Skip to Content

257 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,357 Views
24 Pages

4 August 2024

In the face of accelerating land use changes, conflicts between land use patterns and the eco-environment are increasingly pronounced. By calculating the eco-environment quality index (EQI) adopting the ecological–production–living spaces...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Ecosystem Services: 5th Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
3,515 Views
15 Pages

25 September 2020

There is increasing focus on the difficult challenge of realizing coordinated development of production, living and ecological spaces within the regional development process. An ecological–production–living space evaluation index system w...

  • Article
  • Open Access
51 Citations
4,479 Views
24 Pages

29 November 2021

The coordinated development of the territorial spatial pattern and its function is an important prerequisite for the realization of regional high-quality development. This paper aims to reveal the evolutionary characteristics of the spatial–tem...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,862 Views
20 Pages

26 November 2024

Research investigates the transformations in production–living–ecological spaces (PLES) across diverse scenarios and their ecological effects, with the aim of offering advice for environmental preservation and long-term growth in Sichuan...

  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
3,508 Views
27 Pages

19 July 2022

Recently, the spatial contradiction in rural construction has intensified. Production–living–ecological (PLE) spaces, as important load-bearing spatial patterns of rural revitalization, have become a research focus of territorial space pl...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers for Land, Biodiversity, and Human Wellbeing Section)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,453 Views
20 Pages

30 July 2024

Taking the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains (NSTM) in Xinjiang as the research area, this study analyzes the changes in the Production–Living–Ecological (P-L-E) Spaces and their Ecological Environmental Effects, providing a basis...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,483 Views
28 Pages

12 September 2023

Influenced by historical background, regional economic development, and the frequent occurrence of armed conflict, the human–earth relationship in the Central and Southern Peninsula, which is located in a “fragmented zone”, is chara...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optimizing the Production-Living-Ecological (PLE) Space for Achieving SDGs at Regional and Global Scales)
  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
2,823 Views
18 Pages

7 March 2024

The comprehensive evaluation of China’s major function-oriented zoning, grounded in scientific principles, has evolved into a nationwide initiative aimed at promoting regional coordinated sustainable development. A pivotal focus during this tra...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,757 Views
18 Pages

A Low-Carbon Land Use Management Framework Based on Urban Carbon Metabolism: A Case of a Typical Coal Resource-Based City in China

  • Lingwei Li,
  • Yongping Bai,
  • Xuedi Yang,
  • Zuqiao Gao,
  • Fuwei Qiao,
  • Jianshe Liang and
  • Chunyue Zhang

25 October 2022

It is of great significance to study urban carbon metabolism and explore the low-carbon land use management framework from the perspective of “ecological-production-living” space, an important means for the government to strengthen spatia...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Planning and Sustainable Land Use)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,715 Views
27 Pages

4 November 2024

The rapid pace of urbanization and industrialization has reshaped land use patterns globally, particularly within the interconnected domains of ‘production, living, and ecological spaces’ (PLES). Understanding the spatiotemporal evolution...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impacts of Land Use and Land Cover on Regional Sustainable Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
340 Views
26 Pages

A Multi-Dimensional Efficiency Evaluation Framework for Sustainable Territorial Management: A Focus on Production–Living–Ecological Spaces

  • Yin Ma,
  • Xvlu Wang,
  • Feng Xu,
  • Xiaoyuan Zhang,
  • Xin Jia,
  • Hongli Zhao,
  • Dongzhu Yuan,
  • Jinglun Xi,
  • Yingshan Xue and
  • Changliang Fu

10 September 2026

Territorial space use efficiency (TSUE) serves as a core quantitative metric for evaluating the sustainability of space use, which constitutes a vital component of regional sustainable development. Nevertheless, existing studies have not established...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
3,813 Views
21 Pages

Land use function transition can change the eco-environment. To achieve an “Intensive and efficient production space, moderately livable living space, and beautiful ecological space”, the ecological effects of land use function transition...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Spatial Planning for Sustainable Environment: Application of Spatial Technique and Operations Research Method)
  • Article
  • Open Access
434 Views
22 Pages

2 July 2026

Resource-based cities face complex land-use pressures. Examining the evolution of production–living–ecological spaces (PLESs) and the spatial conflicts associated with this evolution provides an important basis for reducing land-use tensi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,467 Views
21 Pages

19 November 2021

Production–Living–Ecological Space (PLES) is the functional projection of sustainable development in territory spatial planning. Its rational layout has become the most important task for developing countries to enhance ecological awareness and achie...

