Preparation for outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases is often predicated on beliefs that we will be able to understand the epidemiological nature of an outbreak early into its inception. However, since many rare emerging diseases exhibit differe...
The emergence of bacteria resistant to bacteriophage (phage) infection may compromise the success and effectiveness of phage therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of five novel phages, as well as the emerg...
Poxvirus infections, particularly those caused by the monkeypox virus, have emerged as significant public health threats. Ocular manifestations constitute a severe potential clinical complication associated with these infections, potentially resultin...
The COVID-19 pandemic put emergency departments all over the world under severe and unprecedented distress. Previous methods of evaluating patient flow impact, such as in-situ simulation, tabletop studies, etc., in a rapidly evolving pandemic are pro...
Background/Objectives: Serious infections in older adults are associated with substantial mortality and morbidity. Diagnosis is challenging because of the non-specific presentation and overlap with pre-existing comorbidities. The objective of this st...
Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening acute complication of diabetes mellitus and can lead to patient demise if not immediately treated. From the recent literature, the diabetic ketoacidosis mortality rate, depending on age, i...
Background and Objectives: Suspected bacterial infection is one of the leading presentations to the Emergency Department (ED) and is still associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. There is increasing evidence that biological sex may infl...
Background: Pancreatic stone protein (PSP) has recently emerged as a novel biomarker with diagnostic and prognostic potential in sepsis. The present study aimed to investigate its role as an early prognosticator in patients presenting to the Emergenc...
Antimicrobial stewardship involves a delicate balance between the risk of undertreating individuals and the potential societal burden of overprescribing antimicrobials. This balance is especially crucial in neonatal care. In this observational study,...
Medical overuse poses potential risks to patients and contributes to increasing healthcare costs, pediatric emergency departments (PED) in particular. Often, upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) cases are viral-induced and self-limiting, and they...
This study aims to assess the prevalence and antibiotic-treatment patterns of respiratory tract infections (RTIs), prevalence and types of antibiotic-prescribing errors, and the cost of inappropriate antibiotic use among emergency department (ED) pat...
Background: Infections in emergency departments (EDs) are insidious clinical conditions characterised by high rates of hospitalisation and mortality in the short-to-medium term. The serum albumin, recently demonstrated as a prognostic biomarker in se...
Aerosols and droplets have put healthcare workers performing airway management at high risk of contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Experts have developed endotracheal intubation (ETI) guidelines and protocols to protect intubators from i...
Background and Objectives: Blood cultures are routinely obtained in emergency department (ED) patients with suspected infection; however, their real clinical impact on patient outcomes remains debated. Although current sepsis guidelines recommend obt...
Patients with infection present to emergency departments (EDs) through multiple referral pathways, including general practitioner (GP) referral and self/ambulance presentation. The impact of referral sources on presentation characteristics, ED proces...
The early recognition of acute kidney injury (AKI) is essential to improve outcomes and prevent complications such as chronic kidney disease, the need for renal-replacement therapy, and an increased length of hospital stay. Increasing evidence shows...
Background: Healthcare-associated bloodstream infections (HABSIs) are among the main categories of nosocomial infections. This analysis aims to identify the clinical characteristics of patients in the emergency department (ED) who will develop a HABS...
Introduction. Knowledge of local and regional antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is crucial in clinical decision-making, especially with critically ill patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the rate and pattern of infections in valvular hear...
Introduction: Hematuria is a worrisome symptom in children and is sometimes associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study aimed to identify useful clinical factors that can predict UTIs in hematuria patients without pyuria in the pediat...
Bluetongue is an infectious, non-contagious, arthropod-borne viral disease of ruminants caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), producing severe impacts on livestock. Historically, Southern Europe has suffered multiple incursions of different BTV serotypes...
29 August 2022
(1) Background: In the emergency department (ED), ordering urine tests in patients without symptoms of a urinary tract infection can lead to inappropriate antimicrobial treatment. We aimed to identify factors contributing to the unnecessary ordering...
5 July 2021
Emerging adulthood is identified as a time of identity exploration, during which emerging adults (EAs) may engage in sexual exploration and risky behaviors, potentially resulting in the contraction of a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Many EAs,...
The rapid antigen test (RAT) has been adopted as a screening tool for SARS-CoV-2 infection in many emergency departments (EDs). We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of the accuracy of the SARS-CoV-2 RAT as a screening tool in the ED. This ret...
The quick sepsis-related organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score has been introduced to predict the likelihood of organ dysfunction in patients with suspected infection. We hypothesized that machine-learning models using qSOFA variables for predicting...
Background: Acute Respiratory Infections are a common reason for Pediatric Emergency Department (PED) visits. Differentiating bacterial and viral infections may be challenging and might result in incorrect antibiotic prescriptions and exacerbation of...
