Biology, Volume 14, Issue 4

As a Chinese endemic species with dual medicinal–industrial importance, Eucommia ulmoides faces habitat challenges under climate change. Using 21 bioclimatic variables and 704 occurrence records, we modeled current and future (2021–2100)...

30 percent of infertile men are diagnosed with idiopathic infertility. This study aimed to assess oxidative stress in the semen of 77 patients with idiopathic infertility by measuring F₂-isoprostane (F₂-IsoP), resolvin D1 (RvD1) levels, and semen par...

This study investigated the genetic diversity and structure of thirteen wild populations of Crassostrea gigas in Korea. The purpose of this investigation was to provide foundational data for selecting reference populations to enhance genetic diversit...

This study reports the first complete mitochondrial genome assembly of Hippophae salicifolia, an ecologically and economically important plant endemic to the Himalayas. The 475,105 bp genome has a 44.80% GC content and an overall AT bias, comprising...

Vitamin K₃ (VK₃) is an essential micronutrient for fish growth and metabolism. To determine the optimal required dietary concentration of VK, a 12-week-long trial was planned to investigate the impact of VK₃ on growth performance, muscle composition,...

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), often referred to as the “golden grain”, is a highly nutritious crop that has garnered significant global attention due to its exceptional nutritional profile and health benefits. Flavonoids present in...

Enzymatic browning and cold-induced sweetening (CIS) affect the post-harvest quality of potato tubers. Browning is caused by polyphenol oxidase 2 (PPO2), which is activated by mechanical damage during harvest and storage. CIS occurs when vacuolar inv...

Dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells are adipocyte-derived cells that are able to differentiate into multiple cell lineages such as adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes, similar to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Despite their great potential for dev...

Soil phosphorus is heavily restricted by soil acidification and salinization. There is a need to determine a biological solution for this issue to replace the overuse of chemical phosphorus fertilizer that aggravates adverse conditions, such as salin...

This review explores the complex interactions between long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and other biomolecules, highlighting their pivotal roles in gene regulation and cellular function. LncRNAs, defined as RNA transcripts exceeding 200 nucleotides witho...

Because of their diversity, microplastics (MPs), which are synthetic particles smaller than 5 mm, are highly bioavailable and widely distributed. The prevalence of microplastics in aquatic habitats has been extensively studied but less is known about...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating various biological processes in crustaceans, including stress responses. Under acute low salinity stress conditions, miRNAs exhibit dynamic expression patterns that significantly influence the physi...

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is a perennial forage crop with significant economic and ecological significance. If alfalfa can be planted in saline-alkali land, it will not only improve the utilization rate of marginal land and alleviate the competition...

Systemic inflammation is monitored with various biomarkers; of these, C-reactive protein (CRP) is widely used due to its cost effectiveness and widespread implementation. However, its lack of specificity and delayed kinetics have directed interest in...

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has necessitated the exploration of alternative antimicrobial agents, particularly natural products like essential oils. This study investigated the antibacterial potential of a unique blend...

Exposure to aflatoxin (AF) triggers the production of inflammatory molecules and free radicals, leading to chronic inflammation, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. This systematic review evaluated the effects of AFB1 on the nervous system, parti...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a well-known, chronic autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) involving demyelination and neurodegeneration. Research previously conducted in the area of the gut microbiome has highlighted it as a critical c...

Light is a critical environmental factor that shapes forest communities. The canopy trees intercept the light, thus understory plants become shaded. Shade leads to the attenuation of light intensity and a shift in the spectrum through the forest vert...

Poly(A) Binding Protein Nuclear 1 (PABPN1) is a nuclear poly(A)-binding protein that is highly conserved in eukaryotes. It plays multifaceted roles in RNA processing and metabolism, with its dysregulation closely linked to various diseases. PABPN1 co...

Biogeochemical cycles are fundamental to the functioning of plant–soil systems, driving the availability and transfer of essential nutrients (like carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S)) as well as beneficial elements (like si...

Liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, particularly in developing countries, where it poses a significant financial burden. Early detection and timely treatment remain chal...

In this study, the bacterial communities of the cœlomic microbiota were characterized in three Echinoderms: the deposit feeder sea Cucumber Holothuria forskali, the herbivorous sea Urchin Sphaerechinus granularis, and the carnivorous sea Star M...

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a widespread mycotoxin which contaminates several crops, including maize, wheat, and barley. In this study, we investigated the effects of orally administered DON on growth performance, blood biochemistry, histology, the gut m...

Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), atherosclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), pose major global health concerns. These disorders are marked by per...

Lyme disease (LD), caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, is the most prevalent tick-borne disease in Europe, including Romania, where endemic areas are well documented. It has a wide range of clinical manifestations and severity, including r...

