Genes, Volume 14, Issue 7

The specifics of breeding and selection significantly affect genetic diversity and variability within a breed. We present the data obtained from the genetic analysis of 21 thoroughbred and warmblood horse breeds. The most detailed information is desc...

Complete mitochondrial genomes were newly sequenced for eight species of the treehopper subfamily Centrotinae (Hemiptera: Membracidae), four of which represent genera for which mitogenomes were not previously available. The new mitogenomes are genera...

The noctuid moth soybean looper (SBL), Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) is an economically important pest of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in the southeastern United States. It has characteristics that are of particular concern for pest mitigation...

Larimichthys crocea (also known as the large yellow croaker) is one of the most economically important marine fishes in China, and research on the ecology and genetics of this species is of immense significance. In this study, we performed restrictio...

Farmers in northern and central Indian regions prefer to plant wheat early in the season to take advantage of the remaining soil moisture. By planting crops before the start of the season, it is possible to extend the time frame for spring wheat. The...

Nutrition and metabolism modify epigenetic signatures like histone acetylation and DNA methylation. Histone acetylation and DNA methylation in the central nervous system (CNS) can be altered by bioactive nutrients and gut microbiome via the gut–brain...

The 5q deletion syndrome is a relatively rare condition caused by the monoallelic interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5. Patients described in literature usually present variable dysmorphic features, behavioral disturbance, and intell...

Oncogenic mutations in the small GTPase Ras contribute to ~30% of human cancers. However, tissue growth induced by oncogenic Ras is restrained by the induction of cellular senescence, and additional mutations are required to induce tumor progression....

Age-related mitochondrial markers may facilitate the prognosis of artificial reproductive technology outcomes. In this report, we present our study concerning the ratio of cf-mtDNA/cf-nDNA, namely the amount of cell-free mitochondrial DNA relative to...

The recovery of Nero Lucano (NL) pigs in the Basilicata region (Southern Italy) started in 2001 with the collaboration of several public authorities in order to preserve native breeds that can play a significant economic role both due to their remark...

ParaHox genes are key developmental regulators involved in the patterning of the digestive tract along the anteroposterior axis and the development of the nervous system. Most studies have focused on the function of these genes in embryogenesis, whil...

Background: The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a key role in the adaptive immune response to pathogens due to its extraordinary polymorphism. However, the spatial patterns of MHC variation in the striped hamster remain unclear, particul...

To further understand the origin and evolution of Palaemonidae (Decapoda: Caridea), we determined the mitochondrial genome sequence of Palaemon macrodactylus and Palaemon tenuidactylus. The entire mitochondrial genome sequences of these two Pala...

Copepoda is a large and diverse group of crustaceans, which is widely distributed worldwide. It encompasses roughly 9 orders, whose phylogeny remains unresolved. We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Sinergasilus major (Marke...

Myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) is a member of the myocyte enhancer factor 2 family. MEF2A is widely distributed in various tissues and organs and participates in various physiological processes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of MEF2A...

Accurate inference of genetic ancestry is crucial for population-based association studies, accounting for population heterogeneity and structure. This study analyzes genome-wide SNP data from the Netherlands Twin Register to compare genetic ancestry...

The Noctuid moth soybean looper (SBL), Chrysodeixis includens (Walker), is an economically important pest of soybean (Glycine max (Linnaeus) Merrill). Because it is not known to survive freezing winters, permanent populations in the United States are...

The Indian highland shrew, Suncus niger (Horsfield, 1851), is the least studied soricid species from its original range distribution in Southern India, with several systematics conundrums. Following its discovery in 1851, the species was synonymized...

Hereditary palmoplantar keratodermas (PPKs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by excessive epidermal thickening of palms and soles. Several genes have been associated with PPK including PERP, a gene encod...

Mutations and subsequent repair processes are known to be strongly context-dependent in the flowering-plant chloroplast genome. At least six flanking bases, three on each side, can have an influence on the relative rates of different types of mutatio...

The grape is one of the most produced and processed horticultural crops. This study evaluated the grape genetic resource belonging to the Vitis labrusca species. The diversity was assessed according to morphometric, antioxidant, physicochemical, and...

Whole-Exome Sequencing (WES) has proven valuable in the characterization of underlying genetic defects in most rare diseases (RDs). Copy Number Variants (CNVs) were initially thought to escape detection. Recent technological advances enabled CNV call...

Background: Although knowledge of the genetic factors influencing kidney disease is increasing, epigenetic profiles, which are associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), have not been fully elucidated. We sought to identify the DNA methylation sta...

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine, involved in the pathogenesis and progression of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). A bi-allelic polymorphism in the promoter region, at position -308 (G/A) of the TN...

The male karyotype of Aulacocyclus tricuspis Kaup 1868 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Passalidae, Aulacocyclinae) from New Caledonia contains an exceptionally high number of chromosomes, almost all of which are acrocentric (53,X1X2Y). Unlike the karyoty...

