252 Results Found

Energy storage materials to modulate indoor microclimates are needed to improve energy efficiency and for human comfort. Of these, phase-change material (PCM) is considered a very useful material because of its excellent latent heat energy storage. F...

The Thermoelectric Window Frame (TEWF) can be adjusted by regulating the operating current to achieve the desired indoor temperature. However, indoor and outdoor ambient disturbances are inevitable, causing indoor temperature fluctuations and prevent...

Domestic cooling demands in arid and hot climate regions, including Qatar, induce a significant challenge to reduce the area’s cooling energy consumption and carbon footprint, primarily due to the heavy reliance on electricity-intensive air con...

The energy-supply crisis, aggravated by the war in Ukraine, has prompted EU governments to approve urgent energy-saving measures. The new Spanish energy-saving standard aims to reduce energy consumption by changing the regulatory limits for indoor hy...

The construction industry, a significant contributor to global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, is under considerable pressure to adopt transformative approaches. Public buildings, which account for a substantial portion of total ener...

Microgrid (MG) is a novel concept for a future distribution power system that enables renewable energy sources (RES). The intermittent RES, such as wind turbines and photovoltaic generators, can be connected to the MG via a power electronics inverter...

The refined control of heating substations is of great significance for on-demand heating provision and for the efficient operation of district heating systems (DHSs). This paper proposes an integrated control strategy for substations based on the pr...

Agricultural greenhouses incorporate intricate systems to regulate the internal climate. Among the crucial climatic variables, indoor temperature and humidity take precedence in establishing an optimal environment for plant production and growth. The...

This study experimentally evaluated the performance of a wall confluent jet (WCJ) cooling system in a greenhouse under real summer and autumn weather conditions. It examined the effects of indoor air temperature setpoint (T_spt), number of nozzle rows...

Indoor air quality and thermal conditions are important considerations when designing indoor spaces to ensure occupant health, satisfaction, and productivity. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration and indoor air temperature are two measurable parameters...

Heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems are typical non-linear time-variable multivariate systems with disturbances and uncertainties. In this paper, an approach based on a combined neuro-fuzzy model for dynamic and automatic regulat...

The smart building concept aims to use smart technology to reduce energy consumption, as well as to improve comfort conditions and users’ satisfaction. It is based on the use of smart sensors and software to follow both outdoor and indoor conditions...

Stilt houses are extremely adaptable to terrain and climate. However, current indoor thermal environment research in transitional seasons is not prominent. Therefore, in this research, a typical stilt house in southwest China was chosen as the resear...

Although indoor temperature was an important criterion for the evaluation of heating requirements, it was costly to install temperature-monitoring devices in every household for large-scale buildings. However, it was inexpensive to install the device...

Prior to the year 2000, air conditioning was not common in many cities throughout the world. However, today, 20 years later, air conditioning is common. This circumstance has a negative impact on the climate. Additionally, the situation regarding ene...

Insulating building envelopes is crucial for maintaining indoor thermal comfort, particularly in large-space enclosures like greenhouses having transparent envelopes. Transparent envelopes allow natural light but challenge temperature regulation due...

This study investigates sustainable living through minimizing environment impact, including energy efficiency, while supporting the well-being and thermal comfort in Mediterranean dwellings, specifically in Cyprus. This research highlights the need t...

Landscape elements are crucial to the quality of the built environment. Thermal comfort is one of the important paths through which landscape elements affect the quality of the built environment. Most studies investigate the impacts of the landscape...

At present, the traditional control strategy of heating systems is still unable to achieve building heating on demand, which enhances the energy consumption of heating and affects the thermal comfort of buildings. Therefore, this study puts forward a...

This paper investigates the in situ hygrothermal behavior of a cob prototype building equipped with multiple sensors for measuring temperature, relative humidity inside the building, and water content within its walls. The experimental results show t...

The growth of the bacterial community harbored in indoor drinking water taps is regulated by external environmental factors, such as indoor temperature. However, the effect of indoor heating on bacterial regrowth associated with indoor drinking wate...

Climate change can affect the indoor environment due to heat and mass transfers between indoor and outdoor environments. To mitigate climate change impacts and adapt buildings to the changing environment, changes in building characteristics and occup...

In this study, the influence of variables defining indoor temperature is studied, focusing on operational data and visual and technical inspections rather than the temperature control setpoints and occupancy schedule. This is incorrect because infilt...

Lightweight construction is experiencing a significant market implementation with sustained growth both for new buildings and retrofitting purposes. Despite the acknowledged advantages of this type of construction, their reduced thermal inertia can j...

Passive design strategies incorporating phase change materials (PCM) provide effective thermal energy storage, improve indoor comfort, and reduce building energy demand. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of partially filled PCM glazing s...

