The time relaxation model has proven to be effective in regularization of Navier–Stokes Equations. This article reviews several published works discussing the development and implementations of time relaxation and time relaxation models (TRMs), and h...
A previous related paper dealing with the density relaxation of polystyrene (PS) has shown that the equilibrium relaxation time (τeq) has a purely exponential temperature dependence (ETD) below ≈100 °C. Such an ETD is now also confirmed...
The viscoelastic relaxation spectrum is vital for constitutive models and for insight into the mechanical properties of materials, since, from the relaxation spectrum, other material functions used to describe rheological properties can be uniquely d...
Although changes in habitat area, driven by changes in sea level, have long been considered as a possible cause of marine diversity change in the Phanerozoic, the lack of Pleistocene extinction in the Californian Province has raised doubts, given the...
The well-known Poisson–Nernst–Planck model is a classical approach usedto describe ion transport in liquids. Extended versions of this model account for thegeneration–recombination of ions at equilibrium. In this paper, we investiga...
Longitudinal spin-lattice relaxation (T1) and transverse spin-spin relaxation (T2) reveal valuable information for studying molecular dynamics in NMR applications. Accurate relaxation measurements from conventional 1D proton spectra are generally sub...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valuable diagnostic tool that provides detailed information about the structure and function of tissues in the human body. In particular, measuring relaxation times, such as T1 and T2, can provide important insig...
26 September 2024
Relaxation oscillators are preferred in low-frequency applications due to their lower power consumption and superior temperature stability. However, frequency errors arise from variations in the comparator’s offset voltage and delay time due to PVT c...
The induced polarization method has become a popular method for evaluating formation permeability characteristics in recent years because of its sensitivity to water and water-bearing porous media. In particular, the induced polarization relaxation t...
The magnetic properties and relaxation time of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and their encapsulation with silicon dioxide (Fe3O4-SiO2), have been successfully investigated by analyzing the temperature dependence of magnetization (
The time dynamics of charge accumulation at the electrochemical interface between graphene and water is important for supercapacitors, batteries, and chemical and biological sensors. By using impedance spectroscopy, we have found that measured capaci...
Hot carriers are a critical issue in modern photovoltaics and miniaturized electronics. We present a study of hot electron energy relaxation in different two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) structures and compare the measured values with regard to th...
NMR Relaxation (NMRR) is an extremely useful quantitative technique for material science, particularly for studying polymers and porous materials. NMR Cryoporometry (NMRC) is a powerful technique for the measurement of pore-size distributions and tot...
Time and temperature, besides pressure in a lesser extent, represent the most significant variables influencing the rheological behavior of viscoelastic materials. These magnitudes are each other related through the well-known Time–Temperature...
The Debye model and its modified forms are widely applied to interpret relaxation polarization processes in dielectric media. However, these models generally require prior assumptions regarding the number of polarization branches, which makes it diff...
Mechanical loading of connective tissues is traditionally prescribed by force magnitude. In viscoelastic tissues, a constant external force does not produce a constant internal mechanical environment: stress and strain evolve continuously after load...
In this paper, the Distribution of Relaxation Times (DRT) method is introduced for analyzing aging and failure conditions in lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, addressing challenges associated with its implementation. While Electrochemical Impedance Spe...
The three equations involved in the time-temperature superposition (TTS) of a polymer, i.e., Williams–Landel–Ferry (WLF), Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann–Hesse (VFTH) and the Arrhenius equation, were re-examined, and the mathematical equivalence of the WLF for...
In this paper, Distribution of Relaxation Time (DRT) analysis is presented as a powerful tool for understanding the aging mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries, with a focus on its application to estimating the State of Health (SOH). A novel parameter,...
Magnetic Resonance (MR) sensors are an area of increasing interest for the measurement and monitoring of material properties. There are two relaxation times associated with samples that can be measured with MR sensors: The spin-lattice and spin-spin...
In this paper, the deconvolution of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) data into the Distribution of Relaxation Times (DRTs) is employed to provide a detailed examination of degradation mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries. Using an nth RC m...
In this work, we report the use of bio-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (BMNs) and dynamic magnetic resonance (DMR) to characterize the time-dependent spin-spin relaxation time for sensitive bio-detection. The biomarkers are the human C-reactive...
(1) Background: Longitudinal changes in myocardial T1 relaxation time are unknown. We aimed to assess the longitudinal changes in the left ventricular (LV) myocardial T1 relaxation time and LV function. (2) Methods: Fifty asymptomatic men (mean age,...
The Pennes bioheat equation is the most widely used model for describing heat transfer in living tissue during thermal exposure. It is derived from the classical Fourier law of heat conduction and assumes energy exchange between blood vessels and sur...
