Atmosphere, Volume 14, Issue 9

High-latitude ionospheric plasma constitutes a very complex environment, which is characterized by turbulent dynamics in the presence of different ion species. The turbulent plasma motion produces statistical features of both electromagnetic and velo...

China implemented the China VI emission standard in 2020. The China VI emission standard has added requirements for the RDE (real-world driving emission) test. To evaluate vehicle CO₂ emission for different vehicles, 10 conventional gasoline vehicles...

Tropical cyclone (TC) size is an important parameter for estimating TC risks, such as precipitation distribution, gale-force wind damage, and storm surge. This paper uses the TC size dataset compiled by the Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteoro...

In natural ventilation system-enabled dairy buildings (NVDB), achieving accurate gas emission values is highly complicated. The external weather affects measurements of the gas concentration of pollutants ($c_P$) and volume flow rate (Q) due to the open...

In the conditions of rising air temperature and changing precipitation regimes in Central Europe and Slovakia over the last two decades, it is necessary to analyse drought, develop high-quality tools for drought detection, and understand its reaction...

This article explores the dendrochronological potential of Ocotea porosa (Nees & Mart) Barroso (Imbuia) for reconstructing past climate conditions in the General Carneiro region, Southern Brazil, utilizing well-established dendroclimatic techniqu...

A numerical model integrating tides, waves, and surges can accurately evaluate the surge height (SH) risks of tropical cyclones. Furthermore, incorporating the external forces exerted by the storm’s wind field can help to accurately reproduce t...

The wind microclimate plays an important role in architectural design, and computational fluid dynamics is a method commonly used for analyzing the issue. However, due to its high technical difficulty and time-consuming nature, it limits the interact...

Air pollution in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP), Brazil, is a serious problem and is strongly affected by local sources. However, atmosphere column composition in MASP is also affected by biomass burning aerosol (BB). Understanding...

The Philippines is highly vulnerable to multiple climate-related hazards due to its geographical location and weak adaptation measures. Floods are the most catastrophic hazards that impact lives, livelihoods, and, consequently, the economy at large....

Air pollutants adversely affect human health, and thus a global improvement in air quality is urgent. A Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) was mounted on the geostationary Chollian 2B satellite in 2020 to observe the spatial dis...

To assess the performance and scalability of the Unified Forecast System (UFS) Short-Range Weather (SRW) application, case studies are chosen to cover a wide variety of forecast applications. Here, model forecasts of Hurricane Barry (July 2019) are e...

The mesosphere and low thermosphere (MLT) region is defined as the region of the atmosphere between approximately 60 and 110 km in height [...]

LNG is a potential alternative fuel for ships. Generating H₂ through exhaust reforming is an effective method to improve the performance of the LNG engine and reduce its pollutant emissions. It is necessary to study the mechanism of methane exhaust r...

The meteorological factors of the severe wintertime particulate matter (PM) air pollution problem of the city of Santiago, Chile, are investigated with newly available observations, including a 30 m tower measuring near-surface stability, winds and t...

The Three-Rivers Headwater Region (TRHR), located in the hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau, serves as the “Water Tower of China”, providing vital water conservation (WC) services. Understanding the variations in WC is crucial for locally...

The modeling and processing of vectorial electromagnetic (EM) waves in inhomogeneous media are important problems in physics and engineering, and new methods need to be developed to incorporate novel vector sensor technology. Vectorial phenomena of E...

Reducing anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is the most effective way to mitigate O₃ pollution, which has increased over the past decades in China. From 2012 to 2017, special stainless-steel cylinders were used to collect ambient air sam...

Abnormal electromagnetic radiation associated with seismic activity has been reported across a wide range of frequencies, but its primary energy is concentrated in the super-low-frequency (SLF) and extremely low-frequency (ELF) bands. To estimate the...

Analysis of the trends and variability of climate variables and extreme climate events is important for climate change detection in space and time. In this study, the trends and variabilities of minimum, maximum, and mean temperatures, as well as fiv...

The summer of 2022 was very dry across Missouri and the surrounding regions including much of the Great Lakes, Midwest, and southern plains of the USA. A comparison of this summer to the dry summer of 2012 and the relatively wet summers of 2018 and 2...

Drought is one of the most severe climatic calamities, affecting many aspects of the environment and human existence. Effective planning and decision making in disaster-prone areas require accurate and reliable drought predictions globally. The selec...

Long-term data analysis of the hourly ozone volume fractions in the middle of the Mediterranean Seawas carried out covering a period of 22 years. It was noticed that the amount of ozone during this period very rarely exceeded the recommended upper li...

Irma was a major hurricane that developed during the 2017 season. It was a category 5 on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane wind scale. This hurricane caused severe damage in the Caribbean area and the Florida Keys. The social, economic, and environm...

