Grassland Environment
by Jing Wang and Shu-Chen Tsai
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074010 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 70
Abstract
With the boom in outdoor recreational activities in Inner Mongolia, grassland protection has become significant, but the impact of different tourism models on the grassland environment has received little attention. The purpose of this study was to explain the impact of different tourism [...] Read more.
With the boom in outdoor recreational activities in Inner Mongolia, grassland protection has become significant, but the impact of different tourism models on the grassland environment has received little attention. The purpose of this study was to explain the impact of different tourism development models on the grassland environment from a local perspective through small-scale case studies. We took two types of grasslands as objects: the scenic grassland led by developers and the natural grassland led by herdsmen. The study results showed the following: (1) there are four types of tourism development models in the research area; (2) three factors that affect model development are physical geography, seasonality, and policy; and (3) herders emphasized the risks of grassland under climate change. Finally, the main factor that divides the grassland into two appearances is the formalization of tourism content. The concentration of livestock impacts the tourism model. The optimized tourism model was small-scale grassland ecotourism, which best integrated culture and development potential. Full article
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6 pages, 672 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Mandarin Learners’ Use Perceptions of AI-Based Native Speaker Online Discussion Forums
by Jureynolds
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074011 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 75
Abstract
Current developments in language learning technology can connect native speakers to an artificial intelligence (AI)-based discussion forum for foreign language learning; HiNative is an application that answers the problems of foreign language learners by providing a discussion forum with answers that AI and [...] Read more.
Current developments in language learning technology can connect native speakers to an artificial intelligence (AI)-based discussion forum for foreign language learning; HiNative is an application that answers the problems of foreign language learners by providing a discussion forum with answers that AI and native speakers double-check. This research was conducted on 56 respondents. In this study, portability, application usability, and interaction with native speakers were examined. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method. Mandarin learners responded positively to the portability of the HiNative application. Connections between native speakers assisted by AI increase the motivation of Mandarin language learners. Full article
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5 pages, 1697 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Bitcoin Cycle through Markov Regime-Switching Model
by Yi-Chun Shih, Wen-Tsung Huang and Pao-Peng Hsu
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074012 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 74
Abstract
We analyzed Bitcoin’s cyclical patterns used by the Markov regime-switching model and explored the impacts of inflation and the US Dollar Index on Bitcoin’s cyclicality. The results showed Bitcoin’s cyclical pattern, the effects of the US dollar index and VIX on Bitcoin’s cyclical [...] Read more.
We analyzed Bitcoin’s cyclical patterns used by the Markov regime-switching model and explored the impacts of inflation and the US Dollar Index on Bitcoin’s cyclicality. The results showed Bitcoin’s cyclical pattern, the effects of the US dollar index and VIX on Bitcoin’s cyclical pattern, and how the US dollar index and VIX affect BTC’s structural changes in Bitcoin. Full article
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7 pages, 544 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Framework for Optimizing the Operation and Maintenance of Bridges
by Areej AlBanwan
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074014 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 102
Abstract
Ensuring the safety and reliability of bridges through the implementation of cost-effective asset management strategies is crucial for sustaining a resilient transportation infrastructure network. Thus, the utilization of structural health monitoring (SHM) was investigated to enhance the operation and maintenance of bridges, with [...] Read more.
Ensuring the safety and reliability of bridges through the implementation of cost-effective asset management strategies is crucial for sustaining a resilient transportation infrastructure network. Thus, the utilization of structural health monitoring (SHM) was investigated to enhance the operation and maintenance of bridges, with a focus on best practices and strategic implementation. Specifically, this study aimed to explore methods that leverage SHM to enhance bridge-asset management practices. The existing literature on bridge asset management was used as a foundation for identifying the value of SHM in bridge operation and maintenance. While the general literature on SHM and asset management is extensive, very few studies effectively linked these two domains. By conducting a comprehensive review of relevant studies and successful integration cases, the results of this study offered the appropriate application of SHM in bridge asset management. The processes observed were then integrated into a strategic framework, serving as a practical guide for managers seeking to implement SHM effectively in bridge asset management, particularly during the operation and maintenance phase of the bridge lifecycle. Full article
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9 pages, 56292 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
The Influence of Nudges on Workers’ Safety Behavior in the Construction Industry
by Tzu-Lien Tzou, Pin-Chan Lee and Tzu-Ping Lo
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074015 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 14
Abstract
The nudge theory has been applied to improve safety behavior in various industries. We implemented the nudge theory in the construction industry to improve worker safety. Nudges for construction safety were grouped into three categories and used in a project. The application of [...] Read more.