(This article belongs to the Topic Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,461 Views
27 Pages

30 December 2024

Under the combined influences of climate change and human activities, the western Jilin (WJ) Province, as a typical ecologically fragile area, has experienced ecological degradation and resource depletion. Therefore, it is urgently needed to assess i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
3,679 Views
17 Pages

Spatial Identification and Interactive Analysis of Urban Production—Living—Ecological Spaces Using Point of Interest Data and a Two-Level Scoring Evaluation Model

  • Ying Yang,
  • Yawen Liu,
  • Congmou Zhu,
  • Xinming Chen,
  • Yi Rong,
  • Jing Zhang,
  • Bingbing Huang,
  • Longlong Bai,
  • Qi Chen and
  • Shaofeng Yuan
  • + 1 author

16 October 2022

Identifying urban production–living–ecological spaces and their interactive relationships is conducive to better understanding and optimizing urban space development. This paper took the main urban area of Hangzhou city as an example, and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
244 Views
25 Pages

17 September 2026

This study examines the evolutionary characteristics and potential influencing factors of production–living–ecological spaces (PLES) in resource-exhausted cities, using Zaozhuang City in Shandong Province—the first coal-based resour...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Urban-Rural Land Use and Regional Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,049 Views
19 Pages

30 May 2023

Under the threat of global climate change, China has proposed a dual carbon goal of peak carbon and carbon neutrality. As the vital carrier for territorial spatial planning, production–living–ecological (PLE) spaces drive carbon emissions...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,123 Views
26 Pages

4 March 2025

The identification of the multifunctional combination of production–living–ecological spaces (PLES) in urban agglomerations, particularly in urban cores and peri–urban areas, is a critical issue in the urbanization process. This stu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
274 Views
23 Pages

24 September 2026

The coupling coordination of production, living, and ecological (PLE) spaces is central to territorial spatial optimization, yet its assessment may vary substantially with spatial scale. Using 2020 land use/land cover data for Shandong Province, Chin...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainability in Geographic Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
181 Views
24 Pages

24 September 2026

Irrigation districts are essential to agricultural production, rural development, and food and ecological security. In hilly areas, complex terrain and rapid urbanization intensify competition among production, living, and ecological spaces (PLES). T...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,646 Views
21 Pages

30 December 2021

Understanding land use functions (LUFs) value is critical for implementing sustainable land resources management and optimizing territorial space in China. However, existing research insufficiently portrays the contributions of land use to economic a...

(This article belongs to the Section Land Use, Impact Assessment and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
5,722 Views
28 Pages

25 February 2021

Rural-spatial restructuring involves the spatial mapping of the current rural development process. The transformation of land-use morphologies, directly or indirectly, affects the practice of rural restructuring. Analyzing this process in terms of th...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Transitions under Rapid Urbanization)
  • Article
  • Open Access
51 Citations
4,709 Views
27 Pages

With the acceleration of economic and social development and the increasing competition between multi-functional spaces, the coordination and stability of land space have been seriously affected. In order to simulate the conflict pattern of “pr...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spatio-Temporal Monitoring of Urban–Rural Land Use and Ecological Environment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,875 Views
22 Pages

31 August 2022

To understand the changing pattern of urban carbon metabolism from the perspective of urban “production–living–ecological” (PLE) space, taking Suzhou City as an example, this study constructed a carbon metabolic network model...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Planning Pathways to Carbon Neutrality)
  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,965 Views
21 Pages

15 January 2023

Effective production, living, and ecological space allocation is essential for advancing territorial policy optimization and improving the sustainability of land resource use. Based on the theory of the “production-living-ecological” spac...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainable Utilization and Optimal Decision of Land Resources)
  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
2,740 Views
25 Pages

10 December 2023

Based on the “Production-Living-Ecological Space” evaluation system, we hereby form its functional index and take the results of corresponding functional measurement to analyze the spatial pattern, functional evolution, and coupling chara...

