Cells, Volume 14, Issue 20

Reliable methods for the isolation and culture of human eccrine sweat gland cells (SGCs) are essential for studying glandular biology and developing tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESs) that restore full skin function. However, maintaining the g...

Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, yet effective cardioprotective strategies remain limited in clinical settings. Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB) has emerged as a promising therapeutic candidate in...

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common malignancies in women worldwide. Its progression involves a cascade of processes, including proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis. Each stage is regulated by specific signaling p...

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide and remains a significant cause of cancer-related mortality. Alcohol consumption is linked to an increased risk of several cancers and is a controversial risk factor for developin...

Pathological vascular remodeling—central to restenosis, atherosclerosis, and vasculo-proliferative diseases—depends on the phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from a quiescent, contractile state to a synthetic, pr...

Tau was initially identified as a microtubule-binding protein critical for microtubule stabilization. It is also a pathological hallmark of tauopathies, a group of neurodegenerative diseases that include Alzheimer’s disease. Under pathological...

Chronic wounds (CWs) represent a growing global health concern with profound clinical and socioeconomic implications. Studies indicate that approximately 15% of CWs remain unhealed one year after the initial treatment. At the same time, it is assumed...

Recently, we observed that pars planitis (PP) patients present alterations in peripheral blood (PB) Th17/Treg associated with dysregulation in the Th1 response. Yet, little is known about the systemic distribution of myeloid cells, which drive the re...

Receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) activation by hyperglycemia-induced AGE (advanced glycation end-products) accumulation is likely to play a crucial role in the development of complications such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DP...

Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) exhibit remarkable self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential, necessitating tight regulation of gene expression at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Among post-transcriptional mechanisms, RN...

Previous studies have demonstrated that melatonin (MLT) enhances boar sperm motility by modulating energy metabolism status, yet the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study aims to investigate whether sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a key...

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are unipotent germline cells with emerging pluripotent potential under specific in vitro conditions. Understanding their capacity for reprogramming and the molecular mechanisms involved offers valuable insights into r...

Brucellosis remains one of the most significant zoonotic diseases, posing a serious threat to both human health and livestock. This issue is particularly relevant for Kazakhstan, which is among the countries endemic for brucellosis with a high incide...

In poultry production, the laying rate is a critical economic trait, as high egg production significantly enhances profitability. Mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 3 (MK3) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (M...

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs), particularly types 16 and 18, drive carcinogenesis by rewiring host metabolism and mitochondrial function. The oncoproteins E5, E6, and E7 collectively induce mitochondrial fragmentation, increase reactive oxy...

Glutamate receptors represent a potential target for neuroprotection in neurodegenerative neurological conditions. Perampanel, a non-competitive α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptor (AMPAR) antagonist, is clinically approv...

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are highly conserved molecular chaperones that play a key role in maintaining protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, especially under stressful environmental conditions such as hyperthermia, hypoxia, or the presence of react...

PITPNM3 has been identified as a crucial gene associated with various phenotypes of retinal disease in humans; however, detailed mechanisms through which PITPNM3 mutations result in these conditions are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed t...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder marked by chronic inflammation of small synovial joints, with frequent extra-articular involvement of the skin and eyes. Prolonged methotrexate therapy for RA is often accompanied by serious...

Propiconazole (PRO), a triazole fungicide, controls fungal diseases by disrupting ergosterol production in fungal cells. It is used in crops such as cereals and fruits. However, there are concerns regarding its potential to disrupt the endocrine syst...

Adult cardiomyocytes (CMs) lose their proliferative capacity shortly after birth, posing a major challenge for cardiac repair following injury such as myocardial infarction (MI). Despite significant advances over the past decade, many strategies for...

Understanding how HIV-1 pathogenesis affects systemic and TB specific immunity in the setting of latent (LTBI+) compared to active TB infection could provide actionable insights for the prevention of reactivation. Fifty HIV-seronegative and 112 HIV-1...

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is attributed to complex pathophysiological mechanisms that surpass the traditional risk factors. Emerging evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunct...

Oncolytic viruses represent an emerging class of therapeutic agents that have the potential to transform the care of patients with melanoma. In this narrative review, we describe the evolution of oncolytic virus approaches. We begin by describing ear...

Virotherapy is a promising method for treating oncological diseases, including such aggressive and difficult-to-treat brain tumors such as glioblastoma. Recombinant vaccinia virus VV-GMCSF-Lact has previously shown high antitumor potential against tu...

