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  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,589 Views
24 Pages

27 December 2024

Waste water treatment plants (WWTP) are considered as a hotspot for the acquisition and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The present study aimed to assess the AMR rate of the waste water microbiome in a selected WWTP and the treatment...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evaluation of Microbiological Indicators for Water and Wastewater Treatment and Reuse)
  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
6,196 Views
12 Pages

10 May 2018

Conventional water treatment processes use aluminium sulphate (alum) as a coagulant in the production of potable water. While alum is an inexpensive and reliable means of treating water, the process generates waste water containing dissolved Al. This...

(This article belongs to the Section Wastewater Treatment and Reuse)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,277 Views
15 Pages

Effect of Water Treatment Plant Sludge Addition on the Composting Efficiency, Quality, and Environmental Sustainability of Sewage Sludge, Food Waste, and Agro-Industrial Waste

  • Daví Matos Lopes,
  • Monica Luci Oliveira de Brito,
  • Josiel Isaac Domingues de Almeida,
  • Danilo Corado de Melo,
  • Jhon Adno de Almeida Santana,
  • Manoel Ferreira Lima Neto and
  • Maico Chiarelotto

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of adding sludge generated in water treatment plants on the composting of sewage sludge, urban organic waste, and agroindustrial waste. Four treatments were conducted with different proportions of water treatm...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
2,226 Views
5 Pages

We have developed a useful dielectric probe that allows real-time and in situ characterization of suspensions in the 0.4 to 10 MHz frequency range. It has been successfully tested throughout several weeks to monitor activated sludge of a waste water...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Proceedings of Eurosensors 2017, Paris, France, 3–6 September 2017)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,586 Views
20 Pages

Use of Bacillus pretiosus and Pseudomonas agronomica for the Synthesis of a Valorized Water Waste Treatment Plant Waste as a Biofertilizer Intended for Quercus pyrenaica L. Fertigation

  • Diana Penalba-Iglesias,
  • Marina Robas-Mora,
  • Daniel González-Reguero,
  • Vanesa M. Fernández-Pastrana,
  • Agustín Probanza and
  • Pedro A. Jiménez-Gómez

21 July 2025

The loss of hectares of forest areas has become a global issue that has worsened over recent years due to unsustainable human activities. In a context of limited availability of productive land, it is urgent to adopt efficient strategies to recover t...

(This article belongs to the Collection Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria: Mechanisms and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,496 Views
19 Pages

An Assembled Feature Attentive Algorithm for Automatic Detection of Waste Water Treatment Plants Based on Multiple Neural Networks

  • Cong Li,
  • Zhengchao Chen,
  • Zhuonan Huang,
  • Yue Shuai,
  • Shaohua Wang,
  • Xiangkun Qi and
  • Jiayi Zheng

6 May 2025

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play a vital role in controlling wastewater discharge and promoting recycling. Accurate WWTP identification and spatial analysis are crucial for environmental protection, urban planning, and sustainable development...

  • Article
  • Open Access
305 Citations
17,262 Views
17 Pages

29 December 2019

Urban water systems and, in particular, wastewater treatment facilities are among the major energy consumers at municipal level worldwide. Estimates indicate that on average these facilities alone may require about 1% to 3% of the total electric ener...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water-Energy Sustainable Urban Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Citations
7,610 Views
10 Pages

Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biosolids from Waste Water Treatment Plant

  • Dhananjay Bhatt,
  • Ankita Shrestha,
  • Raj Kumar Dahal,
  • Bishnu Acharya,
  • Prabir Basu and
  • Richard MacEwen

30 August 2018

The high moisture content of biosolid from a wastewater treatment plant limits its use for agriculture and energy applications. This limitation could be obviated by hydrothermal carbonization, which requires less energy compared to other thermochemic...

(This article belongs to the Section I: Energy Fundamentals and Conversion)
  • Article
  • Open Access
461 Views
22 Pages

Sustainable recovery of aluminium from water treatment plant sludge (WTPS) offers a promising route for resource valorisation and waste reduction. In this study, Donnan dialysis (DD) is evaluated as a separation technique for recovering aluminium fro...