The nudge theory has been applied to improve safety behavior in various industries. We implemented the nudge theory in the construction industry to improve worker safety. Nudges for construction safety were grouped into three categories and used in a project. The application of nudges improved workers’ safety behavior, particularly in highlighting control measures. The background analysis results reveal that the implementation of nudges did not vary by gender, nationality, or age, demonstrating its high universality. The results of this study offer a reference for stakeholders in the construction industry who are aiming to bolster worker safety. Full article
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10 pages, 905 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Contractor Perceptions of Off-Site Modular Construction in Kuwait: An Investigation of Current Practices
by Areej AlBanwan, Nourah AlMutawaa and Abdullah AlFoudari
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074016 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 67
Abstract
Kuwait faces a pressing challenge in expanding its existing buildings to meet growing demands. The rising popularity of modular construction systems, with their off-site construction approach, offers promising solutions. In this research, we explored the characteristics of Kuwait’s modular construction industry, including clients’ [...] Read more.
Kuwait faces a pressing challenge in expanding its existing buildings to meet growing demands. The rising popularity of modular construction systems, with their off-site construction approach, offers promising solutions. In this research, we explored the characteristics of Kuwait’s modular construction industry, including clients’ awareness levels, preferences, and key motivations for adopting modular construction over the traditional construction approach. This research addressed a critical gap in the current literature by providing an outlook on Kuwait’s modular construction industry, which has been notably absent in existing literature. Valuable insights gained through questionnaire surveys distributed to industry contractors highlighted the off-site construction methods used, the sectors they serve, and the key advantages of using modular construction in Kuwait. These findings contribute to researching unexplored aspects of modular construction in Kuwait. They also provide stakeholders with valuable insights, enabling them to make well-informed decisions for their construction projects. Full article
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9 pages, 1354 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Impacts of Architectural Sights on Anxiety Relief in a High-Density City
by Yung-Chia Chiu, Ming-Chyuan Ho, Jui-Che Tu and Yi-Jhen Jhuang
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074017 - 28 Aug 2024
Viewed by 67
Abstract
Due to rapid urbanization, high-density cities have become a dominant human habitat, and sustainable urban development has become a key concept in urban governance. Thus, it is important to understand the impact of visual elements in urban architecture on stress to make accurate [...] Read more.
Due to rapid urbanization, high-density cities have become a dominant human habitat, and sustainable urban development has become a key concept in urban governance. Thus, it is important to understand the impact of visual elements in urban architecture on stress to make accurate and practical planning and strategies for healthy and sustainable living environments. We examined the designs and features of building facades that alleviate stress and identified measuring metrics for stress relief in viewers. We selected 20 Taiwanese-style public buildings for the examination. To understand the relationship between architecture and stress relief, 70 participants were interviewed in a semi-structured method after showing images of the 20 buildings. We used the semantic differential method and a 7-point image scale to rate stress relief from various architectural styles. The participants found the use of multiple materials or lighting in public buildings interesting but not stress-relieving. A greater amount of cooler and heavier materials made of iron in the building exterior increased stress. This finding offers insights into planning and developing sustainable and psychologically supportive urban environments. Full article
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10 pages, 4214 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Color Images in Architecture for Stress-Relief
by Yung-Chia Chiu, Ming-Chyuan Ho, Jui-Che Tu and Zhi-Xuan Yang
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074018 - 28 Aug 2024
Viewed by 76
Abstract
The emotional responses and perceptual preferences of individuals for urban public spaces are shaped by their interactions with the physical environment. Emotions and perceptions are inextricably linked, forming the basis of people’s spatial experience. For instance, the presence of dense city buildings can [...] Read more.