Runs of homozygosity (ROH) are key elements of the genetic structure of populations, reflecting inbreeding levels, selection history, and potential associations with phenotypic traits. This study proposes a novel approach to ROH analysis through visu...

This study designed three sgRNAs (sgRNA139, sgRNA128, and sgRNA109) targeting the prolactin gene receptor (PRLR) in fetal cattle, utilized Cas9 to cleave endogenous DNA, and screened stable cell lines for somatic cell nuclear transfer experiments to...

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and dysregulation of glucose metabolism. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) such as miR-4428 and miR-185-5p play critical roles in post-transcriptional regulation of...

The Orinoquía region of Colombia includes diverse ecosystems such as riparian forests and seasonal savannas, which play vital roles as biodiversity reservoirs. However, increased fire activity, driven by both natural and anthropogenic pressures, pose...

Interactions between honeybees and the environment are often difficult to achieve, particularly when the purpose is to optimize beekeeping production. The present study proposed to monitor the space-time variations of melliferous resources potentiall...

The Mediterranean Sea is considered a hotspot for bioinvaders. Nonetheless, information on non-indigenous benthic foraminifera is still fragmented. This study documents for the first time the presence along the northwestern Adriatic coast of the non-...

Proper cellular function hinges on appropriate subcellular protein localization. When cellular proteins become mislocalized, they can accumulate, cause cellular damage, and disrupt many biochemical and cellular processes. Notably, mislocalized protei...

The marine ecological carrying capacity (MECC) of marine ranching serves as a crucial indicator for assessing the conservation effect of fishery resources and forms a significant basis for scientific management of coastal fisheries. The environmental...

Four species representing four different families of the hemipteran insect suborder Auchenorrhyncha, Lepyronia coleoptrata (Aphrophoridae), Euricania ocellus (Ricaniidae), Kolla sp. (Cicadellidae) and Tricentrus sp. (Membracidae) were investigated us...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) vaccines are designed to prevent infection, prevent reactivation of latent infection, and/or provide adjuvant therapy to standard TB treatment for active Mtb. Emerging vaccine technologies include reverse vaccinology,...

Quinoa, a halophytic pseudocereal crop, is highly resistant to harsh growing environments and is considered a suitable crop for cultivation in marginal areas. The germination period plays a decisive role in the formation of the crop population and th...

Phaeodactylum tricornutum is rich in bioactive substances, rendering it valuable in nutrition and medicine. Epigenetic editing mediated by human RNA demethylase FTO can significantly increase the yields of rice and potato and offers significant poten...

In the beginning, it was diversity—or so evolutionary biology suggest when interpreting how and why antibiotic production began on Earth [...]

The direct-seeded rice (DSR) system is poised to become the dominant rice cultivation method due to its advantages, including reduced water usage, less labor requirements, decreased greenhouse gas emissions, and improved adaptation to climate change....

This review provides an overview of terrestrial extremophiles, highlighting their adaptive strengths and strategies for coping with environmental challenges through the use of specialized proteins. It also explores why their unique lifestyle and abil...

(1) Background: WOX (WUSCHEL-related homologous box) is a plant-specific transcription factor involved in plant development and stress response. It has been reported to be involved in processes such as growth and development, stem cell division and d...

eDNA metabarcoding has been used for the biomonitoring of benthic invertebrates, but the correct steps to achieve its effectiveness, the stability of the results, and comparisons with morphological methods are still understudied. In this study, morph...

A dysregulated nucleotide metabolism has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). RNA sequencing datasets, GSE102485, GSE60436, and GSE165784, were downloaded from the GEO database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) b...

Sediment improvers are important mediators of aquatic animals’ growth performance and the surrounding environmental quality. However, the physiological responses of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) to different sediment improvers remain unclear....

Penaeus monodon (black tiger shrimp) is one of the important shrimp species in aquaculture. Cryopreserving its sperm not only provides technical support for breeding but also effectively prevents the decline of genetic resources, promoting the sustai...

Metapenaeus monoceros is the second most abundant commercially important shrimp species caught along the Saudi Arabian Red Sea coast. However, knowledge of its life history and population dynamics in the region remains limited, posing challenges for...

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of breast cancer is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic approaches. Methods: This study analyzed gene expressi...

Plant defensins (PDFs) are a group of cationic antimicrobial peptides that are distinguished by their unique tertiary structure and play significant roles in physiological metabolism, growth, and stress tolerance. Defensins are key components of plan...

Metabolomics approaches, such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry (MS), have emerged as powerful tools for studying cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including hypertens...

Laccase production was evaluated in 108 fungal isolates recovered from the eastern coast of Saudi Arabia, a critical element in environmental biodegradation and biotransformation. The most active isolate was identified as Curvularia lunata MLK46 (Gen...