Cancers, Volume 14, Issue 9

The surgical specificities of advanced low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSOC) have been little investigated. Our objective was to describe surgical procedures/complications in primary (PDS) compared to interval debulking surgery (neoadjuvant chem...

Background: Considerable efforts have been carried out over the past 30 years to support patients with advanced cervical cancer. Throughout this time, Eastern European countries have been left aside from the decision-making groups on this matter, hen...

We investigated whether long-term exposure to calcium channel blockers (CCBs) is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (BCa). We designed a nested case–control study based on data from the Clalit electronic database, the largest Is...

Randomized-controlled trials have shown clear evidence that lung cancer screening with low-dose CT in a high-risk population of current or former smokers can significantly reduce lung-cancer-specific mortality by an inversion of stage distribution at...

The hypomethylating agents, decitabine (DEC) and azacitidine (AZA), allowed more elderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients to be treated. However, there are little direct comparative data on AZA and DEC. This multicenter retrospective study compa...

Ensartinib (X-396) is a promising second-generation small-molecule inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) that was developed for the treatment of ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer. Preclinical and clinical trial results for ensartinib sh...

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide; it has a high mortality rate, particularly in East Asia. Recently, genetic events (e.g., mutations and copy number alterations) and molecular signaling associated with histologically di...

Through stromal-epithelial interactions, carcinoma associated fibroblasts (CAF) play a critical role in tumor growth and progression. Activation of erythrophoyetin-producing human hepatocellular (Eph) receptors has been implicated in cancer. Eph rece...

Under cellular distress, multiple facets of normal homeostatic signaling are altered or disrupted. In the context of the immune landscape, external and internal stressors normally promote the expression of natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) liga...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in incidence rate and second in mortality rate of malignancy worldwide, and the diagnosis and therapeutics of it remain to be further studied. With the emergence of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and potential peptides de...

Treatment success of head and neck cancer (HNC) is still hampered by tumor relapse due to metastases. Our study aimed to identify biomarkers by exploiting transcriptomics profiles of patient-matched metastases, primary tumors, and normal tissue mucos...

Background: Radiotherapy plays an essential role in the treatment of oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC). The aim of this study was to assess and compare the nutritional status (NS) of patients with HPV-related (HPV+) and non-HPV-related (HPV-) OPC before...

Background: Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is the most common form of metastasis in gastric cancer (GC) and is related with a poor prognosis. Several treatment modalities including systemic chemotherapy and intraperitoneal chemotherapy have been stud...

Interactions between the immune system and the nervous system are crucial in maintaining homeostasis, and disturbances of these neuro-immune interactions may participate in carcinogenesis and metastasis. Nerve endings have been identified within soli...

The comorbidity burden is an important risk factor for overall survival (OS) in several hematological malignancies. This observational prospective study was conducted to evaluate the impact of individual comorbidities on survival in a multicenter ser...

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of rare neoplasms of mature T cells or natural killer (NK) cell. PTCLs usually have an aggressive course and a poor outcome. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the know...

Pain, fatigue, and depression are a common cluster of symptoms among cancer patients that impair quality of life and daily activities. We aimed to evaluate the burden of cancer rehabilitation and return-to-work (RTW) rates. Tumor characteristics, lif...

Background: Treatment with thoracic irradiation for classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) leads to improved survival but also increases the risk of cardiovascular events. Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction is usually assessed by echocardiographic left ventri...

Ewing sarcoma (EwS) is an aggressive primary bone cancer in children and young adults characterized by oncogenic fusions between genes encoding FET-RNA-binding proteins and ETS transcription factors, the most frequent fusion being EWSR1-FLI1. We show...

In order to prevent anastomotic leakage (AL) following rectal surgery, various solutions—such as intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) angiography and transanal drainage tubes (TDT)—have been proposed. This study investigated the relatio...

Lymph node invasion in prostate cancer is a significant prognostic factor indicating worse prognosis. While it significantly affects both survival rates and recurrence, proper management remains a controversial and unsolved issue. The thorough evalua...

The main hallmarks of cancer include sustaining proliferative signaling and resisting cell death. We analyzed the genes of the WNT pathway and seven cross-linked pathways that may explain the differences in aggressiveness among cancer types. We divid...

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy represent important treatment modalities for head and neck cancer. Rhinosinusitis and smell alterations are common side effects in the sinonasal region. This review will summarize and analyze our current knowledge of the...

Background: This study aimed to systematically review the existing literature on uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) to provide information about characteristics and outcomes of patients and the risk factors for recur...

Cancer has been considered the pathology of the century and factors such as the environment may play an important etiological role. The ability of muscarinic agonists to stimulate growth and muscarinic receptor antagonists to inhibit tumor growth has...

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive and lethal malignant neoplasms, ranking in seventh place in the world in terms of the incidence of death, with overall 5-year survival rates still below 10%. The knowledge about PC pathomechanisms...