The emotional responses and perceptual preferences of individuals for urban public spaces are shaped by their interactions with the physical environment. Emotions and perceptions are inextricably linked, forming the basis of people’s spatial experience. For instance, the presence of dense city buildings can result in feelings of crowding and friction. By improving the urban landscape, it is possible to reduce the stress experienced by citizens. In this study, architectural styles and building facade colors were examined to explore design approaches and features of stress-relieving building facades and identify metrics that measure participants’ stress-relief when viewing buildings. The color of 600 buildings in Japan and Taiwan was analyzed to understand stress-relief from architecture. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 70 participants who viewed images of 30 buildings. The semantic differential method with a seven-point image scale was employed to assess the stress-relieving potential of different architectural styles and colors. The findings of this study indicated that participants perceived that architectural colors influenced feelings of relief. Additionally, they anticipated variations in architectural colors contingent on architectural usage patterns. To substantiate this observation, three principles—city image, identity, and spiritual atmosphere—were identified as fundamental elements in designing cities for livability. The three principles are illustrated by several case studies for a detailed understanding of their applicability in biodesign practices. Full article
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8 pages, 1717 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Gait Analysis and Fall Risk Assessment in Different Age Groups: A Comparative Study
by Thanaporn Sukpramote and Wongwit Senavongse
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074019 - 28 Aug 2024
Viewed by 17
Abstract
Daily walking reflects the quality of life concerning physical status and its association with the risk of falls. Abnormal walking can lead to injuries and increase the likelihood of future falls. It has been found that older adults are more prone to falls [...] Read more.
Daily walking reflects the quality of life concerning physical status and its association with the risk of falls. Abnormal walking can lead to injuries and increase the likelihood of future falls. It has been found that older adults are more prone to falls than younger persons. However, there is limited research on gait analysis in older adults. Thus, we analyzed gait parameters, involving 10 participants aged between 20 and 30 years old, and 10 participants aged 50 years and older, using the Gait Analysis System (LONGGOOD Meditech Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan), which automatically positions the human body and GaitBEST. GaitBEST is used for analyzing and calculating key timing points and displacement values from the Kinect detector as it captures the location of joint points and adjusts them to the program. After the gait testing, the result is displayed immediately. Each volunteer did not have any surgery that impacted their walking and signed a written informed consent statement before the study. The volunteers walked on a straight flat surface for 4.2 m, repeating the walking test five times at a self-determined comfortable speed. Subsequently, a comparative analysis of the gait parameter outcomes was performed using a parametric test by a t-test. The results showed the balance parameters of both groups significantly differed in the head sway range (p = 0.008), head tilt range (p = 0.018), and pelvis tilt range (p = 0.003). The younger group exhibited better postural control than the other group. The spatiotemporal parameters, stride length, and step length during walking were also significantly different at p = 0.001. This indicated that the older group had shorter lengths compared to the other group, leading to a significant difference in the percentage of falls and functional loss at p = 0.021 and 0.023, respectively. The result of this study assists in examining and assessing the physical condition, preventing falls, optimizing walking efficiency, preventing injuries, and reducing the falling risk. Full article
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7 pages, 2961 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Preliminary Study on Image Captioning for Construction Hazards
by Wen-Ta Hsiao, Wen-Der Yu, Tao-Ming Cheng and Alexey Bulgakov
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074020 - 28 Aug 2024
Abstract
Construction accidents are a major contributor to occupational fatalities. To tackle this issue, improved monitoring for hazard elimination is crucial. By introducing a deep-learning image captioning system, we identified hazards via closed-circuit television in construction sites. By leveraging Inception-v3 for feature extraction and [...] Read more.