  • Review
  • Open Access
11 Citations
9,334 Views
18 Pages

26 September 2024

Municipal waste water treatment plants have a fundamental task, which is to rid waste water of toxic and health-threatening organic and inorganic substances, including unwanted microorganisms and other pollutants, with the highest possible efficiency...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Features, Reviews and Perspectives for the 10th Anniversary of Processes)
  • Article
  • Open Access
57 Citations
14,070 Views
24 Pages

This work describes the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) as a side stream process on a municipal waste water treatment plant (WWTP) and a subsequent analysis of the production potential in Germany and the European Union (EU). Therefore, test...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Production)
  • Article
  • Open Access
451 Views
19 Pages

Wastewater Treatment Plant Waste as an Energy Source: Prospects and Challenges (Based on the Example of an Enterprise in Western Kazakhstan)

  • Nail Zamaliyev,
  • Yelena Tseshkovskaya,
  • Natalya Tsoy,
  • Denis Akhmatnurov,
  • Ravil Mussin,
  • Irina Shmidt-Fedotova,
  • Vadim Tseshkovskiy,
  • Vladimir Matonin,
  • Lyudmila Karsanova and
  • Krzysztof Skrzypkowski
  • + 2 authors

18 July 2026

This article examines the comprehensive assessment of the environmental and economic performance and social significance of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), using a company in Western Kazakhstan as an example. During the analysis of the treatment...

(This article belongs to the Section B: Energy and Environment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,701 Views
21 Pages

Foam Segmentation in Wastewater Treatment Plants

  • Joaquín Carballo Mato,
  • Sonia González Vázquez,
  • Jesús Fernández Águila,
  • Ángel Delgado Rodríguez,
  • Xin Lin,
  • Lucía Garabato Gándara,
  • Juan Sobreira Seoane and
  • Jose Silva Castro

24 January 2024

The excessive accumulation of foam in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) tanks can impede proper aeration, hindering the effective removal of organic matter from the water. This study proposes a novel technique to monitor in real time the presence of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
7,279 Views
25 Pages

Intelligent Control of Wastewater Treatment Plants Based on Model-Free Deep Reinforcement Learning

  • Oscar Aponte-Rengifo,
  • Mario Francisco,
  • Ramón Vilanova,
  • Pastora Vega and
  • Silvana Revollar

28 July 2023

In this work, deep reinforcement learning methodology takes advantage of transfer learning methodology to achieve a reasonable trade-off between environmental impact and operating costs in the activated sludge process of Wastewater treatment plants (...

(This article belongs to the Section Process Control, Modeling and Optimization)
  • Abstract
  • Open Access
1,390 Views
1 Page

Antibiotic Incidence, Distribution and Resistance in Wastewaters

  • Anton Ficai,
  • Denisa Ficai,
  • Bogdan Stefan Vasile,
  • Dan Eduard Mihaiescu,
  • Bogdan Purcarea,
  • Marcela Popa and
  • Carmen Mariana Chifiriuc

In 2016, the population-weighted average consumption. [...]

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Priorities of Chemistry for a Sustainable Development-PRIOCHEM)
  • Article
  • Open Access
322 Views
39 Pages

Removal of SARS-CoV-2 Antivirals from Aqueous Media Using Bioaugmented Activated Sludge

  • Dora Lastovčić,
  • Ivona Zirn,
  • Tijana Jezerčić,
  • Kristina Bule Možar,
  • Luka Večenaj,
  • Matija Cvetnić,
  • Marinko Markić,
  • Marin Ganjto,
  • Tomislav Bolanča and
  • Dajana Kučić Grgić

5 September 2026

This study investigated the removal of SARS-CoV-2 antivirals substances (SASs) in wastewater treatment systems through kinetic analysis and response surface modeling based on a full factorial experimental design (33). Quadratic models best described...

(This article belongs to the Topic Environment Ecotoxicology and Bioremediation: From Biological Solutions to High-Value Products)
  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,982 Views
16 Pages

22 September 2025

High energy demand due to boosted economic growth has led to heavy consumption of fossil fuels, thus causing massive emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air. A promising solution to reduce carbon emissions is to convert CO2 into methanol (CH3OH)...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in MOF/COF Catalysis: Tailored Structures for Enhanced Performance)
  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,332 Views
20 Pages

14 October 2025

The CO2 emission issue has raised global concern as the sea level increase it caused can threaten human activity. The utilization of CO2 as a building block for value-added chemicals can be an effective approach for the mitigation of the greenhouse e...

(This article belongs to the Collection Catalytic Conversion and Utilization of Carbon-Based Energy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,140 Views
21 Pages

11 January 2025

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are valuable metabolic intermediates that are produced during dark fermentation of sludge, which, when capitalized on, can be used as chemical precursors for biotechnological applications. However, high concentrations...

