2021 February - 164 articles
Volcanic ash clouds often become multilayered and thin with distance from the vent. We explore one mechanism for the development of this layered structure. We review data on the characteristics of turbulence layering in the free atmosphere, as well a...
The intensity and structure of simulated tropical cyclones (TCs) are known to be sensitive to the planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterization in numerical weather prediction models. In this paper, we use an idealized version of the Hurricane Weat...
Poor air quality inside museums is one of the main causes influencing the state of conservation of exhibits. Even if they are mostly placed in a controlled environment because of their construction materials, the exhibits can be very vulnerable to th...
One of the central problems in large cities is air pollution, mainly caused by vehicular emissions. Tropospheric ozone is an atmospheric oxidizing gas that forms in minimal amounts naturally, affecting peoples’ health. This pollutant is formed by the...
In the atmosphere, aerosols play an important role in climate change, the Earth’s environment and human health. The purpose of this study is to investigate the direct and semi-direct aerosol effects on weather forecasting, focusing on the Iberian Pen...
This study presents the PM10 concentration, respiratory and cardiovascular disease hospital admissions evolution in the Ciuc basin for a period of 9 years (2008–2016), taking into consideration different meteorological conditions: boundary layer, lif...
Background and Aims: Ambient particulate matter (PM) is causing respiratory symptoms of individuals at all ages and reducing their lung functions. These individuals could develop chronic pulmonary disease. Recent studies have shown that short-term ex...
While atmospheric deposition plays a vital role in cleaning air pollutants, it also supplies toxic heavy metals and metalloids (MMs) to the receiving terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and threatens human health through food chains. To characterize t...
Eddy covariance (EC) systems are being used to measure sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LE) fluxes in order to determine crop water use or evapotranspiration (ET). The reliability of EC measurements depends on meeting certain meteorological assumpt...
Ozone (O3) pollution has become the major new challenge after the suppression of PM2.5 to levels below the standard for the Pearl River Delta (PRD). O3 can be transported between nearby stations due to its longevity, leading stations with a similar c...
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are widely measured at ppb and ppt level in many contexts, from therapeutic drug control in respiratory diseases to monitoring of climate change and indoor air quality. The need for accuracy is a common denominator i...
The chemical and optical properties and sources of atmospheric PM2.5 humic-like substances (HULIS) were investigated from October to December 2016 in both industrial and suburban areas in Changzhou, China, during polluted and fair days. The average P...
The French West Indies are periodically affected by North African dust episodes (NADE) resulting in PM10 concentrations exceeding air quality standards. The aim of the present study was to decipher the PM10 chemical profile during NADE over Guadeloup...
The grid size resolution effect on the annual and seasonal simulated mean, maximum and minimum daily temperatures and precipitation is assessed using the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting model (ARW-WRF, hereafter WRF) that dynamical...
Numerous studies have revealed that the sparse spatiotemporal distributions of ground-level PM2.5 measurements affect the accuracy of PM2.5 simulation, especially in large geographical regions. However, the high precision and stability of ground-leve...
A method for the large-eddy simulation (LES) of wildfire spread over complex terrain is presented. In this scheme, a cut-cell immersed boundary method (CC-IBM) is used to render the complex terrain, defined by a tessellation, on a rectilinear Cartesi...
We present the first ever evaluation of sea spray aerosol eddy covariance (EC) fluxes at near coastal conditions and with limited fetch, and the first over water with brackish water (on average 7 ppt). The measurements were made on the island of Garp...
Mercury (Hg) is one of the trace toxic and bioaccumulative global pollutants, and due to its long atmospheric lifetime, it presents a significant global challenge. The present study (1) utilizes total gaseous mercury (TGM) measurements made around a...
The paper provides a comparative analysis of precursory phenomena in the ionosphere and atmosphere for two strong earthquakes of the same magnitude M7.1 that happened in the same region (North-East from Los Angeles) within a time span of 20 years, th...
Very small glaciers (<0.5 km2) account for more than 80% of the total number of glaciers and more than 15% of the total glacier area in the European Alps. This study seeks to better understand the impact of extreme snowfall events on the resilienc...
The impact of the reduced atmospheric emissions due to the COVID-19 lockdown on ambient air quality in the Po Valley of Northern Italy was assessed for gaseous pollutants (NO2, benzene, ammonia) based on data collected at the monitoring stations dist...
Odorous emissions from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) cause negative impacts on the surrounding areas and possible health risks on nearby residents. However, the efficient and reliable identification of WWTPs’ odorants is still challenging. In t...
Environmental pollution is a negative externality of urbanization and is of great concern due to the fact that it poses serious problems to human health. Pollutants, such as heavy metals, have been found in urban road dust; however, it is unclear whe...
Associated with the outbreak of new coronavirus in 2019 (COVID-19), lockdown measures were taken in spring 2020 in China, providing an ideal experiment to investigate the effects of emission controls on air quality. Using the observation data at 56 s...
