3,247 Results Found

With the growing number of high-resolution satellite images, the traditional image retrieval method has become a bottleneck in the massive application of high-resolution satellite images because of the low degree of automation. However, there are few...

As the second most predominant greenhouse gas, methane-targeted emission mitigation holds the potential to decelerate the pace of global warming. Satellite remote sensing is an important monitoring tool, and we review developments in the satellite de...

Precipitation with high spatial and temporal resolution can improve the defense capability of meteorological disasters and provide indispensable instruction and early warning for social public services, such as agriculture, forestry, and transportati...

Layered cloud cover (LCC) describes the vertical distribution of cloud occurrence and is a key variable for assessing the radiation budget of the Earth-atmosphere system. However, ground-based radars have limited spatial coverage, while existing sate...

When retrieving Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) from passive satellite sensors, the vertical distribution of aerosols usually needs to be assumed, potentially causing uncertainties in the retrievals. In this study, we use the Moderate Resolution Spectror...

Wind field retrieval, a crucial component of weather forecasting, has been significantly enhanced by recent advances in deep learning. However, existing approaches that are primarily focused on wind speed retrieval are limited by their inability to a...

Accurate retrieval of column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of methane (XCH₄) in the atmosphere is important for greenhouse gas emission management. Traditional XCH₄ retrieval methods are complex, while machine learning can be used to model nonlinear...

Global Earth observation is becoming increasingly important in understanding and addressing critical aspects of life on our planet, including environmental issues, natural disasters, sustainable development, and others. Finding similarities in landsc...

The accuracy and reliability of soil moisture retrieval based on Global Positioning System (GPS) single-star Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) data is low due to the influence of spatial and temporal differences of different satellites. Therefore, this pap...

Compared with previous snow depth monitoring methods, global navigation satellite system-interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR) technology has the advantage of obtaining continuous daily observation data, and has great application potential. However...

Soil moisture (SM) is a key parameter in surface water and energy cycles, playing a vital role in agriculture, hydrology, and atmospheric science. Remote sensing (RS) has been widely applied in SM retrieval, yet most existing reviews focus on individ...

In Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP), an accurate description of surface temperature is needed to assimilate satellite observations. These observations produced by infrared and microwave sensors, help retrieving good quality land surface temperature...

GaoFen-5 (02) (GF5-02) is a new Chinese operational satellite that was launched on 7 September 2021. The Directional Polarimetric Camera (DPC) is one of the main payloads and is mainly used for the remote sensing monitoring of atmospheric components...

Monitoring water quality parameters in coastal and estuarine environments is critical for assessing their ecological status and addressing environmental challenges. However, traditional in situ sampling programs are often constrained by limited spati...

Satellites have provided decades of valuable cloud observations, but the data from conventional passive radiometers are biased toward information from at or near cloud top. Tied with the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) Visible Infrared Imaging Ra...

Improving air quality and reducing human exposure to unhealthy levels of airborne chemicals are important global missions, particularly in China. Satellite remote sensing offers a powerful tool to examine regional trends in NO₂, thus providing a dire...

In recent years, technology advancement has led to an enormous increase in the amount of satellite data. The availability of huge datasets of remote sensing measurements to be processed, and the increasing need for near-real-time data analysis for op...

The thermal Infrared Spectrometer (TIS) is the thermal infrared (TIR) sensor on-board the first Sustainable Development Goals (SDG-1) satellite. The TIS data can potentially be used to support improved monitoring of ground conditions with high-spatia...

Based on in-situ vertical observations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the lower troposphere (0–1.0 km) in Nanjing, China, during the summer and autumn, we analyzed the VOCs vertical profiles, diurnal variation, and their impact factors...

To apply satellite-retrieved soil moisture to a short-range weather prediction, we review a stochastic approach for reducing foot print scale biases and estimating its uncertainties. First, we discuss a challenge of representativeness errors. Before...

We present a Bayesian inversion method for estimating volcanic ash emissions using satellite retrievals of ash column load and an atmospheric dispersion model. An a priori description of the emissions is used based on observations of the rise height...

The presence of volcanic clouds in the atmosphere affects air quality, the environment, climate, human health and aviation safety. The importance of the detection and retrieval of volcanic SO₂ lies with risk mitigation as well as with the possibility...

The evolution process of hurricane Matthew (NO. 8, 2016) was simulated using the mesoscale Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model at temporal resolution of 5 min and spatial resolution of 15 km. The atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles...

The planning of offshore wind energy projects requires wind observations over long periods for the establishment of wind speed distributions. In the marine environment, high-quality in situ observations are sparse and restricted to point locations. N...

The acquisition of significant wave height (SWH) in coastal seas is significantly important to human activities. The Gaofen-3 (GF-3) satellites, comprising GF-3, GF-3B and GF-3C, are independently developed operational SAR of China, capable of provid...

Atmospheric ammonia (NH₃) plays an important role in the formation of secondary inorganic aerosols, the neutralization of acid rain, and the deposition to ecosystems, but has not been well understood yet, especially over East Asia. Based on the GEOS-...