(This article belongs to the Section Membrane Applications for Water Treatment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
5,952 Views
19 Pages

1 June 2020

Population growth, urbanization, and changes in lifestyle have led to an increase in waste generation quantities. The waste management system in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is still considered an adolescent system, while developed...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alternative Energy Sources)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,619 Views
20 Pages

Enhancing Utilization of Municipal Solid Waste Bottom Ash by the Stabilization of Heavy Metals

  • Filip Kokalj,
  • Vesna Alivojvodić,
  • Luka Lešnik,
  • Nela Petronijević,
  • Dragana Radovanović and
  • Niko Samec

28 January 2025

Waste-to-energy (WtE) is a key part of modern waste management. In the European Union, approximately 500 WtE plants process more than 100 million tons of waste yearly, while globally, more than 2700 plants handle over 500 million tons. Roughly 20% of...

(This article belongs to the Section Waste and Recycling)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,960 Views
13 Pages

13 August 2018

In recent times, the issue of a “Phosphate Peak” has entered the academic debate and it is widely present in social media. Arguments in favour and against are similar to those mentioned in the much earlier debate on the “Oil Peak&rd...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phosphorus Circular Economy: Closing Loops through Sustainable Innovation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
5,280 Views
13 Pages

Achieving high efficiency of biological waste treatment in mechanical–biological treatment (MBT) plants requires reliable methods for measuring the degree of biodegradation of organic substances. For this purpose, several physical, chemical, an...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Management of Waste)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,173 Views
14 Pages

4 September 2023

The absorption of triclosan on the surface of four different carbon adsorbents, obtained on the base of plant and household waste (RDF), provided by Sofia Waste Plant, was investigated. The obtained results indicate that the most important parameters...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Sewage Treatment Focused on Global Environmental Challenges)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,721 Views
13 Pages

Perceptions and Knowledge of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Workers Regarding Plastic Pollution and Removal

  • Khumbelo Mabadahanye,
  • Mwazvita T. B. Dalu,
  • Linton F. Munyai,
  • Farai Dondofema and
  • Tatenda Dalu

6 January 2025

Plastic pollution is a problem and the world is currently dealing with its impacts on the aquatic environments. This study investigates the perceptions and knowledge of process controllers and managers from twelve water and wastewater treatment plant...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,700 Views
11 Pages

Sludge Management at the Kraków-Płaszów WWTP—Case Study

  • Justyna Górka,
  • Małgorzata Cimochowicz-Rybicka and
  • Dominika Poproch

30 June 2022

Municipal wastewater treatment plants are good examples of facilities where the concept of a circular economy model can be effectively implemented by the recovery of energy as well as secondary and natural materials. That is why anaerobic co-digestio...

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sustainability and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,173 Views
11 Pages

Assessment of Ecotoxicity of Incinerated Sewage Sludge Ash (ISSA)

  • Waldemar Kępys,
  • Małgorzata Śliwka and
  • Małgorzata Pawul

6 August 2021

Combustion in fluidised bed boilers is one of the most commonly used methods of treatment of municipal sewage sludge. Fly ash (FA) and air pollution control (APC) residues are the solid by-products generated by flue gas treatment. There are significa...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluidized Bed Combustion (FBC) Fly Ashes—Characteristics and Use)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
7,813 Views
27 Pages

30 January 2021

The article first summarizes case studies on the three basic types of treated water used in power plants and heating stations. Its main focus is Czechia as the representative of Eastern European countries. Water as the working medium in the power ind...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling and Experiment of Anion-Exchange Membranes)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,892 Views
13 Pages

Development of Hybrid Membrane Systems for Highly Mineralized Waste Utilization in the Power Industry

  • Iliya Krastev Iliev,
  • Andrey Alexandrovich Chichirov,
  • Antonina Andreevna Filimonova,
  • Natalia Dmitrievna Chichirova,
  • Alexander Vadimovich Pechenkin and
  • Ivan Hristov Beloev

24 August 2023

In the context of limited water resources and the deterioration of natural water bodies’ state, and with the increase in the regulatory requirements for the quality of effluents, assessing the impact of the industrial and energy complex on water bodi...

(This article belongs to the Section J: Thermal Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
5,313 Views
11 Pages

18 March 2019

Anaerobic technology is a well-established technique to wean the fossil fuel-based energy off with various positive environmental inferences. Biowaste treatment is favorable due to its low emissions. Biogas is merely regarded as the main product of a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Production and Utilization of Biogas)
  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
4,703 Views
15 Pages

5 October 2023

The impact generated by the indiscriminate disposal of heavy metals into the different bodies of water is not only environmental but also social due to the health effects it produces in several organisms, including ourselves. Therefore, treatment sys...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water and Sediment Quality Assessment)
  • Communication
  • Open Access
2,411 Views
10 Pages

The Effects of CO2-Enriched Water Irrigation on Agricultural Crop Growth

  • Laura Feodorov,
  • Anca Maria Patrascu,
  • Alina-Roxana Banciu,
  • Dragos Radulescu,
  • Catalina Stoica,
  • Indraneel Sen,
  • Yasmina Dimitrova,
  • Matteo Fasano and
  • Mihai Nita-Lazar

CO2, a major industrial (waste)water treatment process byproduct, significantly contributes to climate change, desertification and overall water depletion. Therefore, there is a significant interest in decreasing CO2 amounts, generated by various tec...

