The history of Neisseria research has involved the use of a wide variety of vertebrate and invertebrate animal models, from insects to humans. In this review, we itemise these models and describe how they have made significant contributions to unders...
Background: Accurate vertebral instance segmentation on full-spine radiographs is essential for spinal parameter assessment, but supervised methods require costly instance-level annotations and may be sensitive to domain shift. Methods: We investigat...
Prophylactic local treatment involving percutaneous vertebral augmentation using bioactive materials is a new treatment strategy in spine surgery in humans for vertebral bodies at risk. Standardized animal models for this procedure are almost non-exi...
Back pain is regularly associated with biomechanical changes in the spine. The traditional methods to assess spine biomechanics use ionising radiation. Vertebral Metrics (VM) is a non-invasive instrument developed by the authors in previous research...
This article reviews the animal models and experimental designs that have been used during the past twenty years to demonstrate the prominent role played by D-aspartate (D-Asp) in the reproduction of vertebrates, from amphibians to humans. We have ta...
Cervical spine injuries (CSIs) arising from collisions are uncommon in contact sports, such as rugby union, but their consequences can be devastating. Several FE modelling approaches are available in the literature, but a fully calibrated and validat...
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a valuable non-mammalian vertebrate model widely used to study development and disease, including more recently cancer. The evolutionary conservation of cancer-related programs between human and zebrafish is striking and al...
Epilepsy is an international public health concern that greatly affects patients’ health and lifestyle. About 30% of patients do not respond to available therapies, making new research models important for further drug discovery. Aquatic verteb...
Dendropanax morbiferus is highly valued in traditional medicine and has been used to alleviate the symptoms of numerous diseases owing to its excellent antioxidant activity. This study aimed to evaluate the sleep promotion and related signaling pathw...
A semi-automated framework for vertebral measurement has been developed to overcome clinical limitations of subjectivity and poor reproducibility in spinal assessment. The framework integrates watershed segmentation with level-set functions and deter...
Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) are under investigation for their use in biomedical applications, especially in neurological diseases, due to their electrochemical properties. Nevertheless, conflicting results have cast doubt on their safety. To...
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common survivable chromosome trisomy, with an incidence of about 1 in 600–700 births. Consequences of chromosome 21 trisomy include developmental delays, congenital cardiac abnormalities, skeletal abnormalities, a...
Small peptides are an important component of the vertebrate immune system. They are important molecules for distinguishing proteins that originate in the host from proteins derived from a pathogenic organism, such as a virus or bacterium. Consequentl...
This study investigated the effect of ethanol-extracted green lettuce leaf (GLE) on sleep behavior in physical stress-induced invertebrate and vertebrate models. In Drosophila melanogaster, the group that experienced vibration stress showed decreased...
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) encode a large family of growth factor proteins that activate several intracellular signaling pathways to control diverse physiological functions. The human genome encodes 22 FGFs that share a high sequence and struct...
Arboviruses (an acronym for “arthropod-borne virus”), such as dengue, yellow fever, Zika, and Chikungunya, are important human pathogens transmitted by mosquitoes. These viruses impose a growing burden on public health. Despite laboratory...
Retinitis pigmentosa-59 (RP59) is a rare, recessive form of RP, caused by mutations in the gene encoding DHDDS (dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase). DHDDS forms a heterotetrameric complex with Nogo-B receptor (NgBR; gene NUS1) to form a cis-prenylt...
This review is of basic models of the interactions between a pathogenic virus and vertebrate animal host. The interactions at the population level are described by a predatory-prey model, a common approach in the ecological sciences, and depend on bi...
Most vertebrate fossils are rare and difficult to find and although paleontologists and paleoanthropologists use geological maps to identify potential fossil-bearing deposits, the process of locating fossiliferous localities often involves a great de...
As a vertebrate model, zebrafish (Danio rerio) plays a vital role in the field of life sciences. Recently, gene-editing technology has become increasingly innovative, significantly promoting scientific research on zebrafish. However, the implementati...
In healthy cells, proteolysis is orderly executed to maintain basal homeostasis and normal physiology. Dyscontrol in proteolysis under severe stress condition induces cell death, but the dynamics of proteolytic regulation towards the critical phase r...
Over the last thirty years, fish models, such as the zebrafish and medaka, have become essential to pursue developmental studies and model human disease. Community efforts have led to the generation of wide collections of mutants, a complete sequence...
Flexible spine tethering is a relatively novel fusionless surgical technique that aims to correct scoliosis based on growth modulation due to the pressure exerted on the vertebral body epiphyseal growth plate. The correction occurs in two phases: imm...
We present a technique for the detection of vertebrate skeletons buried at shallow depths through the use of a ground-penetrating radar (GPR). The technique is based on the acquisition of high-resolution data by medium-to-high frequency GPR antennas...
Background: Native vertebral osteomyelitis (NVO) presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges requiring adherence to complex clinical guidelines. The emergence of large language models (LLMs) offers new avenues for real-time clinical decision suppo...