Focused ultrasound-stimulated microbubble (MB + FUS) therapy is a promising radiation enhancement strategy, utilizing vascular disruption to enhance radiation efficacy. However, its mechanistic effects in large tumour volumes and clinical translatabi...

Enteroviruses (EVs), particularly those within the species Enterovirus A and B, represent a significant global public health burden, especially in infants and young children. While often causing self-limiting hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), cer...

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a relatively rare bone malignancy that primarily affects children and young adults and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Cisplatin is a mainstay of treatment, but its efficacy is limited by off-target toxici...

The cochlea is susceptible to damage from ototoxic agents such as cisplatin, yet the mechanisms underlying cochlear injury remain incompletely understood. Mast cells (MCs), key immune players in allergic and inflammatory responses, have recently been...

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Telomere maintenance enables unlimited cell proliferation by counteracting telomere erosion. While the majority of tumors activate telomerase, a significant subset—approximately 10–15%—utilizes alternative lengthening of telomeres (...

The heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-3 (SDC3) is a critical regulator of cell–matrix interactions. While other syndecan family members contribute to the progression of multiple cancers, SDC3’s functional contributions to tumor biology remain lar...

Pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D) disrupts musculoskeletal development during critical windows of growth, puberty, and peak bone mass accrual. Beyond classic micro- and macrovascular complications, accumulating evidence shows a dual burden of diabetic...

Skeletal muscle homeostasis is dependent on the satellite cell pool, which is regulated by numerous signaling pathways. Estradiol (E2) function via estrogen receptor alpha (ERα, Esr1) plays an important role in satellite cell regulation in fema...

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR-α, PPAR-δ, and PPAR-γ) are transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Upon activation by specific lipids, they regulate gene expression by dir...

RNA modifications comprise a core epigenetic dimension of gene regulation; among these, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and 5-methylcytosine (m5C) have been most intensively investigated. While the functions of m6A in stem cell biology have been well charac...

People with HIV (PWH) are at an increased risk for AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AIDS-NHL); however, the immune signatures underlying this risk are not well understood. In this study, we utilized mass cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) to an...

Osteoarthritis (OA) lacks disease-modifying therapies, in part because key features of the joint microenvironment remain underappreciated. One such feature is localized acidosis, characterized by sustained reductions in extracellular pH within the ca...

The primary cilium is generally viewed as a sensory organelle that transduces chemical and mechanical stimuli from the environment. In the adult hippocampus, primary cilia mediate the effects of sonic hedgehog (Shh) and other signals on neurogenesis...

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), defined for its lack of expression/amplification of three major receptors, makes up ~15% of all BC cases but a majority of all BC deaths. TNBC has been found to be the most immune-rich among BC subtypes, and prog...

Two-dimensional cell cultures are crucial research tools, and they have been widely used, although they are not completely representative of biological processes in vivo due to the lack of tissue architecture and complexity. Recent advances in organo...

Breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA1) is a tumor suppressor gene essential for DNA repair, and its mutations are linked to aggressive breast cancers with poor prognosis. While poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors benefit some patients with BRCA1-mut...

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, which encodes a cAMP-activated chloride channel essential for epithelial function. Beyond its canonical role, evidence suggests CFTR also influences mitochon...

Recent technological breakthroughs have enabled multidimensional phenotyping, with unprecedented single-cell resolution and genome-wide coverage, across multiple osteoarthritis (OA)-relevant tissues, such as articular cartilage, synovium, infrapatell...

Objectives: Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a rare cancer that often develops after a decades-long latency period and confers a grim prognosis. Novel, biomarker-based therapeutic modalities are expected to improve the outcome of patients with advanced P...

Air–liquid interface (ALI) cultures offer a physiologically relevant in vitro model of the airway epithelium (AE), capable of recapitulating key structural and functional features observed in vivo. In this study, we established and validated a...

N-terminal acetylation, catalyzed by N-terminal acetyltransferase (NAT) complexes, is one of the most prevalent protein modifications in eukaryotic cells, yet its role in heart development remains poorly understood. Here, we use Drosophila as an in v...

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are progressive, life-threatening vascular disorders characterized by focal dilation of the abdominal aorta due to chronic weakening of the arterial wall. The condition often remains asymptomatic until rupture, which...

β-thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder caused by mutations in the β-globin (HBB) gene, leading to reduced or absent β-globin production, resulting in chronic anemia. While current therapies, including blood transfusions and hemat...

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inflammasome signalling are intercon-nected processes which underpin tumour progression, metastasis, and therapeutic re-sistance. Inflammasomes such as NLRP3 encourage pro-inflammatory states (IL-1β, I...