Satellite remote sensing provides a cost-effective and large-scale alternative to traditional methods for retrieving water quality parameters for inland waters. Effective water quality parameter retrieval via optical satellite remote sensing requires...

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Short-term Prediction Research and Transition Center (SPoRT) has been part of a collaborative effort within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Joint Polar Satellite Syst...

Investigation of cloud top temperature (CTT) and its diurnal variation is highly reliant on high spatial and temporal resolution satellite data, which is lacking over the Indian region. An algorithm has been developed for detection of clouds and retr...

High accuracy and time synchronous aerosol optical depth (AOD) is essential for atmospheric correction (AC) of medium and high spatial resolution (MHSR) remote sensing data. However, existing high-resolution AOD retrieval methods often rely on sparse...

Scientists in the marine domain process satellite images in order to extract information that can be used for monitoring, understanding, and forecasting of marine phenomena, such as turbidity, algal blooms and oil spills. The growing need for effecti...

China is developing the High-precision Greenhouse gases Monitoring Satellite (HGMS), carrying a high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) for aerosol vertical profiles and imaging grating spectrometers for CO₂ measurements at the same time. By providing...

As the latest members of Chinese Environmental Protection and Disaster Monitoring Satellite Constellation, the first two of HuanjingJianzai-2 (HJ-2) series satellites were launched on 27 September 2020 by China and are usually abbreviated as HJ-2 A/B...

Current methods for estimating the surface temperature of sea and lake ice—the ice surface temperature (IST)—utilize two satellite imager thermal bands (11 and 12 μm) at moderate spatial resolution. These “split-window” or...

Accurate satellite retrieval of oceanic particulate organic nitrogen (PON) vertical profile is essential for understanding global biogeochemical processes; however, no dedicated retrieval models currently exist. This study developed a novel PON profi...

The impact of one or two missing passive microwave (PMW) input sensors on the end product of multi-satellite precipitation products is an interesting but obscure issue for both algorithm developers and data users. On 28 January 2013, the Version-7 TR...

Due to the tremendous flux of terrestrial nutrients from the Changjiang River, the waters in the coastal regions of the East China Sea (ECS) are exposed to heavy eutrophication. Satellite remote sensing was proven to be an ideal way of monitoring the...

Chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) is commonly used as a proxy for phytoplankton abundance in surface waters of large lakes. Mapping spatial and temporal Chl-a distributions derived from multispectral satellite data is therefore increasingly popular...

Aerosol optical and microphysical properties determine their radiative capabilities, climatic impacts, and health effects. Satellite remote sensing is a crucial tool for obtaining aerosol parameters on a global scale. However, traditional physical an...

A new quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) method for Himawari-9 (H9) and Fengyun-4B (FY4B) satellites has been developed based on cloud top brightness temperature (TBB). The 24-hour, 6-hour, and hourly rainfall estimates of H9 and FY4B have b...

Accurate solar surface irradiance data is a prerequisite for an efficient planning and operation of solar energy systems. Further, it is essential for climate monitoring and analysis. Recently, the demand on information about spectrally resolved sola...

Aerosol distribution with fine spatial resolution is crucial for atmospheric environmental management. This paper proposes an improved algorithm of aerosol retrieval from 250-m Medium Resolution Spectral Image (MERSI) data of Chinese FY-3 satellites....

Determining the dynamic processes of the subsurface ocean is a critical yet formidable undertaking given the sparse measurement resources available presently. In this study, using the light gradient boosting machine algorithm (LightGBM), we report fo...

As a key parameter of land surface energy balance models, near surface air temperature (NSAT) is an important indicator of the surface atmospheric environment and the urban thermal environment. At present, NSAT data are mainly captured by meteorologi...

Surface incident solar radiation (R_s) plays an important role in climate change on Earth. Recently, the use of satellite-retrieved datasets to obtain global-scale R_s with high spatial and temporal resolutions has become an indispensable tool for rese...

As carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations continue to rise, climate change, characterized by global warming, presents a significant challenge to global sustainable development. Currently, most global shortwave infrared CO₂ retrievals rely on fully physi...

Technological evolution in the remote sensing domain has allowed the acquisition of large archives of satellite image time series (SITS) for Earth Observation. In this context, the need to interpret Earth Observation image time series is continuously...

Global Navigation Satellite System Interferometric Reflectometry (GNSS-IR) provides a low-cost, all-weather approach for continuous soil moisture content (SMC) retrieval. However, in single-constellation, multi-satellite applications, the optimal sat...

Timely and accurate soil moisture information is of great importance in agricultural monitoring. The Gaofen-3 (GF-3) satellite, the first C-band multi-polarization synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) satellite in China, provides valuable data sources for...

Due to its worldwide coverage and high revisit time, satellite-based remote sensing provides the ability to monitor in-season crop state variables and yields globally. In this study, we presented a novel approach to training agronomic satellite retri...