  • Article
  • Open Access
63 Citations
4,831 Views
20 Pages

9 December 2021

Referencing the land use classification system of the “production-living-ecological” space and using 1 km × 1 km grids, this study examines the spatial pattern changes of “production-living-ecological” space in Guangdong...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
3,250 Views
21 Pages

2 November 2022

The function evaluation and coordination analysis of production–living–ecological space is of great significance for guiding the high-quality development of territorial space. Considering the complexity of territorial space, this study co...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Territory Spatial Planning toward High-Quality Development in China)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,822 Views
15 Pages

21 August 2023

The identification, evaluation, and spatial distribution of “Production–Living–Ecological” space (PLEs) have been widely studied, but there is still little attention paid to whether their distribution characteristics will vary...

(This article belongs to the Section Land Planning and Landscape Architecture)
  • Article
  • Open Access
53 Citations
3,660 Views
13 Pages

4 August 2022

Rapid urbanization and land-use change cause risk in regional ecological security. It is very significance to explore the evolutionary trend of land-use change and landscape ecological risk (LER) in an ecologically fragile area, especially in terms o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,159 Views
34 Pages

18 January 2026

Optimizing the “production–living–ecological” space (PLES) is critical for achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in ecologically sensitive mountainous border regions. This study investigates the s...

  • Review
  • Open Access
105 Citations
7,243 Views
15 Pages

25 February 2022

The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the optimization of territorial space development patterns as the primary measure of ecological civilization construction, and put forward the goal of “promoting intensive a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,874 Views
19 Pages

18 January 2023

With the vigorous development of industrialization and urbanization, rural space faces many difficulties in achieving sustainable development, such as the spatial structure being unbalanced. To explore the sustainable development of rural space, this...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Urban and Rural Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
1,941 Views
19 Pages

15 July 2024

Based on five periods of Landsat remote sensing data from 1980 to 2020, this study constructs a landscape ecological risk-ecosystem service value evaluation model and integrates it with a geodetector model to analyse the environmental benefits of the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,924 Views
19 Pages

Evolution of Land Use and Its Hydrological Effects in the Fenhe River Basin Under the Production–Living–Ecological Space Perspective

  • Junzhe Zhang,
  • Azhar Ali Laghari,
  • Qingxia Guo,
  • Jiyao Liang,
  • Akash Kumar,
  • Zhenghao Liu,
  • Yongheng Shen and
  • Yuehan Wei

20 December 2024

Analysing the patterns and impacts of land-use changes in the production–living–ecological space (PLES) of the Fenhe River Basin (FRB 39,721 km2), China, is necessary to support sustainable development. Based on remote sensing images from...

(This article belongs to the Topic Hydrosphere under the Driving of Human Activity and Climate Change: Status, Evolution and Strategies)
  • Article
  • Open Access
246 Views
24 Pages

7 September 2026

The Danjiangkou Reservoir Area is a critical water source for the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, making its ecological security of regional importance. Using land-use data from 1995, 2005, 2015, and 2023, this study class...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
601 Views
34 Pages

27 February 2026

The intensifying conflict between urban–rural development and the natural environment under rapid industrialization and urbanization underscores the necessity to balance ecological preservation with economic growth for sustainable land use. Gro...

(This article belongs to the Section Ecosystem, Environment and Climate Change in Agriculture)
  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
3,998 Views
19 Pages

The main function zone (MFZ) is the major strategy of China’s economic development and ecological environment protection. Clarifying the logical relationship between “MFZ strategy” and “territorial spatial layout” is vit...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Social and Ecological Factors on Coupled Human-Environment Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,344 Views
21 Pages

14 December 2024

Ecological zoning is essential for optimizing regional ecological management and improving environmental protection efficiency. While previous studies have primarily focused on the independent analysis of land use intensity (LUI) and landscape ecolog...