Construction accidents are a major contributor to occupational fatalities. To tackle this issue, improved monitoring for hazard elimination is crucial. By introducing a deep-learning image captioning system, we identified hazards via closed-circuit television in construction sites. By leveraging Inception-v3 for feature extraction and the gated recurrent unit for caption generation, real-time hazard monitoring was enabled. Bilingual evaluation understudy scores were determined for continuous and effective hazard detection, helping construction managers enhance safety. Full article
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9 pages, 1358 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Application of Multi-Diamond Processing Model to Hairstyling
by Shih-Wen Hsiao and Yu-Jie Tsai
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074021 - 28 Aug 2024
Viewed by 7
Abstract
In 2003, the British Design Council advocated for strategic design and its management. They researched ways to create a universal framework for describing the design process and came up with the Double Diamond Model, which became a part of the universal design language. [...] Read more.
In 2003, the British Design Council advocated for strategic design and its management. They researched ways to create a universal framework for describing the design process and came up with the Double Diamond Model, which became a part of the universal design language. The Double Diamond Model applies to innovation and problem-solving involving divergence and convergence at four stages: Discover, Define, Develop, and Deliver. Continuous divergence, convergence, and iteration are necessary at each stage of the design process. Therefore, we reinterpreted design process methods to optimize and apply the entire design process in various fields. A case study applying the Multi-Diamond Model to users’ experiences during a hairstyling appointment was conducted to understand user needs and behavioral differences. Users’ behaviors and their understanding of hairstyling were analyzed by employing the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to choose hairstyles that were suitable for various face shapes at different perceived difficulty levels. Full article
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5 pages, 415 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Antibacterial and Thermal Insulated Property of Sputtered Copper/Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide Films
by Shang-Chou Chang and Jian-Syun Wu
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074022 - 28 Aug 2024
Viewed by 2
Abstract
Recent developments in architectural materials emphasize the importance of antibacterial and thermal insulation functions due to the prevalence of diseases such as COVID-19 and influenza. There is a growing expectation for the implementation of constructed glass that possesses antibacterial properties. Low-emissivity (Low-E) glass, [...] Read more.
Recent developments in architectural materials emphasize the importance of antibacterial and thermal insulation functions due to the prevalence of diseases such as COVID-19 and influenza. There is a growing expectation for the implementation of constructed glass that possesses antibacterial properties. Low-emissivity (Low-E) glass, known for its ability to reduce infrared radiation penetration through windows, is a focal point of our ongoing research. In this study, we continued our preliminary investigations into the development of Low-E glass by preparing copper/aluminum-doped zinc oxide (Cu/AZO) films on glass substrates through in-line sputtering. Copper was incorporated to provide antibacterial functionality, while aluminum-doped zinc oxide was chosen for its high visible optical transmission, which is crucial for architectural glass, and its low electrical resistivity indicative of thermal insulation properties. A vacuum annealing process was subsequently applied to the Cu/AZO films on glass. The evaluation of these films involved measuring electrical resistivity that correlates with emissivity, as well as assessing average visible transmission and antibacterial effectiveness according to the JIS Z2801:2000 standard. The results of these tests reveal that the vacuum-annealed Cu/AZO films on glass exhibited commendable antibacterial and thermal insulation properties. Specifically, the antibacterial index (R) was determined to be 8.75; the emissivity, calculated from the measured electrical resistivity, was found to be 0.18; and the average visible transmission was recorded at 52.78%. These findings underscore the potential of Cu/AZO films in advancing the functionality of architectural glass. Full article
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7 pages, 362 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
The Relationship between the Risk of Sarcopenia in the Elderly and Autonomic Nervous System Balance
by Chih-Wei Lin, Chih-Chien Lin, Chi-Pei Ou Yang, Su-Shiang Lee, Tso-Yen Mao and Hsuan-Lin Chen
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074023 - 29 Aug 2024
Viewed by 15
Abstract
Elderly people with sarcopenia experience symptoms related to dysfunction in the autonomic nervous system (ANS), including rapid or irregular heartbeat, dizziness, and fluctuations in blood pressure. These symptoms may be a result of immune system activation and the impact of the disease, leading [...] Read more.
