The article presents methods of securing mining excavations using wooden cribs. For the underground room and pillar method used to excavate zinc and lead ore body in the Olkusz-Pomorzany mine in Poland, model tests for the replacement of rock pillars...
In this article, a model of ore deposit in form of a lense carried out in the MineScape program, is presented. The lense had a thickness of 30 m, length along the strike 200 m, and the depth buried was for 80 m to 110 m below the surface. In the firs...
In order to analyze the stability of the stope under continuous mining with the room–pillar method for a kind of orebody with a long inclination, but not deep mining, this paper takes the room–pillar method for the continuous mining of a...
The accelerating industrialization process of China expanded coal consumption and induced the depletion of resource reserves. Meanwhile, vast amounts of coal resources are “trapped” since they are located beneath buildings, railways, and...
The mining method that is still often used in salt deposits is the room-and-pillar mining method, in which the dimensioning of the most requested element in the system is followed. The pillars are the elements subjected to the greatest loads. Knowing...
The article presents the impact of geological and mining factors on the stability of room excavations in the Legnica-Głogów Copper District (LGOM) in Poland. In underground mining, the primary task of bolting of mining excavations is to ensure...
The article presents a novel yielding mechanism, especially designed for the rock bolt support. Mechanical rock bolts with an expansion head and equipped with one, two, four and six dome bearing plates were tested in the laboratory conditions. Furthe...
This paper presents the results of laboratory tensile testing of segmentally-installed glue-in roof bolting. We studied roof bolting of the type Olkusz-16A (Boltech Sp. z o.o., ZGH Bolesław S.A., Bukowno, Poland), additionally equipped with a steel r...
Rehabilitation works are often needed to preserve historical underground galleries built in soft carbonate rock. The Kalemegdan fortress galleries, located in Belgrade (Serbia) were built during the 18th century using the room-and-pillars method. Ins...
The article presents methods of making the rock bolt support more yieldable, especially for a stratified roof. Alongside the increasing depth of exploitation of raw material deposits, rock bolt support units are more often designed taking into accoun...
The disturbance depth of traffic load has a direct impact on the stability of a room-and-pillar mining goaf. To quantitatively calculate the relationship between the traffic load disturbance depth and influencing factors, 49 groups of horizontal comb...
Gradual instability of coal pillars left behind underground with room mining is one of the main reasons for sudden roof caving in the gob, surface subsidence, and other significant hazards. Moreover, room mining implies great losses of coal resources...
A method of paste backfill recovery for residual room coal pillars is hereby proposed. The principles and processes of this method are systemically explained to address issues such as mining-induced earthquakes from spontaneous destabilization, surfa...
Coal is a nonrenewable resource. Hence, it is important to improve the coal recovery ratio and ensure the stability of coal mines for sustainable development of mining cities. Partial extraction techniques, such as strip pillar mining or room-and-pil...
A barrier pillar between the surface and underground mining sections provides a critical buffer zone in the transition from the boxcut highwall to underground sections by isolating stress fields from underground sections and preventing them from affe...
This study tackles the critical challenges of stress evolution and pillar optimization in underground potash mining, with a focus on the 351-stope of Kaiyuan Mining in Laos. Integrating theoretical calculations, large-scale 3D numerical modeling, and...
Accurately distinguishing the stability of the residual coal pillars formed by the room-and-pillar mining method is significant for the safe mining of adjacent coal seams. In this study, the correlation between the rapid decrease in vertical stress a...
This study of the strength and deformation of coal samples was triggered by the need to define the stress–strain characteristics of pillars during room and pillar mining in the shaft protective pillar at the ČSM Mine. It was probably the w...
This paper describes a parametric study using discrete element modeling (DEM) of partial mining in a mountain terrain with in situ pillars for overburden support. For room and pillar mining or strip pillar mining, the accurate estimation of pillar st...
Pre-driven recovery rooms are used extensively for the removal of mining equipment and hydraulic supports in longwall coal mining. Roof stability is a crucial factor influencing the speed and safety of the removal of operators in pre-driven recovery...
In this paper, the edge strain relaxation of InGaN/GaN MQW micro-pillars is studied. Micro-pillar arrays with a diameter of 3–20 μm were prepared on a blue GaN LED wafer by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching. The peak wavelength shift...
To address the challenges of high ore loss and brittle splitting of natural pillars in gently dipping and horizontal thin-vein extraction using room-and-pillar mining, a continuous, pillar-free technology that replaces natural pillars with expandable...
A considerable number of coal mines employed room and pillar mining in the last century in northern China, where the goaf remained stable for a period of time; however, with the increased exposure of coal pillars, their collapse may gradually increas...
Partial extraction methods such as underground strip pillar mining or room-and-pillar mining are widely adopted techniques to control ground subsidence. However, pillar failure in partial extraction mines may introduce violent secondary ground collap...
