Wireless sensor networks deployed in energy-constrained environments face critical challenges relating to sustainability and protection. This paper introduces an innovative blockchain-powered safe energy-swapping protocol that enables sensor nodes to...
In a blockchain network, a rule set called consensus mechanism is used to create and finalize a block. In a proof-of-stake (PoS), consensus-based blockchain network, nodes become validators, minters, or stakeholders’ nodes to complete the conse...
Blockchain technology is a sustainable technology that offers a high level of security for many industrial applications. Blockchain has numerous benefits, such as decentralisation, immutability and tamper-proofing. Blockchain is composed of two proce...
This paper presents a framework that integrates blockchain-enabled Federated Learning (FL) with consensus mechanisms to mitigate poisoning attacks in healthcare environments. The framework incorporates blockchain consensus mechanisms, with Proof-of-W...
Blockchain technology has been gaining great interest from a variety of sectors including healthcare, supply chain, and cryptocurrencies. However, Blockchain suffers from a limited ability to scale (i.e., low throughput and high latency). Several sol...
On 15 September 2022, the Ethereum network adopted a proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus mechanism. We study the impact on the network and competing platforms in a two month event window around the Beacon chain merge. We find that the transition to PoS ha...
Blockchain technology has a wide range of applicability in the fields of transportation infrastructure construction and maintenance, transportation big data analysis and application, expressway toll collection, and logistics. The core technology lies...
The market for non-fungible token (NFT) art is expected to reach USD 44.2 billion in 2021 and increase by 67.57 percent in 2022, revolutionizing the relationship between artists, collectors, and investors. Despite this, concerns regarding the environ...
Wireless technologies now take every part of one’s everyday life. As such, it will be no longer a surprise if a blockchain system is composed of wirelessly connected nodes. However, wireless communication is known for its inherent unreliability...
The transition from centralized power systems to decentralized infrastructures with a high share of renewable energy sources calls for reliable settlement in P2P electricity trading across “smart” regions. Blockchain platforms can enhance...
Traditional blockchain consensus mechanisms, such as Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS), face significant challenges related to the centralisation of validators and miners, environmental impact, and trustworthiness. While PoW is highly secu...
Blockchain technology is a decentralized and secure paradigm for data processing, sharing, and storing. It relies on consensus protocol for all decisions, which focuses on computational and resource capability. For example, proof of work (PoW) and pr...
Blockchain consensus mechanisms are fundamental to the security and decentralization of distributed ledgers. In Proof-of-Stake (PoS) systems, which are lauded for their energy efficiency, the fair and unpredictable selection of block proposers is par...
Blockchain consensus mechanisms play a critical role in ensuring the security, decentralization, and integrity of distributed networks. As blockchain technology expands beyond cryptocurrencies into broader applications such as supply chain management...
Following the stablecoin legislation (GENIUS Act) enacted under the second Trump administration in 2025, blockchain has become core digital economy infrastructure. However, privacy risks from decentralization and transparency constrain adoption in re...
To be a stakeholder/validator/token holder is not so difficult in the Proof of Stake (POS)-based blockchain networks; that is why the number of validators is large in these networks. These validators play an essential part in the block creation proce...
This research presents an innovative blockchain-based solution for the charging and energy trading of electric vehicles (EVs). By combining the strengths of two prominent consensus mechanisms, Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS), the propose...
Blockchain technology is gaining a lot of attention in various fields, such as intellectual property, finance, smart agriculture, etc. The security features of blockchain have been widely used, integrated with artificial intelligence, Internet of Thi...
The integration of distributed data storage, P2P networks, consensus mechanisms, cryptography and other technologies, the application of blockchain technology has expanded from the initial financial field to many other areas, such as logistics and au...
Blockchain systems have been widely adopted in today’s society, with consensus algorithms serving as their core component to ensure all participants in the network agree on a specific data state. Existing consensus algorithms such as Proof of W...
Industrial companies can use blockchain to assist them in resolving their trust and security issues. In this research, we provide a fully distributed blockchain-based architecture for industrial IoT, relying on trust management and reputation to enha...
The Proof of Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism is increasingly used in blockchain systems; however, resource allocation for PoS-based mobile blockchain networks remains underexplored, particularly given the constraints of mobile devices. This work intr...