(This article belongs to the Section Agricultural Water Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
7,414 Views
21 Pages

Performance Assessment of a Novel Green Concrete Using Coffee Grounds Biochar Waste

  • Alexey N. Beskopylny,
  • Sergey A. Stel’makh,
  • Evgenii M. Shcherban’,
  • Oxana Ananova,
  • Andrei Chernil’nik,
  • Diana El’shaeva,
  • Anastasia Pogrebnyak,
  • Ivan Dubinkin,
  • Emrah Madenci and
  • Yasin Onuralp Özkılıç
  • + 1 author

An actual scientific problem in current concrete science is poor knowledge of the problem of modifying concrete with plant waste. At the same time, plant waste benefits from other types of waste because it is a recycled raw material. A promising tech...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,833 Views
13 Pages

12 November 2024

A large amount of waste slurry water will be generated in the production process of concrete mixing plant, due to the complex composition of waste slurry water, if it is not handled in time when stored, serious coagulation will occur, which will acce...

  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
12,732 Views
15 Pages

Waste Wash-Water Recycling in Ready Mix Concrete Plants

  • Ayoup M. Ghrair,
  • Andrew Heath,
  • Kevin Paine and
  • Muath Al Kronz

The management of waste wash-water (WWW) is one of the most significant environmental problems associated with ready-mix concrete production worldwide. The problems are exacerbated should it be disposed of in an inappropriate manner. This study evalu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
45 Citations
10,051 Views
14 Pages

Pickering Particles Prepared from Food Waste

  • Joanne Gould,
  • Guillermo Garcia-Garcia and
  • Bettina Wolf

21 September 2016

In this paper, we demonstrate the functionality and functionalisation of waste particles as an emulsifier for oil-in-water (o/w) and water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions. Ground coffee waste was chosen as a candidate waste material due to its naturally high...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pickering Emulsion and Derived Materials)
  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,074 Views
6 Pages

Field Trial of Solar-Powered Ion-Exchange Resin for the Industrial Wastewater Treatment Process

  • Jaloliddin Eshbobaev,
  • Adham Norkobilov,
  • Zafar Turakulov,
  • Bakhodir Khamidov and
  • Orifjon Kodirov

Water scarcity is currently one of the world’s major issues. Water treatment technologies are a solution to the water crisis problems. In this study, the outcomes of pre-pilot scale testing of solar-powered Ion-exchange resin technology is pres...

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Processes: Process Engineering—Current State and Future Trends)
  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
4,405 Views
15 Pages

Rapid Evaluation of Integral Quality and Safety of Surface and Waste Waters by a Multisensor System (Electronic Tongue)

  • Evgeny Legin,
  • Olesya Zadorozhnaya,
  • Maria Khaydukova,
  • Dmitry Kirsanov,
  • Vladimir Rybakin,
  • Anatoly Zagrebin,
  • Natalia Ignatyeva,
  • Julia Ashina,
  • Subrata Sarkar and
  • Andrey Legin
  • + 3 authors

29 April 2019

The paper describes a wide-range practical application of the potentiometric multisensor system (MS) (1) for integral safety evaluation of a variety of natural waters at multiple locations, under various climatic conditions and anthropogenic stress a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomimetic Sensor Arrays)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,342 Views
15 Pages

Multi-Attention Network for Sewage Treatment Plant Detection

  • Yue Shuai,
  • Jun Xie,
  • Kaixuan Lu and
  • Zhengchao Chen

28 March 2023

As an important facility for effectively controlling water pollution discharge and recycling waste water resources, accurate sewage treatment plant extraction is very important for protecting quality, function, and sustainable development of the wate...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Regional Climate Change and Application of Remote Sensing)
  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,028 Views
24 Pages

Phytosorbents in Wastewater Treatment Technologies: Review

  • Elena Vialkova,
  • Elena Korshikova and
  • Anastasiya Fugaeva

16 September 2024

Turning to green technologies in wastewater treatment is a well-known global trend. The use of natural sorbents of plant origin or phytosorbents in order to purify water from various types of pollutants is becoming more and more popular. This solves...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water, Waste and Wastewater: Treatment and Resource Recovery, 2nd Edition)
  • Review
  • Open Access
74 Citations
9,387 Views
18 Pages

