Diagnostics, Volume 14, Issue 4

Cervical cancer, primarily caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) types 16 and 18, is a major global health concern. Persistent HR-HPV infection can progress from reversible precancerous lesions to invasive cervical cancer, which is driven...

In recent years, there has been growing interest in the use of computer-assisted technology for early detection of skin cancer through the analysis of dermatoscopic images. However, the accuracy illustrated behind the state-of-the-art approaches depe...

(1) Background: Prenatal care providers face a continuous challenge in screening for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and preeclampsia (PE). In this study, we aimed to assess and compare the predictive accuracy of four machine learning algorith...

Long-term Glucocorticoid (GC) use results in compromised bone strength and fractures, and several treatment recommendations have been developed to prevent fractures, but none have been validated in a real-world setting. This study aims to create a tr...

Inflammation plays a crucial role in diabetes and obesity through macrophage activation. Macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), activin-A, and clusterin are chemokines with known roles in diabetes and obesity. The aim of this study is to inves...

Introduction: Recent evidence reported mental health issues in university students such as anxiety and depressive symptoms and poor sleep quality. Decreased plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels have been proposed as a biomarker of d...

Introduction: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, can be produced by cardiomyocytes, leading to metabolic disorders in the myocardium. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between plasma levels of the TNF c...

Objective: To comprehensively capture intra-tumor heterogeneity in head and neck cancer (HNC) and maximize the use of valid information collected in the clinical field, we propose a novel multi-modal image–text fusion strategy aimed at improvin...

Parietal thinning was detected in a 72-year-old with recurrent headaches. Quantification of bone loss was performed applying two- and three-dimensional methods using computerized tomographies. Two-dimensional methods provided accurate measurements us...

The aim of the study was to build a machine learning-based predictive model to discriminate between hospitalized patients at low risk and high risk of bloodstream infection (BSI). A Data Mart including all patients hospitalized between January 2016 a...

A 36-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 1 (previous cesarean section), with one medical abortion, and no history of systemic diseases presented an unremarkable medical history during prenatal visits. The final prenatal ultrasound at 38 weeks of gestatio...

This study attempts to identify and briefly describe the current directions in applied and theoretical clinical prediction research. Context-rich chronic heart failure syndrome (CHFS) telemedicine provides the medical foundation for this effort. In t...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been proven to be an indispensable imaging method in bladder cancer, and it can accurately identify muscular invasion of bladder cancer. Multiparameter MRI is a promising tool widely used for preoperative staging...

Background: This study is a systematic review with meta-analysis comparing radioactive seed localization (RSL) versus radio-guided occult lesion localization (ROLL) and wire-guided localization (WGL) for patients with impalpable breast cancer undergo...

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has manifested distinct impacts on infants and children. This study delves into the intricate connection between lung ultrasound (LUS) findings and serum biomarkers in neonates and infants with COVID-19. E...

Esophageal cancer can be treated effectively with esophagectomy; however, the postoperative complication rate is high. In this paper, we study to what extent machine learning methods can predict anastomotic leakage and pneumonia up to two days in adv...

Background and objectives: oral alterations in Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) patients are widespread and include microstomia, periodontitis, telangiectasias, mandibular resorption, bone lesions, and xerostomia. This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate...

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) stands out as the predominant malignant neoplasm affecting the pancreas, characterized by a poor prognosis, in most cases patients being diagnosed in a nonresectable stage. Image-based artificial intelligence (...

Sagittal craniosynostosis, a rare but fascinating craniofacial anomaly, presents a unique challenge for both diagnosis and treatment. This condition involves premature fusion of the sagittal suture, which alters the normal growth pattern of the skull...

The ambulatory glucose profile (AGP) lacks sufficient statistical metrics and insightful graphs; indeed, it is missing important information on the temporal patterns of glucose variations. The AGP graph is difficult to interpret due to the overlappin...

The binocular Esterman visual field test (EVFT) of 120 points was the first method to quantify the defects in the binocular visual field. It is used in many parts of the world as a standard test to determine whether an individual has the visual capab...

The presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a poor prognostic finding. This is difficult to identify on routine hematoxylin–eosin (H&E)-stained slides, but considering the costs and time required for examin...

Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) is a rapid and valuable diagnostic tool available in emergency and intensive care units. In the context of cardiac arrest, POCUS application can help assess cardiac activity, identify causes of arrest that could be re...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of implementing an artificial intelligence (AI) approach for the analysis of fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) data even with small data. FLIO data, including the fluoresc...

COVID-19-associated rhino-orbital mucormycosis has become a new clinical entity. This study’s aim was to evaluate the histopathological and ultramicroscopic morphological aspects of this fungal infection. This was an observational retrospective...