The indoor environment that surrounds us and the elements in it affect not only our mood but also the air quality. Vegetation elements are currently more popular, especially for their aesthetic value but also because of the fact that they affect the...

With urban development, metro systems have become a prioritized form of public transport due to their high efficiency and convenience, accompanied by a sharp rise in energy consumption of air-conditioning systems in metro stations. Meanwhile, as the...

Rammed-earth dwellings have a long history in the construction field. It is a natural material that is both green and environmentally friendly. In recent years, the advantages of rammed earth, such as environmental protection, low cost, and recyclabi...

The indoor environment of buildings is of fundamental importance for the health of people and other living organisms residing in them. From this perspective, key factors include indoor temperature, relative humidity and the concentration of CO₂ or ot...

A substantial body of evidence suggests that indoor mold exposure is a cause of allergic and respiratory diseases in humans. While models exist for assessing the risk of mold growth on building materials, few study the characteristics of mold growth...

Indoor air pollution is an increasing health concern, especially in enclosed environments such as underground subway stations because of increased global usage by urban populations. This study measured the indoor air quality of underground platforms...

Simulating the thermal model of a district requires simultaneously retaining accuracy and simplicity, in order to avoid cumbersome calculations and unrealistic predictions. Within this scope, introducing a simple structure for modeling the energy con...

Environmental regulation in caged broiler houses requires strict control of temperature, relative humidity, and ventilation, as abnormal indoor conditions may adversely affect broiler health and productive performance. However, existing research has...

Thermochromic smart windows realize an intelligent response to changes in environmental temperature through reversible physical phase transitions. They complete a real-time adjustment of solar transmittance, create a livable indoor temperature for hu...

An indoor high and open space is characterized by high mobility of people and uneven temperature distribution, so the conventional design and operation of air conditioning systems makes it difficult to regulate the air conditioning system precisely a...

Climatic changes lead to many extreme weather events throughout the globe. These extreme weather events influence our behavior, exposing us to different environmental conditions, such as poor indoor quality. Poor indoor air quality (IAQ) poses a sign...

Indoor air quality influences people’s lives, potentially affecting their health and comfort. Nowadays, ventilation is the only technique commonly used for regulating indoor air quality. CO₂ is the reference species considered in order to calculate t...

Low temperatures and high humidity often occur in the northern basins and mountainous regions of China. This research reveals a common winter indoor environment in this rural areas characterized by low-temperature and high-humidity indoor thermal con...

Earth materials in construction demonstrate significant potential attributed to their accessibility, recyclability, and low energy demands for processing. Modern techniques have enhanced their mechanical strength and durability, enabling their applic...

In this paper, a new R744 heat pump system is studied. The gas cooler, evaporator, indoor heat core, and indoor gas cooler are all micro-channel heat exchangers. The R744 high pressure system adopts a combination of an accumulator and internal heat e...

Thermal energy storage plays a vital role in enhancing the efficiency of energy systems, particularly in building applications. Phase change materials (PCMs) have gained significant attention as a passive solution for energy management within buildin...

Direct electricity is widely used for heating purposes in Norway, leading to significant strain on the electricity grid during the heating season. Conversion to 4th generation district heating (4GDH) is an effective method for reducing the need for l...

The escalating environmental threat of indoor overheating, exacerbated by global climate change, urbanisation, and population growth, poses a severe risk to public health worldwide, specifically to those regions which are exposed to extreme heat even...

A key factor for achieving healthy environments in residential buildings is the provision of high indoor environmental quality (IEQ) with respect to the acceptance by its occupants, based on levels of the physical parameters which contribute to IEQ....

Few studies have conducted experiments in daily living environments to examine the effects of indoor plants on objective aspects of the physical environment. This study examined the effects of plant distance and green coverage ratio on the objective...

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two circulation modes of a plasma deodorization unit on the air environment of pig-fattening houses in winter. Two pig-fattening houses were selected, one of which was installed with a plasma deodorizing dev...

Natural ventilation in hot climates represents a key strategy to reduce the dependence on mechanical cooling systems, especially in historic buildings, where it is essential to balance thermal comfort and heritage conservation. This study analyses th...

This state-of-the-art review is designed to provide a factual analysis of indoor air pollution in Pakistan. Primarily, the main sources of indoor air pollution and related air pollutants were analyzed. Key sources of indoor air pollution include hous...

Due to unprecedented urbanization, UAE had built many new residential projects with poor choices of material and ventilation. This social phenomenon is leading UAE to Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) faster than any other countries. The Dubai Municipalit...

In the recent past home automation has been expanding its objectives towards new solutions both inside the smart home and in its outdoor spaces, where several new technologies are available. This work has developed an approach to integrate intelligen...