An important element of numerical modeling for specific mining issues is the selection of model parameters. The incorrect determination of geomechanical parameters can result in significant calculation errors carried throughout the entire problem. Th...
This study describes a precise numerical analysis process by adopting the real image of mine openings obtained by light detection and ranging (LiDAR), which can produce a point cloud data by measuring the target surface numerically. The analysis targ...
To address the synergistic stability evaluation of coal pillars and caving deposits in room-and-pillar mining of nearly vertical coal seams, this study takes the 101 Coal Mine (104th Regiment, Xishan Area, Urumqi, Xinjiang) as the engineering backgro...
Pillared graphene can undergo origami-like folding under in-plane compression. Such folding reorients the graphene sheets and may change the heat transport pathway. Thus, the reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics method is used to investigate how...
The development of potash deposits is generally accompanied by large losses of minerals in the subsurface. The main reason for these losses is the use of a room-and-pillar mining system, where left pillars hold the overlying rock strata and aquifers...
A large area of room mining goaf has been left throughout the history of coal mining worldwide. However, because the pillars cannot perpetually retain stability, the sudden collapse of a large area of goaf can occur. The existing large areas of room...
Roof weighting failures of pre-driven recovery rooms may cause huge economic losses and even casualties. The excessive dynamic load from the sliding of the broken main roof rock block causes the recovery room roof and inner supports to lose their sup...
In underground metal mines that use sublevel or stage open-stope and backfilling mining methods (SSOBMMs), there is a special structure around which both sides of the rock pillar are wrapped by backfill. As a permanent part of an underground mine, ho...
Activities of traditional longwall mining will result in ground subsidence and therefore cause issues such as damages to buildings and farmlands, water pollution and loss, and potential ecological and environmental problems in the mining region. With...
L-Cysteinate-intercalated CaAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH) was prepared by the co-precipitation method producing highly crystalline hydrocalumite phase with a well-pillared interlayer gallery. The obtained materials were characterized by X-ray dif...
Since the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, it has been clear that the health dimension (HEDm) has a severe impact on sustainability, which was originally considered from the pillars of society, environment and economy. Hence, the integration of the h...
The empty-space subsequent filling mining method is the main mining scheme for underground metal mines to achieve large-scale mechanized mining. The stage height, one of the main parameters of this method, affects the various production process aspec...
The evaluation and classification of goaf stability are fuzzy and random. To address this problem, a new classification method is proposed. A cavity monitoring system is used to detect the goaf, 3DMine and FLAC3D software are used to conduct the 3D v...
There are several massive deposits around the world with different geological characteristics. Thus, different mining methods and strategies are applied based on the particularity of each method and mine experience. Particularly, in this work, we rev...
Most autonomous navigation systems used in underground mining vehicles such as load–haul–dump (LHD) vehicles and trucks use 2D light detection and ranging (LIDAR) sensors and 2D representations/maps of the environment. In this article, we...
The 2016 United Nations (UN) New Urban Agenda clearly reaffirms the concept that sustainable cities require intertwined environmental and social sustainability. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11—“Make cities inclusive, safe, re...
The article presents a method of non-invasive diagnostics of a historic wooden church, built in the 18th century. Over the hundreds of years of its use, changes in the geometry of the structure have been observed. This article presents the requiremen...
The COVID-19 pandemic and rising demand for transparency has heightened the importance of sustainability communications on social media to generate deeper stakeholder engagement. Although B Corporations (B Corps), businesses committed to the triple b...
Many scientists have expressed concern that declining agricultural diversity threatens agricultural sustainability. We draw on the available literature to outline and examine mechanisms that reduce agricultural diversity and identify the at-risk attr...
The transport of the winning in deep mines, using the room and pillar mining system, is most often performed with bucket loaders and haul trucks. In the era of attempts to stop rapid climate change, it is crucial to choose the transport means for the...
Humanity development is associated with higher spiritual and social behaviour and financial shape, which is an undeniable factor of urbanisation. Previously, in areas of georesource concentration, cities and settlements were formed with people exploi...
Various methods of longwall full mining with partial filling have been extensively researched to satisfy the specific mining needs of pressurized-coal and residual-coal resources. This study introduces three longwall partial-filling-mining techniques...
Damage to buried gas pipelines caused by mining activities has been frequently reported. Based on a case study from the Central China coal mining area, this research employs a scaled model experiment to investigate the movement of overlying strata in...
Bio-actuators that use insect muscular tissue have attracted attention from researchers worldwide because of their small size, self-motive property, self-repairer ability, robustness, and the need for less environment management than mammalian cells....
The Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) is widely used in the monitoring of mining assets. A good example is the Polish underground copper ore mines of KGHM, where research work with the use of the IMU has been carried out for several years. The potentia...
Objectives: Design strategies to improve management, outcomes, and quality of life for people with heart failure (HF) in Spain through the identification of areas of improvement regarding diagnosis, treatment, comorbidities, progression of disease an...
of 2