Awareness of the factors surrounding the transfer of DNA from a person, item, or surface to another person, item, or surface is highly relevant during investigations of alleged criminal activity. Animals in domestic environments could be a victim, of...

Despite the worldwide distribution and rich diversity of the infraorder Bibionomorpha in Diptera, the characteristics of mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) are still little-known, and the phylogenetics and evolution of the infraorder remains controv...

Rapidly rising population and climate changes are two critical issues that require immediate action to achieve sustainable development goals. The rising population is posing increased demand for food, thereby pushing for an acceleration in agricultur...

The human fovea is a specialized pit structure in the central retina. Foveal hypoplasia is a condition where the foveal pit does not fully develop, and it is associated with poor vision. Autosomal dominant isolated foveal hypoplasia (FVH1) is a rare...

Peripheral facial palsy rarely occurs as part of Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome (MRS), which is characterized by the classical triad of tongue cheilitis, recurrent episodes of orofacial swelling, and palsy. MRS is a disorder with variable expres...

Microsatellites, also known as simple sequence repeats (SSRs), are polymorphic loci that play an important role in genome research, animal breeding, and disease control. Ranch animals are important components of agricultural landscape. The ranch anim...

Assessing the genetic diversity and population structure of cultivated sorghum is important for heterotic grouping, breeding population development, marker-assisted cultivar development, and release. The objectives of the present study were to assess...

Spastic syndrome is a chronic, progressive disorder of adult cattle characterized by episodes of sudden involuntary muscle contractions or spasms of the extensor and abductor muscles of one or both hind limbs. In this study, a case-control genome-wid...

To investigate the potential role of phytochrome (PHY) in peanut growth and its response to environmental fluctuations, eight candidate AhPHY genes were identified via genome-wide analysis of cultivated peanut. These AhPHY polypeptides were determine...

Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in sweet potatoes requires accurate data normalization; however, there are insufficient studies on appropriate reference genes for gene expression analysis. We examined variations in the expression of eight candid...

Although a large number of databases are available for regulatory elements, a bottleneck has been created by the lack of bioinformatics tools to predict the interaction modes of regulatory elements. To reduce this gap, we developed the Arabidopsis Tr...

In higher plants, light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding (Lhc) proteins play a vital role in photosynthetic processes and are widely involved in the regulation of plant growth, development, and response to abiotic stress. However, the Lhc gene fami...

Microsatellite instability (MSI) represents an accumulation of frameshifts in short tandem repeats, microsatellites, across the genome due to defective DNA mismatch repair (dMMR). MSI has been associated with distinct clinical, histological, and mole...

Heat tolerance is increasingly becoming a crucial trait for aquaculture species in the face of rapidly changing climate conditions. Alternative splicing (AS) is a vital mechanism within cells that modulates gene abundance and functional diversity, en...

In recent years, the number of mole species with species status confirmed by genetic methods has been continuously increasing. Unfortunately, cytogenetic data are not yet available for all species. Here, for the first time, a GTG-banded karyotype of...

Abscisic acid (ABA), a critical phytohormone that regulates plant development and stress response, is sensed by the ABA receptors PYR/PYL/RCAR (PYLs). The PYL genes have been widely studied in multiple plant species, while a systematic analysis of PY...

Objectives: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was reported to be higher in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients than in normal healthy individuals. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) was associated with RA or CKD. Few studies on the association...

Rare Genetic Disorders (RGDs) are defined as disorders that affect less than 1 in 2000 people, and collectively affect more than 300 million people worldwide [...]

Introduction and objectives: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a hereditary heart disease defined by the progressive replacement of the ventricular myocardium with fibroadipose tissue, which can act as a substrate for arrhythmias, sudden death,...

The Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis, is an important aquaculture species in China that exhibits distinct sexual dimorphism; male individuals are economically more valuable than females. In vertebrates, several R-spondin family protei...

Genetic and epigenetic modifications present a major cause of relapse and treatment failure in colorectal cancer. This study aims to appreciate the prognostic and predictive value of ERRC1 and MGMT methylation. We also studied the prognostic impact o...

Although it has gained more attention in recent years, the relationship between breast cancer (BC) and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is still not well understood. Importantly, Complex IV or Cytochrome C Oxidase (COX) of OXPHOS is o...

The spectrum of information related to precision medicine in diabetes generally includes clinical data, genetics, and omics-based biomarkers that can guide personalized decisions on diabetes care. Given the remarkable progress in patient risk charact...

Potatoes have emerged as a key non-grain crop for food security worldwide. However, the looming threat of climate change poses significant risks to this vital food source, particularly through the projected reduction in crop yields under warmer tempe...

Fagopylum tatarium (L.) Gaertn (buckwheat) can be used both as medicine and food and is also an important food crop in barren areas and has great economic value. Exploring the molecular mechanisms of the response to cadmium (Cd) stress can provide th...