Backgrounds: There are scarce data on whether immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) increase the risk of cardiac dysfunction when used with cardiotoxic agents. Thus, we evaluated cardiac dysfunction in patients with sarcoma receiving doxorubicin with o...

Screening for prognostic biomarkers is crucial for clinical melanoma management. Insulin-like growth factor-II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3) has emerged as a potential melanoma diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. It is commonly tested by immunohi...

A crucial issue in radical radiation therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer is how to define the clinical target volume (CTV). Although the scope of microscopic extension (ME) and microscopic proximal bronchial extension (PBE) from a primary tumor sh...

Great improvement has been made in the diagnosis and therapy of breast cancer patients. However, the identification of biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, therapy assessment and monitoring, including drug resistance and the early detection of...

Rare congenital aneuploid conditions such as trisomy 13, trisomy 18, trisomy 21 and Klinefelter syndrome (KS, 47,XXY) are associated with higher susceptibility to developing cancer compared with euploid genomes. Aneuploidy frequently co-exists with c...

Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer, the number of which is increasing worldwide every year. It is completely curable in its early stage and fatal when spread to distant organs. In addition to new therapeutic strategies, biomarkers are an imp...

CXCR4 is a G-Protein coupled receptor that is expressed nearly ubiquitously and is known to control cell migration via its interaction with CXCL12, the most ancient chemokine. The functions of CXCR4/CXCL12 extend beyond cell migration and involve the...

Complete surgical resection of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) has been suggested as the only potentially curative treatment. A proportion of these tumors will present late during disease progression, and invade or encase surrounding vascula...

Background: We compared multimodality treatment (MMT, defined as robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), with or without adjuvant radiotherapy (RT)) vs. ADT alone in oligometastatic prostate cancer (OPC) p...

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal malignancy of the female reproductive tract. A healthy ovary expresses both Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ). Given that ERα is generally considered to promote cell surviva...

TRIM/RBCC are a large family of proteins that include more than 80 proteins, most of which act as E3 ligases and catalyze the direct transfer of Ubiquitin, SUMO and ISG15 on specific protein substrates. They are involved in oncogenesis processes and...

Extrachromosomal circular DNA has emerged as a frequent genomic alteration in tumors. High numbers of circular DNAs correspond to poor prognosis suggesting an important function in tumor biology. However, despite mounting evidence supporting the impo...

The dynamic changes in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) triggered by neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have not been clearly defined in advanced-stage ovarian cancer. We analyzed the immunologic changes induced by NAC to correlate them with clin...

The global burden of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers is expected to increase. Therefore, it is vital that novel biomarkers useful for the early diagnosis of these malignancies are established. A growing body of data has linked secretion of proteolytic...

The effects of the LDH-A depletion via shRNA knockdown on three murine glioma cell lines and corresponding intracranial (i.c.) tumors were studied and compared to pharmacologic (GNE-R-140) inhibition of the LDH enzyme complex, and to shRNA scrambled...

Lymphoma with secondary central nervous system (CNS) involvement represents one of the most aggressive malignancies, with poor prognosis and high mortality. New diagnostic tools for its early detection, response evaluation, and CNS relapse prediction...

The most widely accepted hypothesis for the development of glioblastoma suggests that glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) are crucially involved in tumor initiation and recurrence as well as in the occurrence of chemo- and radio-resistance. Mesenchym...

Three murine glioma cell lines (GL261, CT2A, and ALTS1C1) were modified to downregulate the expression of the murine LDH-A gene using shRNA, and compared to shRNA scrambled control (NC) cell lines. Differences in the expression of LDH-A and LDH-B mRN...

Background: The aim of surgery for skull base meningiomas is maximal resection with minimal damage to the involved cranial nerves and cerebral vessels; thus, implementation of technologies for improved orientation in the surgical field, such as neuro...

To investigate useful cytological features for differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), this study cytologically compared HCC to ICC using image analysis software. Touch smear specimens of su...

Background: The morphologic distinction between thymic carcinomas and thymomas, specifically types B3, A, and occasionally micronodular thymomas with lymphoid stroma (MNTLS) can be challenging, as has also been shown in interobserver reproducibility...

The impact of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on clinical outcomes with first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with metastatic melanoma was previously analyzed in the phase II study, CheckMate 069. This retrospective analysis utiliz...

Controversy persists regarding metformin’s role in cancer therapy. Our recent work suggested metformin acts by impacting the tumor microenvironment (TME), normalizing the epigenetic profile of cancer-associated mesenchymal stem cells (CA-MSC)....

Oxidative phosphorylation is an active metabolic pathway in cancer. Atovaquone is an oral medication that inhibits oxidative phosphorylation and is FDA-approved for the treatment of malaria. We investigated its potential anti-cancer properties by mea...