Densely populated, low-lying coastal areas are most at-risk for negative impacts from increasing intensity of storm-induced flooding. Due to the effects of global warming and subsequent climate change, coastal temperatures and the magnitude of storm-...
Epidemiology and public health research relating to solar ultraviolet (UV) exposure usually relies on dosimetry to measure UV doses received by individuals. However, measurement errors affect each dosimetry measurement by unknown amounts, complicatin...
Small low-cost sensing (LCS) devices enable assessment of close-to-reality PM2.5 exposures, though their data quality remains a challenge. This work evaluates the precision, accuracy, wearability and stability of a wearable particle LCS device, Locat...
In this work, we analysed aerosol measurements from lidar and PM
Roll vortices are frequent features of a hurricane’s boundary layer, with kilometer or sub-kilometer horizontal scale. In this study, we found that large roll vortices with O (10 km) horizontal wavelength occurred over land in Post-Tropical Cyclone S...
Recently, the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) has released a new generation of reanalysis, acknowledged as ERA5, representing at the present the most plausible picture for the current climate. Although ERA5 enhancements, in...
Nowcasting is an important technique for weather forecasting because sudden weather changes significantly affect human life. The encoding-forecasting model, which is a state-of-the-art architecture in the field of data-driven radar extrapolation, doe...
Bayesian model averaging (BMA) and ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) were used to improve the prediction skill of the 500 hPa geopotential height field over the northern hemisphere with lead times of 1–7 days based on ensemble forecasts from th...
The reliability of satellite precipitation products is important in climatic and hydro-meteorological studies, which is especially true in mountainous regions because of the lack of observations in these areas. Two recent satellite rainfall estimates...
Moist tropical (MT) air masses routinely host convective precipitation, including weakly forced thunderstorms (WFTs). These short-lived, isolated events present recurring forecasting challenges due to their spatially small footprints and seemingly er...
PM2.5 (fine particles with diameters 2.5 micrometers and smaller) and PM>2.5 were separately collected in Kanazawa, Japan in every season, from the spring of 2017 to the winter of 2018, and nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and six nitr...
To investigate the impact of burning postharvest crop residues in home stoves, PM2.5 samples (particulate matter with a diameter of <2.5 μm) were collected every 3 h at a rural site in Daejeon, Korea during the postharvest season in 2014. A high c...
In 2007, at the 2nd Africa-EU Summit, the development and implementation of earth observation based services to support sustainable development in Africa was agreed. A joint Africa-EU strategy created a framework for cooperation to this end called GM...
In return strokes, the parameters that can be measured are the channel base current and the return stroke speed. For this reason, many return stroke models have been developed with these two parameters, among others, as inputs. Here, we concentrate o...
In 2020, when the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out as a global pandemic, cities in Hubei Province first went into lockdown on 23 January and resumed work and production on 20 March. From February to March 2020, human activities in...
Air quality (AQ) in urban areas is deteriorating, thus having negative effects on people’s everyday lives. Official air quality monitoring stations provide the most reliable information, but do not always depict air pollution levels at scales reflect...
The significance of the diurnal variability of Lake Surface Temperature (LST) has been recognized; yet, its magnitude in terms of spatial and temporal variability is not well known. Attempts have been made to derive such information from satellites a...
We describe and implement a data selection algorithm aimed at identifying background atmospheric CO2 observations from in situ continuous measurements. Several selection criteria for detecting the background data have been developed and are currently...
Short-lived and intense rainfall is common in Hong Kong during the wet season and often causes disruption to daily lives. As global numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are progressively improved, representation of sub-synoptic or mesoscale syst...
The projected ISM precipitation changes under low-emission scenarios, Representative Concentration Pathway 2.6 (RCP2.6) and Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 1-2.6 (SSP1-2.6), are investigated by outputs from models participating in phases 5 and 6 of the...
Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) is one of the important parameters for assessing regional and global level of climate change. Fog episodes have considerably increased in south Asia because of environmental factors, and the burning of agricultural res...
Governments around the world have implemented measures to slow down the spread of COVID-19, resulting in a substantial decrease in the usage of motorized transportation. The ensuing decrease in the emission of traffic-related heat and pollutants is e...
Airborne backscatter lidar at 532 nm and in-situ measurements of black carbon (BC), carbon monoxide excess above background (ΔCO), and aerosol size distribution were carried out over Siberia in July 2013 and June 2017 in order to sample several kinds...
Methane (CH4) emissions from estuarine wetlands were proved to be influenced by tide movement and inundation conditions notably in many previous studies. Although there have been several researches focusing on the seasonal or annual CH4 emissions, th...
Numerous cancers develop years after subjects have been exposed to chemical compounds. Thus, environmental epidemiological studies need to accurately reconstruct exposures over long periods. To estimate exposure to NO2 and PM10 concentrations, we mod...
This study investigated the erosion of the nocturnal boundary layer (NBL) over the central Amazon using a high-resolution model of large-eddy simulation (LES) named PArallel Les Model (PALM) and observational data from Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon) p...
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