Equivalent circuit models (ECMs) are a widely used modeling approach for lithium-ion batteries in engineering applications. The RC elements, which display the dynamic loss processes of the cell, are usually parameterized by fitting the ECM to experim...
A new practical method for thermal response test (TRT) is proposed herein to estimate the groundwater velocity and effective thermal conductivity of geological zones. The relaxation time of temperature (RTT) is applied to determine the depths of the...
NMR Relaxation (NMRR) is an extremely useful quantitative technique for material science, particularly for studying polymers and porous materials. NMR Cryoporometry (NMRC) is a powerful technique for the measurement of pore-size distributions and tot...
In this article, we consider an initial-value problem for a linear ordinary differential equation with multi-term time fractional derivatives with relaxation factors, which make the current work differently from existing studies in the literature. We...
Quantum algorithms for flow simulation are advancing rapidly, but reproducible wall-bounded benchmarks with classical reference data are still needed to evaluate future quantum and hybrid quantum-classical solvers. This work presents a forced D3Q19 m...
Background/Objectives: The laser beam absorption and thermal relaxation time (TRT) in oral tissues are key to optimizing treatment parameters. The aim of this study is to (1) evaluate, in an ex vivo study, the percentage of attenuation and transmitta...
A simple transient effect method for the determination of the spin-lattice relaxation time using continuous wave NMR (TEDSpiL) with a marginal oscillator was recently reported (doi:10.1002/mrc.4594). Such a system measures a parameter called Tx that...
The traditional multi-level grid multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method (MRT-LBM) requires interpolation calculations in time and space. It is a complex and computationally intensive process. By using the buffer technique, this paper propo...
In the past few decades, the predator–prey model has played an important role in the dynamic behavior of populations. Many scholars have studied the stability of the predator–prey system. Due to the complex influence of time delay on the...
The Boltzmann equation with multiple-relaxation-time (MRT) collision operators has been widely employed in kinetic theory to describe the behavior of gases and liquids at the macro-level. Given the successful development of deep learning and the avai...
Although physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) offer a novel, mesh-free paradigm for computational fluid dynamics (CFD), existing models often suffer from poor stability and insufficient accuracy, particularly when dealing with complex flows at hi...
Flow behavior can be changed by parameters such as fluid properties, geometry, and operating conditions. This paper presents a 2D numerical analysis of incompressible fluid flow in a channel with either a circular or square cylinder using the multipl...
To address the limitations of conventional electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) testing, we propose an efficient rapid EIS testing system. This system utilizes an AC pulse excitation signal combined with an “intelligent fast fourier tra...
A modified power-law (MPL) viscosity model of non-Newtonian fluid flow has been used for the multiple-relaxation-time (MRT) lattice Boltzmann methods (LBM) and then validated with the benchmark problems using the graphics process unit (GPU) parallel...
The memory time
With the rapid progress of cutting-edge research such as quantum measurement technology, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) gyroscopes represent a major development direction of high-precision micro-miniature gyroscopes, which have significant advantag...
Advances in permanent magnet technology has seen more reports of sensor applications of low field magnetic resonance. Whilst most are either in the 10–20 MHz range or in the earth’s field, measurements at below 1 MHz are beginning to become more wide...
Many pathologies can be identified by evaluating differences raised in the physical parameters of involved tissues. In a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) framework, spin-lattice T1 and spin-spin T2 relaxation time parameters play a major role in such...
Longitudinal relaxation time (T1) can be used to assess pancreatic pathology on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although pancreatic T1 values may be influenced by intra-organ fat content, regional variation within the pancreas and the impact of pot...
Sodium MRI has the potential to depict cartilage health accurately, but synovial fluid can influence the estimation of sodium parameters of cartilage. Therefore, this study aimed to reduce the impact of synovial fluid to render the quantitative compo...
Impedance spectroscopy is a universal nondestructive tool for the analysis of the polarization behavior of electrochemical systems in frequency domain. As an extension and enhancement of the standard impedance spectroscopy, the distribution of relaxa...
It is shown that the empirical Williams–Landel–Ferry (WLF) and Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann (VFT) equations, as well as the semiempirical equations of other researchers, for the viscosity η in the glass transition region are, in...
Viscoelastic relaxation time and frequency spectra are useful for describing, analyzing, comparing, and improving the mechanical properties of materials. The spectra are typically obtained using the stress or oscillatory shear measurements. Over the...
The distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analysis of impedance spectra is a proven method to determine the number of occurring polarization processes in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), their polarization contributions and characteristic time constant...
Sodium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to evaluate the change in the proteoglycan content in Achilles tendons (ATs) of patients with different AT pathologies by measuring the 23Na signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). As 23Na SNR alone is difficu...
Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging techniques are used to measure biophysical properties of tissues. As clinical diagnoses are mainly based on the evaluation of contrast in MR images, relaxation times assume a fundamental role providing a major source o...
of 78