Background. Corpus callosal abnormalities (CCA) are midline developmental brain malformations and are usually associated with a wide spectrum of other neurological and non-neurological abnormalities. The study aims to highlight the diagnostic role of...

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the imaging characteristics of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) using [18F]fluoride positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG...

A small tumor size may impact the diagnostic performance of endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) for diagnosing solid pancreatic lesions (SPLs). We aimed to compare the diagnostic yield of EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) a...

Depression is a prevalent and debilitating mental health condition that poses significant challenges for healthcare providers, researchers, and policymakers. The diagnostic coding specificity of depression is crucial for improving patient care, resou...

Adequacy of anesthesia concept (AoA) in the guidance of general anesthesia (GA) is based on entropy, and it also reflects the actual depth of anesthesia and the surgical pleth index (SPI). Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the potential existenc...

Digitalizing all aspects of dental care is a contemporary approach to ensuring the best possible clinical outcomes. Ongoing advancements in 3D face acquisition have been driven by continuous research on craniofacial structures and treatment effects....

Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma is a rare type of soft tissue tumor. Exceptionally it can occur during pregnancy, representing a challenge in management and treatment given its notable aggressiveness and the not infrequent incidence of maternal de...

Serum biomarkers and lung ultrasound are important measures for prognostication and treatment allocation in patients with COVID-19. Currently, there is a paucity of studies investigating relationships between serum biomarkers and ultrasonographic bio...

Breast cancer remains a significant global public health concern, emphasizing the critical role of accurate histopathological analysis in diagnosis and treatment planning. In recent years, the advent of deep learning techniques has showcased notable...

Flow cytometry is a vital diagnostic tool for hematologic and immunologic disorders, but manual analysis is prone to variation and time-consuming. Over the last decade, artificial intelligence (AI) has advanced significantly. In this study, we develo...

Black women are twice as likely to die from endometrial cancer (EC) compared with white women. This represents one of the worst racioethnic disparities amongst all cancers globally. Compared with white women, black women are more likely to be diagnos...

Traditional B-mode ultrasound has difficulties distinguishing benign from malignant breast lesions. It appears that Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) may offer advantages. We examined the QUS imaging system’s potential, utilizing parameters like At...

Background: Delayed Post-Hypoxic Leukoencephalopathy (DPHL), or Grinker’s myelinopathy, is a syndrome in which extensive changes are seen in the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres with MRI weeks or months after a hypoxic episode. T₂-weigh...

Background: In metastatic breast cancer (MBC), [¹⁸F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([¹⁸F]FDG-PET/CT) can be used for staging. We evaluated the correlation between BC histopathological characteristics and [¹⁸F]FDG...

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) urinary tract infections pose a significant challenge in Taiwan. The significance of this issue arises because of the growing concerns about the antibiotic resistance of K. pneumoniae. Therefore, this...

Background: Although endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) using lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) has become one of the treatments of choice for acute cholecystitis (AC) in fragile patients, scant data are available on real-li...

Objective: Vertebro-vertebral arteriovenous fistulae (VVFs) are a rare disorder characterized by a direct shunt between the extracranial vertebral artery and the veins of the vertebral venous plexus. This study aims to comprehensively review the char...

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a leading infectious cause of emergency department admission. Early UTI diagnosis is challenging, and a faster, preferably point-of-care urine analysis is necessary. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of...

Background: We aimed to explore microvascular changes evaluated with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients undergoing epiretinal membrane (ERM) pars-plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with intravitreal Ozurdex implantation, compare...

HyperArc is a preferred technique for treating brain metastases, employing a single isocenter for multiple lesions. Geometrical isocentricity in the TrueBeam linear accelerator with HyperArc is crucial. We evaluated machine performance checks (MPCs)...

It has been shown that patients with NYHA class I and II have a high morbidity and mortality burden. We investigated the value of a new tissue Doppler index, E/(e′ × s′), to predict cardiac events in the long-term follow-up of patie...

Objective: Biological motion perception (BMP) correlating with a mirror neuron system (MNS) is attenuated in underage individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While BMP in typically-developing controls (TDCs) encompasses interconnected MNS st...

Background: A laparoscopic approach to right colectomies for emergency right colon cancers is under investigation. This study compares perioperative and oncological long-term outcomes of right colon cancers undergoing laparoscopic or open emergency r...

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 75% of primary liver tumors. Controlling risk factors associated with its development and implementing screenings in risk populations does not seem sufficient to improve the prognosis of these p...

Background: The fraction of elderly people in the population is growing, the incidence of some cancers is increasing, and the number of available cancer treatments is evolving, causing a challenge to healthcare systems. New healthcare tools are neede...