Elderly people with sarcopenia experience symptoms related to dysfunction in the autonomic nervous system (ANS), including rapid or irregular heartbeat, dizziness, and fluctuations in blood pressure. These symptoms may be a result of immune system activation and the impact of the disease, leading to alterations in certain aspects of ANS regulation. There is limited research that discusses the relationship between these factors. Therefore, we investigated the correlation between the risk of sarcopenia and the balance of the autonomic nervous system. The participants included 87 females and 25 males aged between 60 and 79 years old, who were assessed for sarcopenia risk including walking speed, grip strength, muscle mass, and the Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Index (ASM). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlations. The results showed the following: (1) Individuals at a high risk of sarcopenia displayed a slightly greater degree of autonomic nervous system imbalance compared to those at low risk. (2) In the time-domain analysis, sympathetic nervous system activity was higher in males than in females, whereas parasympathetic nervous system activity exhibited the opposite trend. In the frequency-domain analysis, heart rate variability was higher in females than in males, and both genders met the criteria for sarcopenia risk assessment. (3) There were no significant differences in heart rate variability indices among different sarcopenia risk groups. (4) Different levels of sarcopenia risk showed a significant correlation with ANS. Individuals at a higher risk demonstrated an imbalance, while those at a lower risk displayed a more balanced state. Overall, the results of this study confirmed the correlation between sarcopenia risk and heart rate variability among the elderly, further emphasizing the importance of the autonomic nervous system in sarcopenia risk. Full article
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6 pages, 1218 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Screening and Isolation of Microbes for Promoting Humification of Agricultural Organic Wastes
by Kai-Siang Chen, Sheng-Chin Hu, Pin-Chen Yeh, Jia-Xiang You and Rey-May Liou
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074024 - 29 Aug 2024
Viewed by 7
Abstract
Agroecosystems play a crucial role in carbon sequestration and reducing atmospheric CO2 emissions by storing organic carbon in soil. Soil fertility and productivity are essential for global crop demands and depend on soil organic matter, particularly humic substances (HS). HS is crucial [...] Read more.
Agroecosystems play a crucial role in carbon sequestration and reducing atmospheric CO2 emissions by storing organic carbon in soil. Soil fertility and productivity are essential for global crop demands and depend on soil organic matter, particularly humic substances (HS). HS is crucial for soil health and carbon sequestration as it involves the carbon cycle, supplies nutrients for plants, and reduces the emission of pollutants through microbial processes for the enhancement of CO2 sequestration. Humification is a natural process of organic matter stabilization, playing a crucial role in maintaining soil organic content and carbon storage. Laccase is used to polymerize monomeric compounds such as phenols and their derivatives into highly polymerized HS. We screened five cellulose-degrading isolates, among which three strains demonstrate lignin-degrading capabilities. WSC-7 exhibited the highest laccase activity and showed a high similarity [99.51%] to Arthrobacter defluvii based on 16S rDNA analysis. Strain LiPK-078-5 in nutrient broth medium and WSC-7 in Difco Sporulation Medium exhibited optimal catalytic activity for catechol, indicating their efficiency for aromatic polymerization of soluble organic carbon. The addition of rice husk biochar with strains LiPK-078-5, WSC-6, and WSC-7 increased organic carbon content effectively. The synthesis of humic substances in soil through microbial processes increases soil carbon sequestration and reduces greenhouse gas emissions in the environment. Full article
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7 pages, 325 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Character Building Education through Personalized Programs and E-Learning by Computer Software: A Case Study of Larantuka East Nusa Tenggara in Indonesia
by Isna Fachrur Rozi Iskandar, Meitty Josephin Balontia, Hari Sriyanto and Jimmy Sapoetra
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074025 - 29 Aug 2024
Abstract
The Indonesian government prioritizes development in the 3T regions: frontier, outermost, and least-developed areas, which are vital for holistic progress. Aligned with the Golden Generation program, it emphasizes education, tech access, and entrepreneurship to empower youth against societal challenges. Larantuka, in East Nusa [...] Read more.