5 May 2023

Nowadays, the main challenge for industrial and municipal enterprises is related to the tightening regulations and recommendations regarding environmental protection, which have been included in the circular economy (CE) package. Enterprises from all...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy and Matter Recovery from Organic Waste Processing and Reuse Volume 2)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,442 Views
14 Pages

17 June 2022

This study investigates how the environmental performances of biodegradable waste (e.g., organic fraction of municipal solid waste, green waste, agro-industrial waste) treatment plants are reported and how their improvement is planned by the managing...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Techno-Sustainable Biowaste Management Strategy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
13,420 Views
18 Pages

Ecological Status of Rivers and Streams in Saxony (Germany) According to the Water Framework Directive and Prospects of Improvement

  • Bernd Spänhoff,
  • Roland Dimmer,
  • Holm Friese,
  • Steve Harnapp,
  • Frank Herbst,
  • Kerstin Jenemann,
  • Antje Mickel,
  • Sylvia Rohde,
  • Michaela Schönherr and
  • Uwe Müller
  • + 2 authors

9 November 2012

The Federal State of Saxony (Germany) transposed the EU Water Framework Directive into state law, identifying 617 surface water bodies (rivers and streams) for implementation of the water framework directive (WFD). Their ecological status was classif...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Water Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
10,575 Views
18 Pages

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Growth and Productivity under Solar Radiation-Based Quantitative Nutrient Management in Hydroponic System

  • Nethone Samba,
  • Osamu Nunomura,
  • Na Lu,
  • Masahumi Johkan,
  • Akimasa Nakano and
  • Satoru Tsukagoshi

29 January 2024

Grafted cucumber plants were grown in a new hydroponic system (“Kappa Land”, Mitsubishi Chemical Aqua Solutions, Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). Two different nutrient management methods were applied to the plants as treatments: Electrical Cond...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Greenhouse Horticulture for Producing More With Less)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
8,146 Views
18 Pages

‘Squeezing Out’ the Nile Delta’s Drainage Water to Irrigate Egypt’s Desert Land

  • Mohamed Tawfik,
  • Jaime Hoogesteger,
  • Moustafa Moussa and
  • Petra Hellegers

30 December 2023

Egypt’s quota of Nile River water has been constant since the 1950s, despite the continual agricultural land expansion. To facilitate land reclamation, Egypt has reallocated Nile water from downstream users, mostly smallholders in the ‘ol...

(This article belongs to the Section Water Resources Management, Policy and Governance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
6,804 Views
18 Pages

27 November 2020

Rapid population growth has contributed to increased solid waste generated in Malaysia. Most landfills that have reached the design capacity are now facing closure. Taman Beringin Landfill was officially closed, so the Taman Beringin Solid Waste Tran...

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental and Green Processes)
  • Review
  • Open Access
23 Citations
6,077 Views
23 Pages

29 March 2024

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has developed considerably over the last 15 years and offers a viable alternative for the utilization of municipal and industrial organic waste such as sewage sludge. However, the technology has yet to establish itsel...

(This article belongs to the Section Wastewater Treatment and Reuse)
  • Review
  • Open Access
56 Citations
24,158 Views
22 Pages

Handling and Treatment of Poultry Hatchery Waste: A Review

  • Phil Glatz,
  • Zhihong Miao and
  • Belinda Rodda

12 January 2011

A literature review was undertaken to identify methods being used to handle and treat hatchery waste. Hatchery waste can be separated into solid waste and liquid waste by centrifuging or by using screens. Potential methods for treating hatchery waste...

  • Review
  • Open Access
50 Citations
6,901 Views
17 Pages

Sustainable, Decentralized Sanitation and Reuse with Hybrid Nature-Based Systems

  • Andrea G. Capodaglio,
  • Silvia Bolognesi and
  • Daniele Cecconet

3 June 2021

Nature (ecosystem) based processes for wastewater treatment include constructed wetlands (CWs), waste stabilization ponds, vegetated drainage ditches, buffer zones, instream or bankside river techniques, and mixotrophic systems, where light and CO2 a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hybrid Systems Using Different Technologies for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse)
  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
7,333 Views
31 Pages

20 May 2020

This paper guides decision making in more sustainable urban water management practices that feed into a circular economy by presenting a novel framework for conceptually designing and strategically planning wastewater treatment processes from a resou...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Engineering and Science)

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