One of the most commonly encountered issues in large cities is air pollution. As a major city, Bandung also experiences the same problem. This issue arises due to the increasing levels of human activity. This contributes to elevated levels of polluta...

Sub-hourly heavy precipitation events (SHHPs) associated with regional low-pressure (RegL) systems in Portugal are a natural hazard that may have significant socioeconomic implications, namely in agriculture. Therefore, in this paper, their dynamic a...

In today’s urban environments, accurately measuring and forecasting air pollution is crucial for combating the effects of pollution. Machine learning (ML) is now a go-to method for making detailed predictions about air pollution levels in citie...

To better understand the impact of climate change at a given location, it is crucial to consider a wide range of climate models that are representative of the area. In this study, we emphasize the importance of the careful validation and selection of...

Compound extreme events can potentially cause deadlier socio-economic consequences. Although several studies focused on individual extreme climate events, the occurrence of compound extreme events is still not well studied in the upper Midwestern Uni...

Through analyzing the triggering factors and activity characteristics of avalanches in Aerxiangou in the Western Tianshan Mountains, the formation and disaster-causing process of avalanches were studied to provide theoretical support and a scientific...

Imported air pollution has a significant impact on urban air quality. Relevant studies have shown that many urban air pollution events are not resourced by local emissions but are imported by air pollution from surrounding areas transported across re...

This study focuses on the effect of portable and large filter-based air cleaners (HEPA filters), which became popular indoors during the COVID-19 pandemic, and their suitability for classrooms (here 186 m³). The decay rates of the particle number con...

This study investigates the frequency dependence of the correlation or anticorrelation of ozone and temperature in the middle atmosphere. The anticorrelation of ozone and temperature plays a role for a possible super recovery of upper stratospheric o...

As a semi-arid to semi-humid transitional zone, the Loess Plateau is sensitive to climate change due to its fragile ecological environment and geographic features. This study assesses the performance of six historical experiments from the Coordinated...

Optimizing the spatial pattern (spatial compositive and spatial configuration) of urban greenspace can effectively alleviate the urban heat island effect. While the relationship between air temperature (AT) and spatial composition of urban greenspace...

Fine dust, represented by Fe-based fine particles and emitted from the production process of the iron and steel industry, is the primary factor causing many diseases represented by industrial pneumoconiosis, and ultra-low dust emission has always bee...

Based on the basic nonlinear parameter system of the solid oxide electrolysis cell, the data-driven method was used for system identification. The basic model of the solid oxide electrolysis cell was accomplished in Simulink and experiments were perf...

Meteor radar is one of the key tools for studying the atmospheric dynamics in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. The physical parameters obtained by meteor radar inversion can provide important statistical information for research. The daily and...

The atmospheric concentrations of seventeen elements were measured in air filters at the Finnish Meteorological Institute station in Helsinki, Finland, during a period of 44 years (1962–2005). The mean annual concentrations were calculated and...

The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of the Global Climate Model (GCM) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) in historical simulations of temperature and precipitation. The goal is to select the best performing...

Over recent decades, several campaigns have been carried out to collect data regarding the release and atmospheric dispersion of dense chemical products in an open field. All these experimental data are valuable information to challenge the predictio...

Vegetation, especially forest ecosystems, plays an important role in the global energy flow and material cycle. The vegetation index (VI) is an important index reflecting the dynamic change in vegetation and directly reflects the response of ecosyste...

Hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) significantly impacted environmental air quality and were widely studied to determine human health risks. Kaohsiung is Taiwan’s second-largest city, known for its heavily industrialized and densely populated deve...

The swirl ratio is the most critical parameter for determining the intensity and structure of tornado-like vortex, defined as the ratio of angular momentum to radial momentum. The angle of entry flow and the updraft radius are two key parameters affe...

Monsoon onset in India has always been a topic of interest for the research fraternity and various stakeholders. This study aimed to determine the monsoon onset date at the grid point scale, to obtain the trend of monsoon onset, and to unravel the sp...

The thermal structure of the troposphere remains a hot topic, including modelling issues as well as temperature field simulations. This study evaluates the relationship between the air temperature at the Earth’s surface and the temperature of v...

The venting of methane from coal mining is China’s main source of methane emissions. Accurate and up-to-date methane emission factors for coal mines are significant for reporting and controlling methane emissions in China. This study takes a ty...

Eastern Xinjiang, as a typical extremely arid area, exhibits a high sensitivity to climate change. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the climatic changes in this region, along with their driving mechanisms, and comparing these with the broader...

Anaerobic decomposition in manure storage contributes to hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and methane (CH₄) emissions. Coincident emission measurements were made of these gases from a western free stall dairy manure storage basin over a two-month period (Augus...

Natural ecosystems are changing more quickly because of human activities, the type and intensity of which are directly correlated with vegetation greenness. To effectively determine how human activities affect trends in vegetation under climate chang...