  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
4,345 Views
17 Pages

23 September 2021

With rapid urbanization and industrialization, China’s metropolises have undergone a huge shift in land use, which has had a profound impact on the ecological environment. Accordingly, the contradictions between regional production, living, and ecolo...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
3,876 Views
22 Pages

31 March 2024

Territorial spatial planning requires thoughtful consideration of the scientific layout and synergistic control of production, living, and ecological spaces (PLESs). However, research in this field often neglects the human perspective and fails to ac...

(This article belongs to the Section Land Planning and Landscape Architecture)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,821 Views
15 Pages

16 November 2022

The internal trade-off of land space is caused by the competition of land use for multiple functions, such as agricultural production, economic development and ecological protection. In response to this common problem, this study uses a positive and...

(This article belongs to the Section Farming Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
43 Citations
4,299 Views
22 Pages

Spatio-Temporal Pattern and Conflict Identification of Production–Living–Ecological Space in the Yellow River Basin

  • Furui Xi,
  • Runping Wang,
  • Jusong Shi,
  • Jinde Zhang,
  • Yang Yu,
  • Na Wang and
  • Zhiyi Wang

18 May 2022

Production–living–ecological space (PLES) is the main body of the optimization of the development and protection pattern of territorial space, and the spatial conflict in PLES reflects a struggle for ecological protection and socio-econom...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Use Conflict Detection and Multi-Objective Optimization Based on the Productivity, Sustainability, and Livability Perspective)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,543 Views
15 Pages

3 July 2023

The rapid development of industrialization and urbanization aggravates the tension of human–land relationships, leading to increasingly prominent contradictions and a serious imbalance in the relationship among production–living–eco...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Urban and Rural Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,104 Views
15 Pages

18 February 2025

The Yellow River Basin (YRB) serves as a critical ecological functional and economic zone in China. However, due to the rapid economic and social development, the YRB has encountered dual pressure from the anthropogenic disturbances and climate chang...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Land Management Practices for Enhancing Ecosystem Services: Cases and Experiences)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,757 Views
23 Pages

5 August 2024

The rational allocation of land resources is crucial to ensuring human well-being, livelihood, and survival. The study of Production-Living-Ecological Space (PLES) provides new perspectives on land resource allocation. However, few studies have asses...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geographical Information Research for Eco-Environment Sustainable Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,362 Views
24 Pages

22 January 2025

Effective production, living, and ecological space allocation is essential for improving and optimizing urban space development. In this study, we proposed a production–living–ecological space (PLES) identification method based on Point o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,629 Views
25 Pages

Study on the Coupling Coordination Degree and Driving Mechanism of “Production-Living-Ecological” Space in Ecologically Fragile Areas: A Case Study of the Turpan–Hami Basin

  • Yue Gao,
  • Linyan Bai,
  • Kefa Zhou,
  • Yanfei Kou,
  • Weiting Yuan,
  • Xiaozhen Zhou,
  • Ziyun Qiu,
  • Dequan Zhao,
  • Zhihong Lv and
  • Qing Zhang
  • + 2 authors

19 October 2024

One of the key conditions for achieving superior regional growth is ensuring the harmonious development of both the layout and functions of territorial space. Territorial space, which includes production space, living space, and ecological space, ser...

  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
3,836 Views
26 Pages

Spatio-Temporal Variation and Influencing Factors of the Coupling Coordination Degree of Production-Living-Ecological Space in China

  • Xinghua Cui,
  • Ning Xu,
  • Wanxu Chen,
  • Guanzheng Wang,
  • Jiale Liang,
  • Sipei Pan and
  • Binqiao Duan

Territorial space is a multi-functional complex. The coordinated production-living-ecological space (PLES) effectively coordinates the man-land relationship, promotes regional sustainable development, and maximizes territorial space. How to build a h...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impacts of Human Activities and Climate Change on Landscape)

of 6