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Volume 11
Issue 9
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Separations, Volume 11, Issue 9 (September 2024) – 2 articles

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12 pages, 1930 KiB  
Article
Papaya Seed Extract and Recovery of Some Main Constituents
by Alessia Panusa, Francesca Romana Mammone, Paola Rotundo, Giuseppina Multari, Giovanna Palazzino and Francesca Romana Gallo
Separations 2024, 11(9), 254; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11090254 - 23 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Carica papaya Linn. is one of the most common plants in almost all tropical countries. Its fruit is widely used as food or an ointment in traditional medicine. It is one of the few tropical fruits to contain glucotropaeolin (benzyl glucosinolate) detected in [...] Read more.
Carica papaya Linn. is one of the most common plants in almost all tropical countries. Its fruit is widely used as food or an ointment in traditional medicine. It is one of the few tropical fruits to contain glucotropaeolin (benzyl glucosinolate) detected in great quantity, mainly in the seeds of papaya. When cells in plant tissue are damaged, glucotropaeolin is hydrolysed by the enzyme myrosinase to benzyl isothiocyanate. The anticancer activity of this latter compound has been widely evidenced, but the metabolic profile of the papaya seed extracts is not reported in the literature. The objective of this study is to investigate the seed extracts of C. papaya L. by UHPLC-PDA ESI/MS, with and without the inactivation of myrosinase, and compare the recovery of some main components using two different inactivation procedures. The extracts (methanol/water, 60:40, v/v) were studied in negative and positive ionisation modes. Separations were carried out on an Acquity BEH C18 (50 × 2.1 mm i.d.) 1.7 μm analytical column, and 0.02% formic acid in water and acetonitrile was used as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 mL min−1. Beyond the amino acids and glucotropaeolin already detected in papaya seeds, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, which has never been detected in papaya seeds with this technique before, was identified. Moreover, mono-, di- and tri-glycosides of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid were putatively assigned. Glucotropaeolin, 4-hydroxybenzoic and tryptophan were quantified in seeds extracted after myrosinase deactivation. These three components were more effectively recovered using an oven than microwave myrosinase inactivation. Full article
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13 pages, 3593 KiB  
Article
Application of Electrodialysis to Production of High-Purity Perrhenic Acid
by Patrycja Kowalik, Dorota Kopyto, Grzegorz Benke, Mateusz Ciszewski, Alicja Grzybek, Joanna Malarz, Karolina Pianowska, Karolina Goc, Szymon Orda, Dorota Babilas, Piotr Dydo and Katarzyna Leszczyńska-Sejda
Separations 2024, 11(9), 253; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11090253 - 23 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Laboratory tests were conducted for the production of high-purity perrhenic acid using a membrane technique—electrodialysis. Four solutions were used in the tests: diluate, concentrate, anolyte, and catholyte. The experiments were carried out in a two-stream system. The influence of basic process parameters, including [...] Read more.
Laboratory tests were conducted for the production of high-purity perrhenic acid using a membrane technique—electrodialysis. Four solutions were used in the tests: diluate, concentrate, anolyte, and catholyte. The experiments were carried out in a two-stream system. The influence of basic process parameters, including the flow rate of process streams or current density, on the purity of the obtained perrhenic acid were examined. Electrodialysis was also carried out as part of this research, aiming to concentrate the perrhenic acid >100 g/dm3. The concentrate solution obtained in the concentration tests, with a concentration of 148.7 g/dm3 HReO4 and 530 mg/dm3 NH4+, was then sent to the purification process using the electrodialysis method. The purification process was carried out until the concentration of NH4+ ions was <100 mg/dm3 in the concentrate. Finally, perrhenic acid was obtained with the following composition: 169.7 g/dm3 HReO4 and 70 mg/dm3 NH4+. Based on this research, a technological scheme for producing high-purity HReO4 by electrodialysis was developed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Separation Technology for Metals Recovery)
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