Antioxidants, Volume 10, Issue 9

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is an increasing and gradual sensorineural hearing dysfunction. Oxidative stress is an essential factor in developing ARHL; additionally, premature senescence of auditory cells induced by oxidative stress can produce h...

Sulfane sulfur, such as inorganic and organic polysulfide (HS_n⁻ and RS_n⁻, n > 2), is a common cellular component, produced either from hydrogen sulfide oxidation or cysteine metabolism. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, LasR is a quorum sensing mast...

Marine species deteriorate rapidly post-mortem as a consequence of a variety of biochemical and microbial breakdown mechanisms. Due to the increasing demand for high-quality fresh seafood, different strategies are now available to retard spoilage for...

Plants evolved specialized metabolic pathways through gene duplication and functional divergence of enzymes involved in primary metabolism. The results of this process are varied pathways that produce an array of natural products useful to both plant...

The generation of peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻) is associated with several diseases, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, neurodegeneration, cancer, inflammation, and sepsis. Alpha-ketoglutarate (αKG) is a known potential highly antioxidative agent for r...

Peroxisomes are important in plant physiological functions and stress responses. Through the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), and antioxidant defense enzymes, peroxisomes control cellular redox homeostasis. Peroxin (P...

Inflammation and oxidative stress after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury may be modified by genetic variability in addition to therapeutic hypothermia. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between the polymorphisms in genes of antioxidan...

Feline hyperthyroidism is a clinical syndrome related to an excessive production of thyroid hormones, and it is considered as a spontaneous animal model for human thyrotoxicosis. Many shared features between the feline and the human disease have been...

Ozone (O₃) is the predominant oxidant air pollutant associated with airway inflammation, lung dysfunction, and the worsening of preexisting respiratory diseases. We previously demonstrated the injurious roles of pulmonary immune receptors, tumor necr...

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), which is generated mainly by cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) in the cardiovascular system, plays a pivotal role in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. However, the regulatory mechanism of the CSE/H₂S system i...

A widely accepted concept is that boys are more susceptible than girls to oxidative stress-related complications of prematurity, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), intraventr...

The transcription factor NRF2 is central to redox homeostasis in animal cells and is a well-known driver of chemoresistance in many types of cancer. Recently, new roles have been ascribed to NRF2 which include regulation of antiviral interferon respo...

Fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) originates from the combustion of coal and is found in the exhaust of fumes of diesel vehicles. PM_2.5 readily penetrates the skin via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, causing skin senescence, inflammatory skin diseases,...

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a threatening mycotoxin primarily present in the agricultural environment, especially in food commodities and animal forages, and exerts significant global health hazards. Lycopene (LYC) is a potent antioxidant carotenoid main...

Diosmetin is a citrus flavonoid that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study examined the effect of diosmetin on blood pressure and vascular alterations and its underlying mechanisms in experimentally hypertensive rats. Male Sprague...

Plant glutathione peroxidases (GPXs) are the main enzymes in the antioxidant defense system that sustain H₂O₂ homeostasis and normalize plant reaction to abiotic stress conditions. To understand the major roles of the GPX gene family in rapeseed (Bra...

Developing novel drugs/targets remains a major effort toward controlling obesity-related type 2 diabetes (diabesity). Melatonin controls obesity and improves glucose homeostasis in rodents, mainly via the thermogenic effects of increasing the amount...

We hypothesized that an interplay between aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and cysteine-related thiolome at the kidney cortex underlies the mechanisms of (mal)adaptation to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), promoting arterial hypertension (HTN). Usi...

Biomolecular condensates are membraneless organelles (MLOs) that form dynamic, chemically distinct subcellular compartments organizing macromolecules such as proteins, RNA, and DNA in unicellular prokaryotic bacteria and complex eukaryotic cells. Sep...

The glyoxal-lysine dimer (GOLD), which is a glyoxal (GO)-derived advanced glycation end product (AGE), is produced by the glycation reaction. In this study, we evaluated the effect of GOLD on the oxidative damage and inflammatory response in SV40 MES...

This work provides companies in the fresh-cut produce sector with an Ascorbate Bluetooth© Analyzer (ABA), a screen-printed sensor-based device for ascorbic acid (AA) detection, for quality control all along the supply chain. The amperometric detectio...

Natural bioactive compounds from food waste have fomented interest in food and pharmaceutical industries for the past decade. In this work, it purposed the recovery of bioactive avocado peel extract using an environmentally friendly technique: the ul...

Hollow nanoparticles are preferred over solid ones for their high loading capabilities, sustained release and low density. Hollow zein particles are susceptible to aggregation with a slight variation in the ionic strength, pH and temperature of the m...

Colon cancer is a disease with a high prevalence rate worldwide, and for its treatment, a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapeutic strategy is generally used. However, conventional anticancer agents have some limitations, including the developmen...

COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 caused a worldwide crisis, highlighting the importance of preventive measures in infectious diseases control. SARS-CoV-2 can remain infectious on surfaces for up to several weeks; therefore, proper disinfection is requir...