Cholesterol homeostasis is necessary for normal vertebrate development. The disruption of cholesterol homeostasis can cause abnormal body and nervous system development and lead to dysfunctional behavior and increased mortality. Commonly prescribed p...
The study of vertebrate palaeontology in the United Kingdom holds a significant position in global research. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis and topic modelling of UK vertebrate palaeontology from 2014 to 2023, utilizing dat...
Cyanobacteria are recognized producers of toxic or otherwise bioactive metabolite associated, in particular, with so-called “harmful algal blooms” (HABs) and eutrophication of freshwater systems. In the present study, two apparently teratogenic indol...
The aim of this study is to compare previously published height estimation formulae in a contemporary Australian population using vertebral measurements readily available on abdominal CT. Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing a planning CT pr...
The flavivirus Zika (ZIKV) has emerged as a global threat, making the development of a ZIKV vaccine a priority. While live-attenuated vaccines are known to induce long-term immunity but reduced safety, inactivated vaccines exhibit a weaker immune res...
The African clawed frog, Xenopus, is a valuable non-mammalian model organism to investigate vertebrate heart development and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of human congenital heart defects (CHDs). In this review, we outline the simil...
Zebrafish are increasingly becoming an important model organism for studying the pathophysiological mechanisms of human diseases and investigating how these mechanisms can be effectively targeted using compounds that may open avenues to novel treatme...
Zebrafish have become a popular alternative to higher animals in biomedical and pharmaceutical research. The development of stable mutant lines to model target specific aspects of many diseases, including diabetes, is well reported. However, these mu...
Environmental pollution is a serious problem of the modern world that possesses a major threat to public health. Exposure to environmental pollutants during embryonic development is particularly risky. Although many pollutants have been verified as p...
The investigation examines the transference of stiffness from intervertebral discs (IVDs) to the lumbar body of the L1 vertebra and the interactions among adjacent tissues. A computational model of the vertebra was developed, considering parameters s...
The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the performance of six state-of-the-art convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning models for cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) on lateral cephalometric radiographs, and implement vis...
Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) are the most prevalent fractures among patients with osteoporosis, leading to severe pain, deformities, and even death. This study explored the use of ectopic embryonic calvaria derived mesenchymal...
LMO7 is a multifunctional PDZ–LIM protein that can interact with different molecular partners and is found in several intracellular locations. The aim of this work was to shed light on LMO7 evolution, alternative transcripts, protein structure...
Cyanobacteria are recognized producers of a wide array of toxic or otherwise bioactive secondary metabolites. The present study utilized the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo as an aquatic animal model of vertebrate development to identify, purify and c...
The aquatic ecotoxicity of three α-amino acid-derived polyamidoamines (PAAs) was studied using zebrafish embryos as a viable vertebrate model organism. The PAAs examined were water-soluble amphoteric polyelectrolytes with a primarily negative c...
Background/Objectives: Breast cancer survivors face elevated risk of treatment-related bone loss, yet routine bone health assessment remains underutilized. Opportunistic bone density extraction from routine CT may address this gap. This study validat...
Ochratoxins, and particularly ochratoxin A (OTA), are toxic fungal-derived contaminants of food and other agricultural products. Growing evidence supports the degradation of OTA by chemical, enzymatic and/or microbial means as a potential approach to...
This study aims to establish advanced sampling methods in free-text data for efficiently building semantic text mining models using deep learning, such as identifying vertebral compression fracture (VCF) in radiology reports. We enrolled a total of 2...
The objectives of this retrospective study of 240 guinea pigs (148 females and 92 males) were to determine the prevalence of different vertebral formulae and the type and anatomical localization of congenital vertebral anomalies (CVA). Radiographs of...
The quality of digital 3D models of fossils is important from the perspective of their further usage, either for scientific or didactical purposes. However, fidelity evaluation has rarely been attempted for digitized fossil objects. In the present re...
The Lactobacillales (LB) stand apart among bacterial orders, using manganese (Mn) instead of iron to support their growth and swiftly ferment complex foods while acidifying their environment. The present work investigates whether a shift in the use o...
Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab) is an emerging, nontuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) that infects humans. Mab has two morphotypes, smooth (S) and rough (R), related to the production of glycopeptidolipid (GPL), that differ in pathogenesis. To further un...
Objectives: To develop an opportunistic screening model based on a deep learning algorithm to detect recent vertebral fractures in abdominal or chest CTs. Materials and Methods: A total of 1309 coronal reformatted images (504 with a recent fracture f...
Adaptor Protein-1 (AP-1) is a heterotetrameric essential for intracellular vesicular trafficking and polarized localization of somato-dendritic proteins in neurons. Variants in the AP1G1 gene, encoding the gamma-1 subunit of adaptor-related protein c...
Background/Objectives: Osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) are a growing global health burden, often managed surgically with vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty. However, long-term outcomes such as refracture and mortality remain poorly characterized a...
of 21