The Indonesian government prioritizes development in the 3T regions: frontier, outermost, and least-developed areas, which are vital for holistic progress. Aligned with the Golden Generation program, it emphasizes education, tech access, and entrepreneurship to empower youth against societal challenges. Larantuka, in East Nusa Tenggara of Indonesia, exemplifies local maritime culture’s influence and the need for personalized e-learning which is rooted in tradition. Qualitative research was conducted and identified two key factors: content reflecting collective memory and offline accessibility. Local culture alongside formal education fosters character building and lifelong learning by integrating theoretical teachings with practical applications, based on the cultural value of “gotong royong” (mutual cooperation). This approach ensures that Indonesia’s cultural heritage thrives amidst educational progress. Full article
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8 pages, 1825 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Environmental Movement Regardless of Nationality: International Students’ Attitude toward Environmental Protection and Environmental Awareness in Taiwan
by Kai-Fu Yang, Pei-Rong Liu, Yu-Han Zheng, Yu-Jie Peng, Hai-Yan Wang and Yi-Fang Huang
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074026 - 29 Aug 2024
Abstract
In recent years, environmental pollution has become a global concern, but most of the attention has been paid to the impact of garbage pollution on the oceans, and the pollution of mountain areas has rarely been a concern. However, the amount of garbage [...] Read more.
In recent years, environmental pollution has become a global concern, but most of the attention has been paid to the impact of garbage pollution on the oceans, and the pollution of mountain areas has rarely been a concern. However, the amount of garbage in the mountains is also considerable. Therefore, in order to make students pay more attention to the issue of environmental protection, we promoted environmental education and increased environmental awareness to encourage green behavior for the goal of environmental sustainability. Foreign students have a better understanding of environmental protection through mountain cleaning, improve their knowledge of garbage sorting, and work together to protect our environment. Full article
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6 pages, 726 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Using Magnetic Board Media as Complementary Media for Preschoolers’ Online Mandarin Learning
by Jureynolds Jureynolds and Danielle Crescentia
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074027 - 29 Aug 2024
Abstract
This research aimed to determine the effect of a magnetic board as an accompaniment to online Mandarin learning and for learning motivation. A one-equivalent control group research model was used. The control and experimental groups of five preschoolers and five accompanying parents participated [...] Read more.
This research aimed to determine the effect of a magnetic board as an accompaniment to online Mandarin learning and for learning motivation. A one-equivalent control group research model was used. The control and experimental groups of five preschoolers and five accompanying parents participated in this research. Data were collected using observation and interviews conducted for one month. The magnetic board media increased student motivation with an increase of 81.42%. The role of companions was essential in implementing online learning with physical learning media. Full article
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8 pages, 1294 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Benefits of Improving Urban Park Playground Facilities through Inclusive Design Concept Using Computer Software
by Jung-Hua Wu, Sheng-Jung Ou, Wei-Chieh Yeh and Huang-Liang Lee
Eng. Proc. 2024, 74(1), 4013; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2024074013 - 28 Aug 2024
Viewed by 80
Abstract
For inclusive design, we conducted the Taichung Melody Project to enhance the urban park’s children’s playground in terms of inclusivity and user-friendliness. The post-occupancy evaluation was used for Sanxin Park to analyze the improvement effect and the satisfaction degree with the park facilities, [...] Read more.
For inclusive design, we conducted the Taichung Melody Project to enhance the urban park’s children’s playground in terms of inclusivity and user-friendliness. The post-occupancy evaluation was used for Sanxin Park to analyze the improvement effect and the satisfaction degree with the park facilities, park sensory, and park management. The purpose of park use directly impacted sensory satisfaction and management satisfaction. The research results can be used as a reference for future key projects of park playground improvement. Full article
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