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound found in rosemary plants (Salvia rosmarinus) named carnosic acid during the transition period of dairy cows. From day 1 to 3 after calving...

The pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease involves β amyloid (Aβ) accumulation known to induce synaptic dysfunction and neurodegeneration. The brain’s vulnerability to oxidative stress (OS) is considered a crucial detrimental factor in Alzheimer’s dise...

Plant extracts are rich in various bioactive compounds exerting antioxidants effects, such as phenolics, catechins, flavonoids, quercetin, anthocyanin, tocopherol, rutin, chlorogenic acid, lycopene, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, vitami...

Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is one of the most common acute optic neuropathies that affect the over 55-year-old population. NAION causes the loss of visual function, and it has no safe and effective therapy. Bardoxolone me...

Methionine is an aliphatic, sulfur-containing, essential amino acid that has been demonstrated to have crucial roles in metabolism, innate immunity, and activation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, including methionine sulfoxide reductase A/B and th...

Huntington’s disease (HD) is caused by expansion of polyglutamine repeats in the protein huntingtin, which affects the corpus striatum of the brain. The polyglutamine repeats in mutant huntingtin cause its aggregation and elicit toxicity by affecting...

Bravo de Esmolfe (BE) is a traditional Portuguese apple highly appreciated by consumers due to its peculiar flavor and aroma. This apple contains higher concentration of phenolic compounds than other cultivars and is thus considered a rich source of...

In order to study how polyphenols and vitamin C (vitC) together affect protein aggregation to amyloid fibrils, we performed similar in vitro studies as before using stefin B as a model and a potentially amyloid-forming protein (it aggregates upon ove...

In the current scenario of changing climatic conditions and the rising global population, there is an urgent need to explore novel, efficient, and economical natural products for the benefit of humankind. Biosurfactants are one of the latest explored...

Heavy metals are endocrine disruptors which interfere with processes mediated by endogenous hormones of the organism, negatively affecting endocrine functions. Some studies have correlated heavy metal exposure with male infertility. However, the numb...

Ovothiol A (OSH) is one of the strongest natural antioxidants. So far, its presence was found in tissues of marine invertebrates, algae and fish. Due to very low pKa value of the SH group, under physiological conditions, this compound is almost entir...

Bilirubin is an important antioxidant and a modulator of biological functions. However, most of the protection against oxidative stress was shown in vitro or ex vivo. The aim of this case-control study was to investigate whether subjects with Gilbert...

Cancer is a condition where the body cells multiply in an uncontrollable manner. Chemoprevention of cancer is a broad term that describes the involvement of external agents to slow down or suppress cancer growth. Synthetic and natural compounds are f...

In this study, cell death regulation and induction in AML cell line from a relapsed MLL-rearranged cell model (MOLM-13) was investigated with doxorubin (Dox) and betulinic acid (BetA), singly and in combination. CyQUANT Direct^® and Annexin V/propidiu...

Cancer cells preferentially accumulate iron (Fe) relative to non-malignant cells; however, the underlying rationale remains elusive. Iron–sulfur (Fe–S) clusters are critical cofactors that aid in a wide variety of cellular functions (e.g., DNA metabo...

Cold stress is a major environmental factor that detrimentally affects plant growth and development. Melatonin has been shown to confer plant tolerance to cold stress through activating the C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR (CBF) pathway; however, the underlyi...

Colorectal cancer is a highly malignant cancer that is inherently resistant to many chemotherapeutic drugs owing to the complicated tumor-supportive microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are known to mediate colorectal cancer met...

In patients affected by Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), unclear mechanisms negatively interfere with the hematopoietic response to hypoxia. Although sti...

Limonene is one of the most abundant naturally occurring cyclic monoterpenes and has recently emerged as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based solvents as well as a chemical platform for the production of value-added compounds. The biocatalyti...

In the last two decades, the interest in natural plant feed additives (PFA) as alternatives to synthetic vitamins in livestock nutrition has increased. After a systematic review, a total of 19 peer-reviewed papers published between 2000 and 2020 were...

Atherosclerosis remains the underlying process responsible for cardiovascular diseases and the high mortality rates associated. This chronic inflammatory disease progresses with the formation of occlusive atherosclerotic plaques over the inner walls...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) usually causes devastating healthy impacts on patients. However, the causes affecting the decline of kidney function are not fully revealed, especially the involvement of environmental pollutants. We have revealed that ex...

The development of convenient and accessible health-functional foods has become an area of increased interest in recent years. Probiotics, ginseng, and yogurts have been recognized as representative nutraceutical products. To improve the functionalit...

The present study was conducted to investigate the roles of ascorbic acid (AA) in immune response, anti-oxidation and apoptosis in abalone (Haliotis discus hannai Ino). Seven semi-purified diets with graded levels of AA (0, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 an...

Lutein is a xanthophyll carotenoid obtained from various foods, such as dark green leafy vegetables and egg yolk. Lutein has antioxidant activity and scavenges reactive oxygen species such as singlet oxygen and lipid peroxy radicals. Oxidative stress...