Human adenoviruses (HAdV) express either one or two virus-associated RNAs (VA RNAI or VA RNAII). The structure of VA RNA resembles human precursor microRNAs (pre-miRNA), and, like human pre-miRNA, VA RNA can be processed by DICER into small RNAs that...
Background: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a machine learning (ML) model to predict invasive bacterial infections (IBIs) in young febrile infants visiting the emergency department (ED). Methods: This retrospective study was conduct...
Off-label drug use is prevalent in the pediatric population and represents a patient safety concern. We aimed to identify factors for off-label drug use in our pediatric emergency department (PED). Methods. We performed a retrospective data analysis....
Background/Objectives: Deep neck infection (DNI) can be difficult to distinguish from localized upper aerodigestive disease during emergency department (ED) evaluation. We assessed routinely available laboratory markers in adults presenting with thro...
Background: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are among the most frequent reasons for referrals to the pediatric emergency department (PED). The aim of this study is to describe the management of antibi...
Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection due to organisms of the Zygomycetes class and the order of Mucorales that can cause various types of infections. In recent years, an increasing phenomenon has been observed—invasive fungal infec...
We analyze a time-delayed SIQR model that considers transportation-related infection and entry–exit screening. This model aims to determine the measures for preventing and controlling major emergent infectious diseases and the associated costs....
Antimicrobial resistance occurs due to the propensity of microbial pathogens to develop resistance to antibiotics over time. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have been developed in response to this growing crisis, to limit unnecessary antibi...
The detection of emerging pathogens responsible for genitourinary infections has increased with technological advances. We conducted a systematic review of publications on the involvement of these microorganisms in genitourinary samples, and we also...
Despite the risk of emerging drug resistance that occurs with the frequent use of antimicrobial agents, targeted and prophylactic antibiotics have been considered crucial to opportunistic infection management among the HIV/AIDS-immunocompromised. As...
6 November 2020
Mosquitoes account for a significant burden of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite evidence of (1) imminent anthropogenic climate and environmental changes, (2) vector-pathogen spatio-temporal dynamics and (3) emerging and re-emerging mosquito...
Background: The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score is currently the primary prognostic tool used in patients with infections to predict sepsis and mortality, although its predictive role remains debated. Serum albumin values have been r...
Vector mosquitoes contribute significantly to the global burden of diseases in humans, livestock and wildlife. As such, the spatial distribution and abundance of mosquito species and their surveillance cannot be ignored. Here, we surveyed mosquito sp...
Microorganisms responsible for genitourinary infections increasingly include species other than conventional etiological agents that are of clinical and pathogenic relevance and therapeutic interest. This cross-sectional descriptive study selected sa...
Emergency cesarean sections are associated with more postoperative complications than with elective cesarean sections. Seprafilm and Adept are commonly used adhesion reduction devices and have been applied in abdominal or pelvic surgery for a long ti...
Emerging fungal infections are a major challenge in solid organ transplantation (SOT) and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. We report two cases of Malassezia restricta pneumonia in SOT recipients. Infections were diagnosed with molecu...
Zoonotic viruses have significant pandemic potential, as evidenced by the coronavirus pandemic, which underscores that zoonotic infections have historically caused numerous outbreaks and millions of deaths over centuries. Zoonotic viruses induce nume...
The Asian genotype of Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged in Brazil in 2015 and subsequently spread throughout the Americas. In July 2016, Florida experienced its first locally acquired ZIKV infection in the continental U.S. Concerns about health risks from ZI...
Pandemic and epidemic outbreaks of respiratory viruses are a challenge for public health and social care system worldwide, leading to high mortality and morbidity among the human populations. In light of the limited efficacy of current vaccines and a...
Background: Effective hygiene and infection prevention are essential for patient and staff safety in EMS. This study assessed hygiene and infection prevention knowledge among EMS personnel and emergency physicians in Thuringia, Germany. Specifically,...
Candida auris is an emerging MDR pathogen raising major concerns worldwide. In Italy, it was first and only identified in July 2019 in our hospital (San Martino Hospital, Genoa), where infection or colonization cases have been increasingly recognized...
Ranaviruses are capable of infecting amphibians from at least 14 families and over 70 individual species. Ranaviruses infect multiple cell types, often culminating in organ necrosis and massive hemorrhaging. Subclinical infections have been documente...
Background/Objectives: Febrile illness in returning travelers presents a diagnostic and operational challenge for emergency medicine clinicians as early symptoms of high-consequence tropical infections often overlap with common viral syndromes. This...
Spontaneous rupture of kidney is a rare clinical entity. A 35-year-old female presented in emergency with left flank pain and features suggestive of haemorrhagic shock. Investigations showed rupture of kidney with perinephric haematoma. Emergency lef...
Ranaviruses began emerging in common frogs (Rana temporaria) in the United Kingdom in the late 1980s and early 1990s, causing severe disease and declines in the populations of these animals. Herein, we explored the transmission dynamics of the ranavi...
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